彭現(xiàn)省
當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)了人稱代詞的主格和賓格后,同學(xué)們不僅要記住其拼寫,更重要的是要掌握它們的用法,那么如何正確地運(yùn)用人稱代詞呢?可以從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行。
一、熟記口訣:“句子主語用主格,動(dòng)、介(詞)后接賓格”,即人稱代詞在句中根據(jù)不同的情況要用不同的形式:作主語時(shí)用主格,作賓語(動(dòng)詞、介詞后)時(shí)用賓格。例如:
They are all students. 他們都是學(xué)生。(they作主語)
The new pencil-box is for him. 這新文具盒是給他的。(him作介詞for的賓語)
二、作表語的人稱代詞有時(shí)也用賓格形式。例如:
—“Who is it?”
—“Its me, Tom.”
三、在非正式英語中(如日常會(huì)話中),在只有一個(gè)詞的句子里,常用賓格形式。例如:
—I want to have lunch now.
—Me, too.( I want to have lunch, too.)
四、表示猜測或指自己時(shí),常用it指代人。例如:
A: Who is at the door?
B: I think its Tom. Is that Tom, please?
C: Yes, its me, Tom. May I come in?
五、用and連接的人稱代詞作并列主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
He, she and I are in the same class.
六、在英語中人稱代詞的排列順序一般是:先第二人稱、再第三人稱、后第一人稱。例如:
You, he and I are very good friends.但是在自我批評(píng)或承擔(dān)責(zé)任時(shí)是:先第一人稱,再第二人稱,后第三人稱。
七、在帶有感情色彩的擬人化的句子中,常用he/she代替it.例如:
We love our country. She is great.
八、人稱代詞在作“動(dòng)詞 + 副詞”構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí),其賓格形式必須放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。例如:
Put them away,please.
Turn it off, please.
練 習(xí):
一、用人稱代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:
1. Thats my bag. Give _____ my bag, please.
2. Give this pen to Tom, please. Give _____ that pen, too.
3. Pass(遞給)Mary and Joan some apples. Pass ____ some bananas, too.
4. Li Ping is a good student. _____ is in No.1 Middle School.
5. Dont worry. I can help ____, Jack.
6. Li Ping and Wang Lin are in the same school. ____ are good friends.
7. Thank you very much. _____ are welcome.
8. Whos at the door? ___ is ___, Helen.
9. I am going to play basketball. ___, too.
10. Is this your pencil? Please put ___ away.
二、請(qǐng)認(rèn)真做一做下列有關(guān)人稱代詞的考題:
( ) 1. The woman over there is his mother. _____ is a doctor.
A. He B. She C. Hers D. His
( ) 2. ____ is my daughter. Do you like to play with _____, Mary?
A. You; you B. She; her C. I; me D. He; him
( ) 3. Mr Green is our English teacher. _____is from Australia.
A. He B. She C. It D. His
( ) 4. Its time for Tom and ___ to work.
A. me to go B. me going C. I to go D. I going
參考答案:
一、1. me 2. him 3. them 4. He/She 5. you 6. They 7. You 8. It, me 9. Me 10. it
二、1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A
(作者單位:安徽省靈璧縣第三中學(xué))