馬翠花,種靖慧,廖金鳳,林永敏,衛(wèi)佳,鄭國光(中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院血液學(xué)研究所血液病醫(yī)院,天津300020;2秦皇島市第一醫(yī)院)
mM-CSF及其剪切體對淋巴細(xì)胞白血病Ramos細(xì)胞增殖的抑制作用
馬翠花1,2,種靖慧1,廖金鳳1,林永敏1,衛(wèi)佳1,鄭國光1
(1中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院血液學(xué)研究所血液病醫(yī)院,天津300020;2秦皇島市第一醫(yī)院)
摘要:目的探討膜結(jié)合型巨噬細(xì)胞集落刺激因子(mM-CSF)及其剪切體(mM-CSF-Δ)對淋巴細(xì)胞白血病Ramos細(xì)胞增殖的抑制作用。方法采用Overlap PCR法構(gòu)建帶有mM-CSF的真核表達(dá)質(zhì)粒pTARGET-mM-CSF,再進(jìn)一步構(gòu)建胞內(nèi)區(qū)截短30個(gè)氨基酸的表達(dá)質(zhì)粒pTARGET-mM-CSF-Δ,并進(jìn)行PCR及DNA雙向測序鑒定。將空載體pTARGET、pTARGET-mM-CSF、pTARGET-mM-CSF-Δ質(zhì)粒分別轉(zhuǎn)染Ramos細(xì)胞,經(jīng)G418篩選穩(wěn)定表達(dá)細(xì)胞株,并用RT-PCR、Western blotting進(jìn)行鑒定; MTT法檢測細(xì)胞增殖,流式細(xì)胞儀檢測細(xì)胞周期。結(jié)果成功構(gòu)建了mM-CSF和mM-CSF-Δ的真核表達(dá)載體,獲得了穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞株Ramos-V、Ramos-M和Ramos-Δ。Ramos-M、Ramos-Δ、Ramos-V細(xì)胞增殖能力的OD值分別為0.413±0.014、0.384±0.019、0.463±0.037,Ramos-M細(xì)胞與Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞比較,Ramos-M、Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞分別與Ramos-V細(xì)胞比較,P<0.05或<0.01。Ramos-M、Ramos-Δ、Ramos-V細(xì)胞處于G0/G1期的比例分別為41.54%±1.22%、45.60%±1.09%、39.20%±1.53%,Ramos-M細(xì)胞與Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞比較,Ramos-M、Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞分別與Ramos-V細(xì)胞比較,P<0.05或<0.01。結(jié)論mM-CSF、mM-CSF-Δ均能抑制淋巴細(xì)胞白血病Ramos細(xì)胞增殖,且后者抑制作用更強(qiáng)。
關(guān)鍵詞:白血病; Ramos細(xì)胞;巨噬細(xì)胞集落刺激因子;膜結(jié)合型巨噬細(xì)胞集落刺激因子;剪切體;細(xì)胞增殖;細(xì)胞周期
細(xì)胞因子是傳遞細(xì)胞間通信的重要載體之一,其表達(dá)、定位發(fā)生改變會(huì)引起細(xì)胞間信號(hào)的異常傳遞。除了經(jīng)典的可溶性形式,許多細(xì)胞因子如TGF-α、干細(xì)胞因子等,還以膜結(jié)合形式存在,并與其受體通過并置性作用機(jī)制參與鄰近細(xì)胞之間的細(xì)胞通信[1]。巨噬細(xì)胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)經(jīng)選擇性剪接可產(chǎn)生3種異構(gòu)體,即膜結(jié)合型CSF (mM-CSF)、分泌型CSF(sM-CSF)和基質(zhì)型CSF (PG-M-CSF)[2]。mM-CSF作為膜結(jié)合型細(xì)胞因子,其異常表達(dá)與血液腫瘤細(xì)胞的關(guān)系備受關(guān)注。本研究旨在探討mM-CSF對淋巴細(xì)胞白血病Ramos細(xì)胞增殖的影響及其機(jī)制。
1.1主要試劑RPMI1640培養(yǎng)基購自Gibco公司,TRIzol、MML-V試劑和LipofectamineTM2000均購自美國Invitrogen公司。Ex Taq DNA聚合酶、T4DNA連接酶、PyrobestTMDNA聚合酶、質(zhì)粒提取和膠回收試劑盒均購自TaKaRa公司,PCR擴(kuò)增引物的合成與DNA測序均由上海生工公司完成,Anti-MCSF抗體購自R&D公司,Super-Signal West Pico化學(xué)發(fā)光試劑盒購自美國Pierce公司,G418和MTT購自Sigma公司。
