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海芒果葉中三萜類成分的研究

2011-03-17 02:49張小坡裴月湖劉明生康勝利張俊清
關鍵詞:三萜類烏蘇石油醚

張小坡,裴月湖,劉明生,康勝利,張俊清

1海南省熱帶藥用植物研究開發(fā)省重點實驗室;2海南省南藥黎藥研究院,???71101;3沈陽藥科大學中藥學院,沈陽110016

海芒果葉中三萜類成分的研究

張小坡1,3,裴月湖3,劉明生1,2*,康勝利1,2,張俊清1,2

1海南省熱帶藥用植物研究開發(fā)省重點實驗室;2海南省南藥黎藥研究院,???71101;3沈陽藥科大學中藥學院,沈陽110016

采用多種柱色譜等分離純化手段對海芒果葉中的三萜類成分進行分離,得到7個化合物,通過理化性質(zhì)和波譜方法鑒定化合物為熊果醇(1),(23Z)-9,19-cycloart-25-ene-3β,24-diol(2),大戟醇(3),烏蘇酸(4),2α-羥基烏蘇酸(5),乙酰烏蘇酸(6),α-香樹脂醇(7)?;衔?~6均為首次從該屬植物中分離得到。

海芒果;三萜;黎藥;化學成分

海芒果(Cerbera manghas L.)為夾竹桃科(Apocynaceae)海杧果屬(Cerbera)紅樹林植物,產(chǎn)于海南、廣東、廣西和臺灣,在海南分布于陵水和萬寧等地,其中陵水等地是黎族聚居地區(qū)[1],在該地區(qū)海芒果的樹皮、葉和乳汁作為藥物被用來催吐和瀉下,其種子榨出的油被用作燃料[2]。本課題組前期對其莖皮化學成分研究中,發(fā)現(xiàn)一些結構特殊的天然產(chǎn)物[3,4],為進一步開發(fā)利用該黎藥資源,闡明有效成分,我們對海芒果葉中三萜類成分進行研究,通過硅膠柱色譜和Sephadex LH-20等色譜分離手段,共分離得到7化合物,其結構分別確定為熊果醇(1),(23Z)-9,19-cycloart-23-ene-3β,25-diol(2),大戟醇(3),烏蘇酸(4),2α-羥基烏蘇酸(5),乙酰烏蘇酸(6)和α-香樹脂醇(7)。其中化合物1-6為首次從該屬植物中分離得到。

1 儀器與材料

XT-5顯微熔點測定儀(未校正),JASCO-FT-IR-4100型紅外分光光度儀,核磁共振用 BRUKERARX-300/600型核磁共振儀,薄層色譜和柱色譜用硅膠由青島海洋化工廠生產(chǎn),Sephadex LH-20由Pharmacia biotech Sweden生產(chǎn),普通色譜用試劑均為分析純,均為中國醫(yī)藥集團上?;瘜W試劑公司生產(chǎn)。氘代試劑由中國科學院武漢波譜公司生產(chǎn),所用藥材由中國醫(yī)學科學院藥用植物研究所海南分所提供,經(jīng)陳偉平研究員鑒定為夾竹桃科植物海芒果(Cerbera manghas L.)。

2 提取與分離

海芒果葉10.0 kg陰干、粉碎,70%乙醇回流提取,提取液經(jīng)減壓濃縮后得到浸膏2.15 kg,水混懸后分別用石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,得到石油醚萃取部分浸膏(80 g)及乙酸乙酯部分浸膏(90 g)。取石油醚萃取物70 g,常壓硅膠柱色譜,石油醚-乙酸乙酯梯度洗脫,共得到6個流份(Fr.Ⅰ~Ⅵ)。Fr.Ⅱ經(jīng)過經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離及反復重結晶后得到化合物2(10 mg),7(16 mg);Fr.Ⅲ經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜(環(huán)己烷-乙酸乙酯=9:∶1)分離后得到化合物3(12 mg),6(20 mg);取乙酸乙酯萃取物85g,常壓柱色譜,氯仿-丙酮梯度洗脫,得到7個流份(Fr.1-7)。Fr.1經(jīng)反復重結晶,Sephadex LH-20柱色譜分離得到化合物1(15 mg);Fr.2經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜(石油醚-乙酸乙酯=4∶1)得到化合物4(50 mg),F(xiàn)r.5中經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱色譜分離得到化合物 5(15 mg)。

