姜經(jīng)志
1. 他從未去過長城,是嗎?
[誤]He has never been to the Great Wall, hasnt he?
[正] He has never been to the Great Wall, has he?
[析] 當(dāng)陳述部分含有never, few, little, nothing, nobody, hardly(幾乎不)等表示否定意義的詞時,疑問部分須用肯定式。
2. 她父親是你的老師,是嗎?
[誤] Her father is your teacher, isnt her father?
[正] Her father is your teacher, isnt he?
[析] 附加問句中的主語要用代詞,如果陳述句的主語是代詞,用相應(yīng)的代詞即可,如果陳述句的主語是名詞,用相應(yīng)的代詞指代該名詞。
3.這臺機器有毛病,是嗎?
[誤] Something is wrong with the machine, isnt there?
[正] Something is wrong with the machine, isnt it?
[析] 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是something,everything, nothing等時,疑問部分的主語用it。
4. 湯姆能單獨完成這項工作,是嗎?
[誤] Tom can finish the work alone,
doesnt he?
[正] Tom can finish the work alone, cant he?
[析] 如果陳述句中有系動詞或情態(tài)動詞或助動詞,附加疑問句中用與它相應(yīng)的肯定或否定形式即可;如果沒有,就要根據(jù)陳述句的時態(tài)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦釉~。該句有情態(tài)動詞can,所以附加疑問句中用cant。
5. 今天大家都到了,是嗎?
[誤] Everyone is here today, isnt it?
[正] Everyone is here today, arent they?
[析] 陳述部分的主語是someone, somebody, everyone, everybody時,疑問部分的主語常用they。
6. 瓶里有些水,是嗎?
[誤] There is some water in the bottle, isnt it?
[正] There is some water in the bottle,
isnt there?
[析] 當(dāng)陳述部分是“There be”結(jié)構(gòu)時,疑問部分用there作主語。
7. 打開窗戶,好嗎?
[誤] Open the window, dont you?
[正] Open the window, will you?
[析] 當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時,疑問部分常will you。
8. 我不認(rèn)為她是對的,不是嗎?
[誤] I dont think she is right, do I?
[正] I dont think she is right, is she?
[析] 當(dāng)陳述部分的主句是“I (dont) think (believe / suppose)……”后接賓語從句時,疑問部分的主語代詞和動詞必須和從句保持一致。
9. 我遲到了,是嗎?
[誤] Im late, am not I?
[正] Im late, arent I?
[析] 當(dāng)陳述部分以“Im…”開頭時,疑問部分常用“arent you?”或“am I not?”。
10. 多么漂亮的花啊,不是嗎?
[誤] What beautiful flowers, dont they?
[正] What beautiful flowers, arent they?
[析] 當(dāng)陳述部分是感嘆句時,其疑問部分要用否定式,一般用動詞“to be”的一般現(xiàn)在時否定式,主語視具體情況而定。
11. 我們必須按時到達(dá)那里,是嗎?
[誤] We have to get there on time,
havent we?
[正] We have to get there on time, dont we?
[析] 當(dāng)陳述部分的謂語動詞含有“have to / has to / had to”時,疑問部分常用助動詞do的適當(dāng)形式。
12. 她看上去不高興,是嗎?
[誤] She looks unhappy, does she?
[正] She looks unhappy, doesnt she?
[析] 當(dāng)陳述部分的否定詞是由加否定前綴或后綴構(gòu)成的,則仍視陳述部分為肯定式,疑問部分用否定式。