黃湘湘 周緒紅
摘要:對(duì)于鋼框架鋼筋混凝土核心筒混合體系,混凝土的收縮和徐變將直接影響混凝土筒體的縮短并通過連系梁影響鋼柱的縮短,從而影響柱筒豎向變形差.本文采用由時(shí)間因子控制的.同時(shí)考慮施工過程及混凝土收縮徐變效應(yīng)的位移法遞推方程研究了上述問題.分析表明,混凝土收縮徐變的長期效應(yīng)非常顯著,濕度的減小將加劇這種影響.考慮截至結(jié)構(gòu)主體施工完畢3年的混凝土收縮徐變時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)頂部筒體的累積縮短值將超過鋼柱的累積縮短值;鋼柱軸力的增加一般超過10%;結(jié)構(gòu)頂部樓層筒體的軸力將變?yōu)槔?;部分鋼梁彎矩將發(fā)生反向.
關(guān)鍵詞:混凝土;收縮徐變;長期效應(yīng);混合體系;豎向變形差
中圖分類號(hào):TU973.14 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:AThe Long Term Effects of Concrete Shrinkage and Creep
在高層鋼框架鋼筋混凝土核心筒混合體系中,由于各豎向構(gòu)件的材料模量和工作應(yīng)力水平的不同、混凝土的收縮和徐變及施工過程中的時(shí)差等因素將導(dǎo)致豎向構(gòu)件之間存在豎向變形差異.目前國外關(guān)于混凝土收縮徐變對(duì)高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)之影響的研究主要集中在混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)中 [1-4];國內(nèi)對(duì)混合體系豎向變形差的研究成果較豐富[5-10];但考慮了主體結(jié)構(gòu)封頂后混凝土收縮徐變效應(yīng)的研究[11]較少;對(duì)環(huán)境相對(duì)濕度通過影響混凝土收縮徐變的開展從而影響混合體系豎向變形的研究也比較少見.
本文在徐變理論的基礎(chǔ)上,引入控制混凝土收縮徐變開展的時(shí)間因子及濕度參數(shù),模擬逐層施工過程,考慮主體結(jié)構(gòu)施工期內(nèi)及主體結(jié)構(gòu)封頂之后的混凝土收縮徐變的影響,分析鋼框架鋼筋混凝土核心筒混合體系豎向變形的問題.
3結(jié)論
本文研究了鋼框架鋼筋混凝土核心筒混合體系在施工過程中考慮混凝土收縮徐變的豎向變形差問題及其對(duì)構(gòu)件內(nèi)力的影響,得出了以下結(jié)論:
1)混凝土收縮徐變的長期效應(yīng)非常顯著,而濕度的減小將急劇加大收縮徐變效應(yīng)的影響.
2)混凝土筒體的縮短受收縮徐變的影響非常大.若考慮混凝土的收縮徐變,底層筒體總縮短在僅考慮荷載作用時(shí)的縮短值基礎(chǔ)上將增加60%以上.鋼柱累積縮短值大于筒體累積縮短值的樓層一般出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)中部,其差值最大可達(dá)到20 mm.當(dāng)考慮截至主體結(jié)構(gòu)施工完畢3 年的混凝土收縮徐變時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)頂部的筒體累積縮短值將可能超過鋼柱的累積縮短值,其差值最大可達(dá)13 mm.
3)考慮混凝土的收縮徐變時(shí),鋼柱軸力的增加比例可達(dá)10%~30%;結(jié)構(gòu)頂部樓層部分筒體的軸力將變?yōu)槔?;部分鋼梁彎矩將反?
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1]SHARMA R K,MARU S, NAGPAL A K. Simplified procedure for creep and shrinkage effects in reinforced concrete frames[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004, 130(10): 1545-1552.
[2]JAYASINGHE M T R, JAYASENA W. Effect of relative humidity on absolute and differential shortening of columns and walls in multistory reinforced concrete buildings[J]. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction, 2005, 10(2): 88-97.