3 結構鑒定

化合物1 白色針狀結晶,Liebermann-Burchard反應陽性,mp.230~234℃。1H NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:5.22(1H,brs,H-12),3.91(1H,m,H-3),3.46(2H,dd,J=10.8,6.0Hz,H-28),1.24(3H,s,29-CH3),1.21(3H,s,27-CH3),1.04(3H,s,23-CH3),1.01(3H,s,24-CH3),0.92-0.95(9H,m,25,26,30-CH3);13C NMR(C5D5N,125 MHz)δ:139.7 (C-13),125.0(C-12),78.1(C-3),69.2(C-28),55.8(C-5),54.7(C-18),48.1(C-9),42.4(C-14),40.4(C-8),39.9(C-20),39.8(C-19),39.4(C-4),39.3(C-1),38.7(C-10),37.2(C-17),36.2(C-17),33.3(C-21),31.3(C-22),28.8(C-15),28.2(C-23),26.6(C-2),23.9(C-16),23.7(C-27),23.6(C-11),21.6(C-30),18.8(C-6),17.8(C-29),17.0(C-26),16.6(C-25),15.9(C-24)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[5]報道一致,故鑒定化合物1為熊果醇。

化合物2 無色針狀結晶,Liebermann-Burchard反應陽性,mp.200~202℃。1H NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:5.20(2H,m,H-23,24),3.29(1H,m,H-3),1.23(6H,s,26,27-CH3),0.98(6H,s,18,29-CH3),0.89(3H,s,28-CH3),0.86(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,30-CH3),0.81(3H,s,28-CH3);13C NMR(CDCl3,125 MHz)δ:139.3(C-23),125.6(C-24),78.3(C-3),70.7(C-25),52.0(C-17),48.8(C-14),48.0(C-8),47.1(C-5),45.3(C-13),40.5(C-4),39.0(C-22),36.4(C-20),35.6(C-12),32.8(C-15),32.0(C-1),30.4(C-2),30.0(C-26,27),29.9(C-19),28.0(C-7),26.4(C-16),26.1(C-11),26.0(C-10),25.4(C-30),21.1(C-6),20.0(C-9),19.3(C-28),18.2(C-21),18.0(C-18),14.0(C-29)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[6]中數(shù)據(jù)一致,故化合物2鑒定為(23Z)-9,19-cycloart-23-ene-3β,25-diol。

化合物3 無色針狀結晶,Liebermann-Burchard反應陽性,mp.114~117℃。1H NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:4.72(1H,brs,H-28a),4.67(1H,brs,H-28b),1.05(3H,s,28-CH3),1.04(3H,s,29-CH3),1.03(3H,d,J=3.6 Hz,19-CH3),1.01(6H,s,26,27-CH3),0.93(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,21-CH3),0.90 (3H,s,30-CH3);13C NMR(CDCl3,125 MHz)δ: 156.9(C-24),134.6(C-9),133.2(C-8),105.9(C-28),76.5(C-3),50.4(C-5,17),47.0(C-14),44.6 (C-13),39.2(C-4),36.5(C-10),35.0(C-1,20),33.8(C-22),31.3(C-25),31.2(C-13),31.0(C-15),30.8(C-16),28.2(C-7),28.1(C-29),27.3(C-2),25.5(C-12),24.4(C-31),21.9(C-27),21.8(C-26),20.7(C-11),19.1(C-21),18.3(C-19),17.9 (C-6),15.7(C-18),15.0(C-30)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[7]報道基本一致,故化合物3鑒定為大戟醇。

