產(chǎn)科DIC子宮切除術(shù)的手術(shù)室急救護(hù)理探析
曾 爽
目的探討產(chǎn)科DIC子宮切除術(shù)的手術(shù)室急救護(hù)理方法。方法選取產(chǎn)科DIC子宮切除術(shù)患者100例,隨機(jī)分為觀察組和對(duì)照組,每組患者均為50例,觀察組給予者針對(duì)性的急救護(hù)理,對(duì)照組給予常規(guī)急救護(hù)理,觀察兩組患者急救效果。結(jié)果觀察組患者經(jīng)過針對(duì)性的精心護(hù)理均成功脫離危險(xiǎn),平均住院(17.4±1.2)d后均痊愈出院,對(duì)照組患者中成功脫離危險(xiǎn)的有44例,6例死亡,其余患者平均住院(27.1±2.3)d后痊愈出院,兩組患者臨床救治成功率及住院時(shí)間比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論給予產(chǎn)科DIC子宮切除術(shù)的患者手術(shù)室針對(duì)性的精心護(hù)理,能夠有效降低手術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),有助于順利完成整個(gè)手術(shù),提高患者生存質(zhì)量。
產(chǎn)科DIC;子宮切除術(shù);手術(shù)室;急救護(hù)理
產(chǎn)科彌散性血管內(nèi)凝血(DIC)是一種由多種產(chǎn)科疾病引起的凝血功能障礙的綜合病癥[1],本病起病急,癥狀危重,多數(shù)情況下是因急性失血,沒有得到及時(shí)有效的搶救而引起[2-3],本研究主要探討產(chǎn)科DIC子宮切除術(shù)的手術(shù)室急救護(hù)理方法。
1.1 臨床資料
選擇手術(shù)室2010年1月~2013年12月產(chǎn)科DIC子宮切除術(shù)患者100例作為研究對(duì)象,隨機(jī)分為觀察組和對(duì)照組,每組患者均為50例,觀察組給予者針對(duì)性的急救護(hù)理,對(duì)照組給予常規(guī)急救護(hù)理,觀察組年齡21~36歲,平均年齡(28.7±5.2)歲,初產(chǎn)婦31例,經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦19例,對(duì)照組年齡22~36歲,平均年齡(28.4±5.8)歲,初產(chǎn)婦30例,經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦20例,兩組患者年齡、經(jīng)初產(chǎn)等一般病情方面比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 急救措施 患者立即行子宮切除術(shù),開展抗休克治療,快速輸入晶體、膠體,輸入濃縮紅細(xì)胞、新鮮冰凍血漿、纖維蛋白原等,嚴(yán)密觀察患者生命體征,根據(jù)患者具體情況采取相應(yīng)急救措施[4]。
1.2.2 護(hù)理方法 對(duì)照組患者采用常規(guī)急救護(hù)理方法,觀察組患者在此基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)針對(duì)性的護(hù)理措施,具體如下:(1)當(dāng)患者清醒時(shí),安慰鼓勵(lì)患者,穩(wěn)定患者情緒,使患者能夠配合治療,醫(yī)護(hù)人員注意討論患者病情如出血量、手術(shù)危險(xiǎn)性時(shí),注意盡量避免患者聽到,以免患者情緒激動(dòng),不利于搶救進(jìn)行。(2)護(hù)理人員密切觀察患者尿量和失血量、血壓、心率,對(duì)輸液和輸血量進(jìn)行正確計(jì)算,以指導(dǎo)擴(kuò)容。紗布?jí)|和紗布?jí)K的存血量,護(hù)理人要要做到心中有數(shù),手術(shù)出血量的估算主要依據(jù)吸引瓶中的血量、紗布?jí)|以及紗布?jí)K的用量,(3)迅速建立靜脈通路,快速輸血輸液,由于患者的有效循環(huán)血容量降低,外周靜脈塌陷,有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)靜脈穿刺困難,必要時(shí)可頸外靜脈穿刺。(4)護(hù)理人員要注意保持手術(shù)室溫度適宜,使患者處于溫暖的環(huán)境中。
1.3 評(píng)價(jià)方法
觀察兩組患者住院時(shí)間、成功脫險(xiǎn)率。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
觀察組患者50例,經(jīng)過針對(duì)性的精心護(hù)理均成功脫離危險(xiǎn),救治成功率100%,平均住院(17.4±1.2)d后均痊愈出院,對(duì)照組患者50例,成功脫離危險(xiǎn)的有44例,6例死亡,救治成功率88.0%,其余患者平均住院(27.1±2.3)d后痊愈出院,兩組患者臨床救治成功率及住院時(shí)間比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。
