譚亭昭 陳宗祥 王建紅
1臨床資料
患者,男,53歲,因"左陰囊腫物3個(gè)月"于2009年3月就診我院。查體:左側(cè)附睪捫及2 cm×2 cm×1.5 cm腫物,表面欠光滑,質(zhì)地較硬,輕度壓痛。輔助檢查:彩超:左附睪體部可探及大小約1.3 cm×1.1 cm低回聲結(jié)節(jié),內(nèi)回聲不均勻。胸部CT:雙肺多發(fā)結(jié)節(jié)灶,考慮肺轉(zhuǎn)移可能性大。于2009年3月19日在硬膜外麻醉下行"左側(cè)睪丸、附睪及腫瘤切除術(shù)",術(shù)中見(jiàn):腫瘤大小約1.5 cm×1.5 cm,質(zhì)地硬,位于精索上,與睪丸有粘連。術(shù)后病理:左精索粘液腺癌(考慮轉(zhuǎn)移)。術(shù)后為尋原發(fā)灶,行電子結(jié)腸鏡、電子胃鏡、腹部及盆腔增強(qiáng)CT均未見(jiàn)異常。血腫瘤標(biāo)志物:CEA 11.86 ng/ml CA199 84.64 U/ml FREEPS/PSA-HYB 0.28 PSA-Hyb 0.68 ng/ml freePSA 0.19 ng/ml,高度懷疑消化系統(tǒng)來(lái)源的轉(zhuǎn)移性腫瘤。術(shù)后4個(gè)月再次復(fù)查腹部增強(qiáng)CT提示胰尾部占位。行彩超引導(dǎo)下穿刺活檢術(shù),病理:粘液腺癌。最終證實(shí)原發(fā)灶為胰腺來(lái)源。后給予積極全身化療,生存15個(gè)月,最后死于多臟器功能衰竭。
2討論
精索的轉(zhuǎn)移性腫瘤極為少見(jiàn),胰腺癌精索轉(zhuǎn)移的病例更為罕見(jiàn),至2005年日本全國(guó)共報(bào)道胰腺癌精索轉(zhuǎn)移14例[1],截止2012年我國(guó)共報(bào)道5例[2-5]。附睪轉(zhuǎn)移性腺癌的轉(zhuǎn)移途徑有血管、淋巴管、直接浸潤(rùn)、腹膜種植、逆行擴(kuò)展等[6],本例患者轉(zhuǎn)移途徑尚不能明確。以胰腺為原發(fā)灶的附睪轉(zhuǎn)移性腫瘤預(yù)后極差,目前尚未有生存期的報(bào)道。本例患者在胰腺原發(fā)灶癥狀未出現(xiàn)前就發(fā)生了遠(yuǎn)處轉(zhuǎn)移,但在積極給予以"吉西他濱、奧沙利鉑"等藥物為主的全身化療后獲得了15個(gè)月的生存期,大大超過(guò)了預(yù)期。因此,在臨床中發(fā)現(xiàn)精索轉(zhuǎn)移性腫瘤,應(yīng)高度懷疑胰腺來(lái)源,早期行根治性附睪腫物切除術(shù),如果患者身體條件許可,根據(jù)病情盡早行化療或放療。
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編輯/張燕