化合物4 無色針狀結晶(氯仿),Liebermann-Burchard反應陽性,mp.282~284℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300 MHz)δ:5.27(1H,m,H-12),3.21(1H,m,H-3),2.80(1H,brd,J=13.2 Hz,H-18),1.13 (3H,s,27-CH3),1.05(3H,s,25-CH3),0.91(9H,brs,23,29,30-CH3),0.77(3H,s,24-CH3),0.74 (3H,s,26-CH3);13C NMR(DMSO-d6,75 MHz)δ: 178.4(C-28),138.3(C-13),124.7(C-12),76.9(C-3),54.9(C-5),52.5(C-18),47.1(C-9),46.9(C-17),41.7(C-8),38.6(C-1,4),38.5(C-20),38.4 (C-19),36.6(C-10),36.4(C-22),32.8(C-7),30.3 (C-21),28.4(C-23),27.6(C-15),27.1(C-2),23.9 (C-16),23.4(C-27),23.0(C-11),21.2(C-30),18.1(C-6),17.1(C-29),17.0(C-26),16.2(C-24),15.4(C-25)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[8]報道一致,故鑒定化合物4為烏蘇酸。

化合物5 白色粉末(甲醇),Liebermann-Burchard反應陽性,mp.250~254℃。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300 MHz)δ:5.14(1H,brs,H-12),3.41(2H,m,H-2,3),2.11(1H,d,J=11.1 Hz,H-18),1.03(3H,s,27-Me),0.91(9H,m,23,25,30-Me),0.82(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,29-Me),0.74(3H,s,24-Me),0.69(3H,s,26-Me);13C NMR(DMSO-d6,75 MHz)δ:178.4 (C-28),138.3(C-13),124.5(C-12),82.3(C-3),67.2(C-2),54.8(C-5),52.5(C-18),47.2(C-1),47.1(C-9),47.0(C-17),41.8(C-14),39.0(C-19),38.6(C-4,8,20),37.6(C-10),36.4(C-22),32.7 (C-7),30.3(C-21),28.9(C-23),27.6(C-15),23.9 (C-16),23.4(C-27),23.0(C-11),21.2(C-30),18.1(C-6),17.2(C-26),17.1(C-29),17.0(C-24), 16.5(C-25)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[9]報道一致,故化合物5鑒定為2α-羥基烏蘇酸。

化合物6 無色結晶(氯仿),Liebermann-Burchard反應陽性,mp.288~291℃。IR(KBr)cm-1: 2961,2857,1748,1698,1475,1380,1028。1H NMR (C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:14.81(1H,s,COOH),5.46 (1H,brs,H-12),4.67(1H,m,H-3),2.12(1H,m,H-18),2.05(3H,s,CH3CO),1.32(3H,s,23-CH3),1.03(3H,s,27-CH3),1.01(3H,s,25-CH3),0.98 (3H,d,J=6.0 Hz,30-CH3),0.90(3H,d,J=6.0 Hz,29-CH3),0.84(3H,s,24-CH3),0.75(3H,s,26-CH3);13C NMR(C5D5N,125 MHz)δ:180.2(C-28),170.6(-CH3CO),139.2(C-11),125.5(C-12),80.8 (C-3),55.6(C-5),53.4(C-18),47.9(C-17),47.8 (C-9),42.5(C-14),39.9(C-8),39.5(C-19),39.4 (C-20),38.3(C-1),37.9(C-4),37.5(C-22),37.0 (C-10),33.4(C-7),31.1(C-21),28.7(C-15),28.3 (C-23),24.9(C-16),23.9(C-2),23.8(C-27),23.6 (C-11),21.4(C-29),21.2(-CH3CO),18.5(C-6),17.5(C-24),17.4(C-30),16.5(C-26),15.5(C-25)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[10]報道一致,故化合物6鑒定為乙酰烏蘇酸。