1.2pTARGET-mM-CSF和pTARGET-mM-CSF-Δ真核表達(dá)載體的構(gòu)建用Overlap PCR方法獲得mM-CSF序列。以含有M-CSF基因的pCDNA3.0質(zhì)粒(購自Santa公司)為模板,分別擴(kuò)增、純化出mMCSF的兩段編碼序列mM-CSF1(Forward為5'-ACCGCTCGAGGCCCGTATGACCGCGCCG-3',Reverse為5'-CTCATGGCCTTGGCTGGA-3';片段大小543 bp)和mM-CSF2(Forward為5'-TCCAGCCAAGGCCATGAG-3',Reverse為5'-ACGGGGTACCCTACACTGGCAGTTCCACC-3';片段大小228 bp),然后以它們的混合物為模板用mM-CSF的克隆引物(Forward為5'-ACCGCTCGAGGCCCGTATGACCGCGCCG-3',Reverse為5'-ACGGGGTACCCTACACTGGCAGTTCCACC-3';片段大小771 bp)擴(kuò)增出完整的mM-CSF序列。再以mM-CSF序列為模板,應(yīng)用mM-CSF-Δ的克隆引物(Forward為5'-ACCGCTCGAGGCCCGTATGACCGCGCCG-3',Reverse為5'-ACGGGGTACCCTAGCTCCTCCGCCTCCACC-3';片段大小681 bp)擴(kuò)增胞內(nèi)區(qū)編碼30個(gè)氨基酸的基因片段獲得mM-CSF-Δ序列。以上PCR反應(yīng)步驟均如下:用高保真PyrobestTMDNA聚合酶進(jìn)行PCR;94℃預(yù)變性5 min;94℃變性30 s,55℃退火40 s,72℃延伸1 min,30個(gè)循環(huán)后72℃7 min結(jié)束反應(yīng)。分別膠回收帶有mM-CSF和mM-CSF-Δ序列的PCR產(chǎn)物,經(jīng)XhoⅠ和KpnⅠ雙酶切并與pTARGET載體連接,轉(zhuǎn)化感受態(tài)E.coli DH5α,篩選陽性克隆,提取質(zhì)粒,進(jìn)行PCR鑒定及DNA雙向測序鑒定。PCR鑒定插入片段大小正確(圖1),DNA測序正確。
1.3細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染、篩選及鑒定Ramos細(xì)胞(由本室保存)用含10%胎牛血清(FBS)的RPMI1640培養(yǎng)液在37℃、5%CO2、飽和濕度下培養(yǎng)。選取對數(shù)生長期細(xì)胞進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。24孔板每孔接種5×105個(gè)Ramos細(xì)胞,懸于500 μL無抗生素、含10% FBS的1640培養(yǎng)液,按照LipofectamineTM2000說明書進(jìn)行操作,將空載體pTARGET、pTARGET-mM-CSF、pTARGET-mMCSF-Δ質(zhì)粒分別轉(zhuǎn)染Ramos細(xì)胞,分別命名為Ramos-V、Ramos-M和Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞。轉(zhuǎn)染后48 h,加入1 400 μg/mL G418進(jìn)行篩選,每2 d換液1次,篩選后的第14天將細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移至25 mL的培養(yǎng)瓶。穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)染的細(xì)胞株采用RT-PCR和Western blotting進(jìn)行鑒定。收集Ramos-V、Ramos-M和Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞,用RT-PCR檢測mM-CSF、mM-CSF-Δ(mM-CSF鑒定引物Forward為5'-GCGCTTCAGAGATAACACC-3',Reverse為5'-CCTCCGCCTCCACCTGTAGA-3';片段大小382 bp)和質(zhì)粒自身的Neo基因(Forward為5'-GGTGGAGAGGCTATTCGGCT-3',Reverse為5'-GATAGAAGGCGATGCGCTGC-3';片段大小728 bp)。按產(chǎn)品說明書,用TRIzol提取細(xì)胞總RNA,并用MML-V反轉(zhuǎn)錄酶將1 μg總RNA反轉(zhuǎn)錄為cDNA,以甘油醛三磷酸脫氫酶(GAPDH)為內(nèi)參(Forward為5'-GAAGGTGAAGGTCGGAGTC-3',Reverse為5'-GAAGATGGTGATGGGATTTC-3';片段大小226 bp),取2 μL進(jìn)行PCR,進(jìn)行25個(gè)循環(huán),具體反應(yīng)條件同1.2,產(chǎn)物經(jīng)瓊脂糖凝膠電泳。收集Ramos-V、Ramos-M和Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞各5×106個(gè),分別加入裂解液提取總蛋白。樣品經(jīng)10% SDS-PAGE分離后,電轉(zhuǎn)至PVDF膜上,5%脫脂奶4℃封閉過夜,1∶200稀釋M-CSF抗體室溫孵育2 h,洗膜后1∶2 000稀釋二抗室溫孵育1 h,最后暗室中以化學(xué)發(fā)光法顯色,X線片曝光。RT-PCR在上述細(xì)胞株均能檢測出質(zhì)粒所帶Neo基因; mM-CSF和mM-CSF-Δ分別表達(dá)于Ramos-M和Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞中(圖2)。Western blotting從蛋白水平檢測發(fā)現(xiàn)mM-CSF和mM-CSF-Δ在穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞中表達(dá)(圖3)。
1.4細(xì)胞增殖檢測采用MTT法。收集并計(jì)數(shù)細(xì)胞,分別用含10% FBS的RPMI1640培養(yǎng)液將細(xì)胞調(diào)整為1×105/mL,以每孔180 μL接種于96孔培養(yǎng)板,培養(yǎng)44 h后加入20 μL MTT(5 mg/mL)繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)4 h,離心后除去上清加入150 μL DMSO振蕩10 min后使用酶標(biāo)儀檢測每孔于546 nm波長處的光密度(OD)值,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果取5孔的均值。
