[摘要]語法教學(xué)在英語教學(xué)中占有舉足輕重的地位。語法教學(xué)不應(yīng)是枯燥的規(guī)則講解加上機(jī)械的句型操練。在新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理念下， 教師應(yīng)致力于把語法教學(xué)與學(xué)生語言運(yùn)用能力的提高有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來， 針對不同的教學(xué)內(nèi)容、教學(xué)對象， 設(shè)定不同的教學(xué)目標(biāo)并采用不同的教學(xué)任務(wù)和教學(xué)方法， 激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，讓學(xué)生積極地參與到學(xué)習(xí)過程當(dāng)中，這樣才能發(fā)展學(xué)生的綜合運(yùn)用語言能力。

[關(guān)鍵詞]語法教學(xué)寓教于樂語境定語從句

[中圖分類號]G633.41[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼]A[文章編號]16746058（2015）040009

語法是中學(xué)英語教學(xué)的重要內(nèi)容之一，對語法的考查貫穿高考英語試卷，語法教學(xué)在英語教學(xué)中也占有舉足輕重的地位。沒有語法規(guī)則的規(guī)范和修飾，學(xué)生很難成為地道的英語使用者。而在語法教學(xué)中要顯出其趣味性，這一直是英語教學(xué)者為之頭痛的問題。在語法課中如何更好地發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主觀能動(dòng)性和積極性，增強(qiáng)師生之間的互動(dòng)，使抽象的語法變得通俗易懂，從而增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的英語交際能力？筆者針對這一個(gè)值得廣大教師深入探討的問題，以筆者自己所上的一節(jié)公開課NSEFC Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes的語法教學(xué)為實(shí)例，談?wù)動(dòng)⒄Z語法教學(xué)的一些做法及體會。

一、課堂設(shè)計(jì)及其說明

Earthquakes單元的中心話題是“地震”，內(nèi)容涉及“中國唐山地震的不眠之夜”、“美國舊金山1906年地震”、“地震后重建的新唐山”、“地震的基本知識”、“在地震或突遇的災(zāi)難中如何自救、救人”等。本單元的語言知識和技能都是緊密圍繞這一主題進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的。“語言學(xué)習(xí)”（Learning about language）部分由“詞匯學(xué)習(xí)” 和“語法學(xué)習(xí)”兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容組成。“語法學(xué)習(xí)”部分主要是幫助學(xué)生了解、熟悉并初步掌握由關(guān)系代詞（that， which， who， whose）引導(dǎo)的定語從句。基于以上分析，將語法教學(xué)進(jìn)行如下設(shè)計(jì)：

Task 1.Leadin

此環(huán)節(jié)是語法教授前的“熱身運(yùn)動(dòng)”，教師根據(jù)定語從句這一核心內(nèi)容，在課堂伊始，以學(xué)生熟悉的事物導(dǎo)入，用PPT展示含有定語從句的句子，讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行猜測游戲。

1.He is a popular ChineseAmerican basketball player who/that plays on one of NBA Teams， Huston Rockets.

2.He was an American famous singer， whose skin was changed from black to white.

3.He is the first black American who/whom/that the American people have elected as president for a second term.

4.It is a flower which/that Obama sends to his wife to show his love.

5.It is a kind of rice noodles which/that is popular in Nanning.

6.It is a mountain which/that stands near our school.

7.It is a city which/that is well known for its green surroundings and beautiful folk songs.

（設(shè)計(jì)說明：以學(xué)生熟悉的事物作為導(dǎo)入，不但拉近了教師與學(xué)生的距離，調(diào)動(dòng)了學(xué)生參與課堂的積極性，而且巧妙地把學(xué)生的思維活動(dòng)引導(dǎo)到即將開展的主題上。）

Task 2.Presentation

Enjoy some proverbs with the Attributive Clause.

1.God helps those who help themselves.

2.All that glitters is not gold.

3.He who laughs last laughs best.

4.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

5.Dont cut down the tree which gives you shade.