化合物7 白色針晶(氯仿),Liebermann-Burchard反應陽性,mp.178~182℃。IR(KBr)cm-1: 3400(OH),2960,2870,1640,1460,1378,1035,820,1H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3)δ:5.13(1H,brs,H-12),3.26(1H,m,H-3),1.03(3H,s,27-CH3),1.00 (3H,s,25-CH3),0.96(3H,s,-CH3),0.94(3H,d,J =6.6 Hz,30-CH3),0.87(3H,s,23-CH3),0.83 (3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,29-CH3),0.79(6H,s,24,26-CH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[11]報道一致,故化合物7鑒定為α-香樹脂醇。

1 Liu MS(劉明生).Introduction of Li Nationality Medicine (黎藥學概論).Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House,2008.1-2.

2 Guangdong provincial institute of botany(廣東省植物研究所).Flora of Hainan(海南植物志),vol(3),Beijing:Science Press,1974,228-229.

3 Zhang XP,Liu MS,Zhang JQ,et al.Chemical constituents from the bark of Cerbera manghas.J Asian Nat Prod Res,2009,11:75-78.

4 Zhang XP(張小坡),Zhang JQ(張俊清),Liu MS(劉明生),et al.Studies on chemical constituents from the bark of Cerbera manghas.Chin Tradit Herb Drugs(中草藥),2008,39:1138-1140.

5 Cui SY(崔書亞),Cheng DL(程東亮),Tian J(田軍),et al.The chemical studies of Clausena dunniana.Nat Prod Res Dev(天然產(chǎn)物研究與開發(fā),2001,13:11-13.

6 Li GY(李國玉),Wang JH(王金輝),Li N(李寧),et al.Cycloartane triterpenoids from the pericarp of Sphaerophysa salsula DC.J Shenyang Pharm Univ(沈陽藥科大學學報),2003,20:252-254.

7 Barrero AF,Oltra JE,Poyatos JA,et al.Phycomysterols and other sterols from the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus.J Nat Prod,1998,61:1491-1496.

8 Saimaru H,Orihara Y,Tansakul P,et al.Production of triterpene acids by cell suspension cultures of Olea europaea.Chem Pharm Bull,2007,55:784-787.

9 Chen B(陳斌),Zhu M(朱梅),Xing WX(刑旺興),et al.Studies on chemical constituents in fruit of Eucalyptus globules.China J Chin Mater Med(中國中藥雜志),2002,27: 596-597.

10 Guo XM(郭學敏),Zhang L(章玲),Quan SC(全山從),et al.Isolation and identification of triterpenoid compounds in fruits of Chaenomeles lagenaria(Loisel.)Koidz.China J Chin Mater Med(中國中藥雜志),1998,23:546-547.

11 Gan HX(甘海秀),Zhou X(周欣),Chen HG(陳華國),et al.Chemical constituents of Periploca forrestii Schltr.J Trop Subtrop Bot(熱帶亞熱帶植物學報),2009,17:160-163.

Triterpenoids from the leaves of Cerbera manghas

ZHANG Xiao-po1,3,PEI Yue-hu3,LIU Ming-sheng1,2*,KANG Sheng-li1,2,ZHANG Jun-qing1,21Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of R&D of Tropical Herbs;2Hainan provincial institute of South China Medicine and Li Nationality Medicine,Haikou 571101,China;3School of Traditional Chinese Materia Media,Shenyang Pharmaceutical University,Shenyang 110016,China

Seven triterpenoids were obtained from the leaves of Cerbera manghas and identified as uvaol(1),(23Z)-9,19-cycloart-25-ene-3β,24-diol(2),euphorbol(3),ursolic acid(4),2α-hydroxyursolic acid(5),3-O-acetyl ursolic acid(6),and α-amyrin(7).Among them,1-6 were isolated from genus Cerbera for the first time.

Cerbera manghas L.;triterpenoids;Li Nationality Medicine;chemical constituents

1001-6880(2011)03-0443-03

2009-09-07 接受日期:2009-10-14

海南省重點學科-藥物化學

*通訊作者 Tel:86-898-66893826;E-mail:mingsliu2002@yahoo.com

R284.2

A

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