1.5細(xì)胞周期檢測收集并計(jì)數(shù)已培養(yǎng)48 h的Ramos-V、Ramos-M和Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞各1×106cells,PBS洗1次,70%乙醇4℃固定24 h,離心棄上清,加RNaseA 5 μL(10 μg/μL),室溫孵育15 min后加200 μL PI,避光室溫孵育30 min,流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測細(xì)胞周期。
1.6統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法采用SPSS13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件。計(jì)量資料以珋x±s表示,組間比較采用方差分析,兩兩比較采用SNK法。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
Ramos-M、Ramos-Δ、Ramos-V細(xì)胞增殖能力的OD值分別為0.413±0.014、0.384±0.019、0.463 ±0.037,Ramos-M細(xì)胞與Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞比較,Ramos-M、Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞分別與Ramos-V細(xì)胞比較,P<0.05或<0.01。Ramos-M、Ramos-Δ、Ramos-V細(xì)胞處于G0/G1期的比例分別為41.54%±1.22%、45.60%±1.09%、39.20%±1.53%,Ramos-M細(xì)胞與Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞比較,Ramos-M、Ramos-Δ細(xì)胞分別與Ramos-V細(xì)胞比較,P<0.05或<0.01。
M-CSF又稱集落刺激因子1(CSF-1),經(jīng)選擇性剪接形成的3種異構(gòu)體均是c-fms原癌基因編碼跨膜糖蛋白M-CSF受體的配體[3]。其中,sM-CSF前體含外顯子編碼的蛋白酶切位點(diǎn),可以被蛋白酶切釋放sM-CSF;但人mM-CSF前體分子缺乏相應(yīng)的蛋白酶切位點(diǎn)而形成膜結(jié)合的形式[2]。M-CSF被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)多功能的細(xì)胞因子,不僅在造血系統(tǒng)中擔(dān)負(fù)著調(diào)節(jié)單核/巨噬細(xì)胞增殖、分化等功能,而且還在婦科腫瘤、骨代謝、炎癥反應(yīng)、甲狀腺癌、前列腺癌及一些中樞系統(tǒng)疾病中發(fā)揮重要作用[4~6]。
巨噬細(xì)胞是一種重要的免疫細(xì)胞,在不同的微環(huán)境被多種細(xì)胞因子或趨化因子活化形成不同的表型[7,8],在腫瘤發(fā)展過程中充當(dāng)一把“雙刃劍”。直腸癌微環(huán)境中的腫瘤相關(guān)巨噬細(xì)胞(TAM)通過分泌TNF-α、IL-6來增強(qiáng)腫瘤細(xì)胞的浸潤、轉(zhuǎn)移能力,促進(jìn)腫瘤的進(jìn)展[9]。研究[10]報(bào)道,TAM的分化也能被INF-γ抑制,降低膽囊癌中VEGF的濃度,減少膽囊癌血管產(chǎn)生,從而抑制膽囊癌的進(jìn)展。mM-CSF作為細(xì)胞因子中的一員,對巨噬細(xì)胞功能極化的影響是腫瘤發(fā)展進(jìn)程的關(guān)鍵。在肝癌、神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤及乳腺癌中均發(fā)現(xiàn),表達(dá)mM-CSF的腫瘤細(xì)胞能夠引起巨噬細(xì)胞的抗腫瘤免疫效應(yīng)[11~13];而mM-CSF與其受體介導(dǎo)的并置性刺激作用卻可促進(jìn)血液惡性細(xì)胞增殖[1],而且它可以通過異?;罨奘杉?xì)胞對血液系統(tǒng)惡性腫瘤的發(fā)展起促進(jìn)作用[14]。mM-CSF在不同微環(huán)境中發(fā)揮不同作用,其機(jī)制越來越受到關(guān)注。
本文在不表達(dá)M-CSF受體的Ramos細(xì)胞中分別構(gòu)建了穩(wěn)定表達(dá)mM-CSF及胞內(nèi)區(qū)截短30個(gè)氨基酸的mM-CSF(mM-CSF-Δ)細(xì)胞株,mM-CSF、mMCSF-Δ均能抑制淋巴細(xì)胞白血病Ramos細(xì)胞增殖,且后者抑制作用更強(qiáng)??梢?,mM-CSF胞外區(qū)抑制Ramos細(xì)胞增殖作用更明顯,這為進(jìn)一步深入研究mM-CSF在惡性腫瘤中的作用機(jī)制奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
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Inhibitory effect of mM-CSF and its spliceosome on proliferation of lymphocytic leukemia cell line Ramos
MA Cui-hua1,CHONG Jing-hui,LIAO Jin-feng,LIN Yong-min,WEI Jia,ZHENG Guo-guang