產(chǎn)科DIC搶救如不及時(shí)則會(huì)導(dǎo)致患者死亡[5],因而在臨床上,對(duì)于高危產(chǎn)婦要充分重視,精細(xì)做好準(zhǔn)備工作,要準(zhǔn)備好必要的止血藥品、止血用具,各種檢查項(xiàng)目要完善[6],如果一旦發(fā)生DIC,立即組織人員搶救。手術(shù)室護(hù)士要有效的執(zhí)行醫(yī)囑,嚴(yán)格各項(xiàng)操作規(guī)程,使患者在舒適的環(huán)境中接受治療,通過心理護(hù)理使患者獲得良好的心理狀態(tài),樹立戰(zhàn)勝疾病的信心,積極配合治療。本研究搜集手術(shù)室2010年1月~2013年12月產(chǎn)科DIC子宮切除術(shù)患者100例作為研究對(duì)象,進(jìn)行了分組護(hù)理,結(jié)果顯示,觀察組給予者針對(duì)性的急救護(hù)理,救治成功率及住院時(shí)間優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,說明給予產(chǎn)科DIC子宮切除術(shù)的患者手術(shù)室針對(duì)性的精心護(hù)理,能夠有效降低手術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),有助于順利完成整個(gè)手術(shù),提高患者生存質(zhì)量。
[1]楊小云.12例產(chǎn)科DIC子宮切除術(shù)的手術(shù)室急救護(hù)理研究[J].中外醫(yī)療,2013,32(13):149,151.
[2]樊小琴.31例產(chǎn)科DIC的臨床探討[J].現(xiàn)代醫(yī)院,2010,10(10):58-59.
[3]郭紅英.產(chǎn)后大出血患者行子宮切除術(shù)的護(hù)理體會(huì)[J].醫(yī)藥論壇雜志,2010(4):126-127.
[4]王躍軍,蔡立紅.22例產(chǎn)科急性DIC的臨床特點(diǎn)與護(hù)理[J].當(dāng)代護(hù)士(學(xué)術(shù)版),2008(3):66-67.
[5]陸艷.急診、門診護(hù)理對(duì)急救護(hù)理工作的探討[J].醫(yī)學(xué)信息(中旬刊),2011,24(5):1847-1847.
[6]梁路容.43例子宮切除患者的心理護(hù)理[J].醫(yī)學(xué)信息(上旬刊),2010,23(6):2250-2251.
The Emergency Nursing in Operation Room to Obstetric DIC Hysterectomy Patients
ZENG Shuang Operating room 2,Nanyang Central Hospital in He'nan,Nanyang 473000,China
ObjectiveTo explore the operation room emergency nursing method to obstetric DIC hysterectomy patients,find out more effective methods of care.Methods100 cases of obstetric DIC hysterectomy patients in our hospital were selected as research objects ,all patients were randomly divided into observation group(n=50) and control group(n=50),the control group receiving routine emergency nursing, the observation group receiving corresponding emergency nursing,the emergency effect of two groups were observed.Results50 cases in the observation group were successful out of danger by corresponding emergency nursing,were cured after the average length of (17.4±1.2)d,50 cases in the control group,44 cases were successful out of danger,6 cases were dead,the remaining patients were cured after the average length of (27.1±2.3)d,the differences of the success rate and the time of hospitalization between two groups were statistically significant(P< 0.05).ConclusionObstetric DIC hysterectomy patients in operation room with corresponding emergency nursing,can effectively reduce the operation risk,contributes to the successful completion of the operation,improve the quality of life of patients.
DIC of obstetrics,Hysterectomy,Operation room,Emergency nursing
R473.71
B
1674-9316(2015)29-0204-02
10.3969/j.issn.1674-9316.2015.29.149
473000南陽市中心醫(yī)院手術(shù)室二部