（設(shè)計(jì)說明：教師用5個(gè)含有定語從句的諺語讓學(xué)生欣賞，雖是英文的表達(dá)，卻是學(xué)生耳熟能詳?shù)闹袊V語。學(xué)生在這一環(huán)節(jié)中都表現(xiàn)出很高的熱情。同時(shí)還可以在比較真實(shí)的情境中豐富學(xué)生的語言知識，并且讓學(xué)生初步體驗(yàn)到定語從句不只是課本上的語法，它完全可以運(yùn)用到日常生活當(dāng)中描寫平日所見的人和物。）

Task 3. Discover

1.Learn the structure of the Attributive Clause.

What is the Attributive Clause？ （名詞/代詞+定語從句）

Enjoy a song named Thats Why（Give the lyrics to the students） to distinguish the Attributive Clause.

Thats Why （You Go Away）

Sung By “Michael Learns to Rock”

Baby， wont you tell me why there is sadness in your eyes

I dont wanna say goodbye to you

[作者簡介]徐永霞，中學(xué)英語一級教師，南寧市教學(xué)骨干，2012、2013年廣西中小學(xué)外語教學(xué)教研先進(jìn)個(gè)人。2011年獲廣西高中英語教學(xué)能手課堂評比最佳教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)獎(jiǎng)，2012年獲第八屆全國高中英語課堂教學(xué)觀摩研討活動(dòng)課例評選及現(xiàn)場課例展示一等獎(jiǎng)。

Love is one big illusion that I should try to forget

But there is something left in my head

Youre the one who set it up

Now youre the one to make it stop

Im the one whos feeling lost right now

Now you want me to forget every little thing that you said

But there is something left in my head

I wont forget the way that youre kissing

The feelings so strong

Well lasting for so long

But Im not the man that your heart is missing

Thats why you go away， I know

（設(shè)計(jì)說明：教師將之前猜測游戲和諺語中出現(xiàn)的含有定語從句的句子全部展示在PPT上，學(xué)生非常直觀地觀察所給例句。通過大量例句的輸入和教師的提示，學(xué)生輕松地歸納出定語從句的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。在聽歌辨定從的環(huán)節(jié)中，學(xué)生置身于歌曲的世界，一邊欣賞一邊辨認(rèn)，在輕松愉悅的狀態(tài)下非常容易便完成了該任務(wù)。）

2.Learn the usage of the relative pronouns： which， who， whom， that， whose.

在這一環(huán)節(jié)中，教師運(yùn)用不同的方式再次呈現(xiàn)猜測游戲、諺語和歌曲中出現(xiàn)的含有定語從句的句子并配上與學(xué)生日常生活和課本內(nèi)容有關(guān)的練習(xí)，如：

（1）Dont cut down the tree which/that gives you shade.

= Dont cut down the tree.

The tree gives you shade.

（2） It is a flower which/that Obama sends to his wife to show his love.

= It is a flower.

Obama sends the flower to his wife to show his love.

（3）He is a popular ChineseAmerican basketball player who/that plays on one of NBA Teams， Huston Rockets.

= He is a popular ChineseAmerican basketball player.

The ChineseAmerican basketball player plays on one of NBA Teams， Huston Rockets.

（4）Im not the man who/whom/that your heart is missing.

= Im not the man.

Your heart is missing the man.

（5）Giraffe is an animal whose neck is very long.

= Giraffe is an animal.

Giraffes neck is very long.

（6）M.J. was an American famous singer， whose skin was changed from black to white.

= M.J.was an American famous singer.

M.J.s skin was changed from black to white.

練習(xí)：

1.Wenchuan is the place was destroyed by an earthquake on May 12，2008.

2.English is a language is spoken around the world.

3.The number of people in Tangshan were killed or seriously injured reached over 400，000.

4.Sun Yang is a sportsman is the first Chinese to win the Olympic gold medal in swimming.

5.Nelson Mandela is a great black man people around the world think highly of .

6.Anne best friend was her diary was a Jewish girl.