(1 Institute of Hematology&Blood Diseases Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Tianjin 300020,China)
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effect of membrane-bound macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mM-CSF) and its spliceosome (mM-CSF-Δ) on proliferation of lymphocytic leukemia cell line Ramos.Methods The eukaryotic expression plasmid of pTARGET-mM-CSF with mM-CSF was constructed with Overlap PCR,and then pTARGET-mM-CSF-Δ of 30 amino acide located in the intracellular region of brachytmema mutation was obtained; and meanwhile,they were identified by PCR and DNA sequencing.The empty vector pTARGET,pTARGET-mM-CSF and pTARGET-mM-CSF-Δ plasmid were transfected into Ramos cells,the cell line with stable expression was screened by G418 and was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.Proliferation and cell cycle of these stably transfected cells were detected by MTT and flow cytometry.Results The mM-CSF and mM-CSF-Δ eukaryotic expression vectors were successfully constructed.The stable transfectants Ramos-V,Ramos-M and Ramos-Δ were obtained.The OD of proliferation ability of Ramos-M,Ramos-Δ and Ramos-V were 0.413±0.014,0.384±0.019 and 0.463±0.037,respectively.Significant difference was found between the cell lines of Ramos-M and Ramos-Δ,among the cell lines of Ramos-M,Ramos-Δ and Ramos-V,respectively (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The proportion of G0/G1phases of Ramos-M,Ramos-Δ and Ramos-V cells were 41.54%±1.22%,45.60%±1.09% and 39.20%±1.53%,respectively.Significant difference was found betweenbook=2,ebook=121Ramos-M and Ramos-Δ cells,among Ramos-M,Ramos-Δ and Ramos-V cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion mM-CSF and mM-CSF-Δ may inhibit the proliferation of lymphocytic leukemia cell line Ramos and the inhibitory effect of the latter is stronger.
Key words:leukemia; Ramos cells; macrophage colony-stimulating factor; membrane-bound macrophage colonystimulating factor; spliceosome; cell proliferation; cell cycle
(收稿日期:2015-03-25)
通信作者簡介:鄭國光(1967-),男,博士,研究員,研究方向?yàn)檠杭?xì)胞生物學(xué)、分子生物學(xué)。E-mail: zhengggtjchn@ aliyun.com
作者簡介:第一馬翠花(1981-),女,博士,助理研究員,研究方向?yàn)榉肿由飳W(xué)。E-mail: michellemch@163.com
基金項(xiàng)目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(81170511,81370634) ;教育部新世紀(jì)優(yōu)秀人才計(jì)劃(NCET-08-0329)。
文章編號(hào):1002-266X(2015)19-0001-04
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
中圖分類號(hào):R737.33
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2015.19.001