[3]MORAGASPITIYA P, THAMBIRATNAM D,PERERA N, et al. A numerical method to quantify differential axial shortening in concrete buildings[J]. Engineering Structures, 2010, 32: 2310-2317.
[4]MORAGASPITIYA H N P, THAMBIRATNAM D P,PERERA N J, et al. Development of a vibration based method to update axial shortening of vertical load bearing elements in reinforced concrete buildings[J]. Engineering Structures, 2013, 46: 49-61.
[5]周緒紅,黃湘湘,王毅紅,等. 鋼框架鋼筋混凝土核心筒體系豎向變形差異的計(jì)算[J].建筑結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)報(bào),2005,26(2):66-73.
ZHOU Xuhong, HUANG Xiangxiang, WANG Yihong, et al. Calculation of the differential shortening of steel framereinforced concrete corewall structure[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2005,26(2):66-73. (In Chinese)
[6]周緒紅,黃湘湘,王毅紅,等. 鋼框架鋼筋混凝土核心筒體系豎向變形差異補(bǔ)償對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)性能的影響[J].土木工程學(xué)報(bào),2006,39(4):19-23.
ZHOU Xuhong, HUANG Xiangxiang, WANG Yihong, et al. Influence of the vertical deformation compensation of corewall systems on the characteristics of steel framereinforced concrete structures[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2006,39(4):19-23. (In Chinese)
[7]沈蒲生,方輝,夏心紅. 混凝土收縮徐變對(duì)高層混合結(jié)構(gòu)的影響及對(duì)策[J]. 湖南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào):自然科學(xué)版,2008, 35(1):1-5.
SHEN Pusheng, FANG Hui, XIA Xinhong. Influence of creep and shrinkage on tall hybrid structures and its countermeasures[J]. Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences, 2008, 35(1):1-5. (In Chinese)
[8]范峰,王化杰,支旭東,等.上海環(huán)球金融中心施工豎向變形分析 [J].建筑結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)報(bào),2010,31(7):118-124.
FAN Feng, WANG Huajie, ZHI Xudong, et al. Analysis of vertical deformation during construction of the Shanghai World Financial Center [J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2010,31(7):118-124. (In Chinese)
[9]鄭七振,康偉,吳探,等. 超高層混合建筑結(jié)構(gòu)豎向變形差計(jì)算分析[J].建筑結(jié)構(gòu),2011,41(8):49-53.
ZHENG QIzhen, KANG Wei, WU Tan, et al. Calculation and analysis on the different vertical deformation of super highrise hybrid building structures[J]. Building Structure, 2011,41(8):49-53. (In Chinese)
[10]趙漢青, 賀世偉, 潘文,等. 高層框架核心筒結(jié)構(gòu)考慮加載方式及混凝土收縮徐變影響下的豎向位移差分析[J].科學(xué)技術(shù)與工程,2012,12(12):3005-3009.
ZHAO Hanqing, HE Shiwei, PAN Wen, et al. Vertical deformation analysis on mixed structure considering the load simulation methods and the timevarying performance of concrete[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2012,12(12):3005-3009. (In Chinese)
[11]林超偉,王興法,陳勤,等. 長富金茂大廈混凝土收縮徐變分析及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)[J].建筑結(jié)構(gòu),2011,41(5):43-45,59.
LIN Chaowei, WANG Xingfa, CHEN Qin, et al. Structural design and concrete shrinkage and creep analysis of Changfu Jinmao Building[J]. Building Structure, 2011,41(5):43-45,59. (In Chinese)
[12]肖汝誠.橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)分析及程序系統(tǒng)[M]. 北京:人民交通出版社,2002:160-161.
XIAO Rucheng. Structural analysis and program system of bridges[M]. Beijing: China Communications Press, 2002:160-161. (In Chinese)
[13]JTG D62—2004公路鋼筋混凝土及預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋涵設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范[S]. 北京:人民交通出版社, 2004:118-120.