徐恩惠

【Abstract】In the course of cross-cultural communication， the translation of humorous language is attached huge importance by so many scholars. Some people think that humor can barely be translated well just like poem. However， its undoubtedly that humor is translatable as long as proper translating strategies are adopted. In this way， people with different nationalities are entitled to share the humor together. In this paper， the author analyzes the American sitcom Friends and the humorous dialogue subtitling with compensation strategies under the Theory of Functional Equivalence.

【Key words】Friends； Humorous dialogue subtitling； Functional Equivalence

【摘 要】幽默語言的翻譯在跨文化交際中受到了許多學者的重視。但有些人認為，幽默像詩歌一樣是不可譯的。本文認為，毫無疑問幽默是具有可譯性的。只要采取恰當?shù)姆g策略，不同國家的人們就能夠共享幽默。該文以美國情景喜劇《老友記》為研究對象，以“功能對等”理論為知道理論，同時又依托補償策略對情景劇中幽默對白字幕翻譯進行分析研究。

【關(guān)鍵詞】《老友記》；幽默的對白字幕；功能對等

1 Introduction

Sitcoms are a series of comedic melodramas which take place under specific situation and character relationships. Many scholars think that the plots of sitcoms are of no social values and they dont deserve analysis and study. By contrast， many sitcoms rightly own profound connotations. Sitcom can reflect the so many contradictions， conflicts， confusion， hopes and aspiration with its special means.

Friends is a sitcom winning great success around the world. “In the recent 10 years， Friends has almost become a repertoire on the nomination list of American Emmy Awards for comedic TV plays； and it always keeps within the top ten on the ranking list of NBC ”.

2 Humors Origin and Definition

What on earth the humor is？ It is considered to be a kind of language form as well as a kind of artistic method. Actually， the Greek word Humere is the real source of humor. The master of Chinese culture Lin Yutang introduced “humor” to China， therefore it is used more frequently. In the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English， it is defined as： 1. “the quality in something that makes it funny”； 2. “the way that a particular person or group finds certain things amusing”. Humor is amusing， inherent and meaningful.

3 Humorous Subtitling Translations in Friends

Friends is a representative of US TV series. The classic dialogues which are full of “American humor” and fascinating plots are reactions of American culture， social life， mode of thinking and national practices. With the assistance of this sitcom， we are able to develop a better understanding of “American humor”.

Eg. （The 15th episode in season 1）

Chandler： it doesnt matter. I just dont want to be a guy who sits in his office until 12 oclock at night worrying about the VENUS.

錢德勒：沒關(guān)系，我不想成為一直坐在辦公室直到午夜擔心“VENUS”的人。

Rachel： the “VENUS？”

瑞秋：VENUS？

Chandler： weekly estimated net usage system. Its a processing term.

錢德勒：“每周估量凈值使用系統(tǒng)”，這是個電腦處理的術(shù)語。

Rachel： oh， that “VENUS”

瑞秋：哦，是那個“VENUS”

The key point of humor lies in “VENUS”. In English， “VENUS” can refer to the goddess “venus”， but what Chandler talks about is a processing term. People dont know the term and mistake it for the goddess “venus”. They cant understand the relationship between “venus” and his work. That is where the bursting point is. In fact， “VENUS” can simply be translated into Chinese “wei na si”， which is acceptable for most Chinese viewers. The translator dont need to explain who is “wei na si” because Chinese viewers know it as a common sense.

錢德勒：我不在乎，我不想成為坐在辦公室里直到午夜一直在擔心“維納式”的人。

瑞秋：維納斯？

錢德勒：就是維持系統(tǒng)正常運轉(zhuǎn)納入量程式，這是一個數(shù)據(jù)處理的術(shù)語。

瑞秋：哦，那個“維納式”。

The analysis of Functional Equivalence Theory in Friends

In fact， in sitcoms subtitling translation， functional equivalence serves as an effective instructing theory. Functional theory is the core of Nidas translation theory. Different languages can communicate with each other through looking for appropriate translating equivalent sentences. However， no matter what it is， in language communication or interlingual communication， there is no absolute equivalence between two different discourses. The only thing a translator can do is to find “a proper natural equivalence”， this is functional equivalence.

The humorous dialogues in Friends are placed under the western environment， involving politics， economics， and culture etc. So the American may laugh but the Chinese may not. Therefore， simply literally translating scripts with no mistake still cant bring the humor in sitcoms to Chinese viewers. By contrast， Chinese viewer are able to feel the real humorous atmosphere if the translator change his translating way， language structure or vocabulary from time to time.

Eg. （The 5th episode in season 1）

Phoebe： are you gonna go over there？

菲比：你想去那兒嗎？

Joey： no. Yean. No. Okay， but not yet. I dont wanna seem too eager. One Mississippi， two Mississippi…three Mississippi. That seems pretty cool.

喬伊：不，我不。我不想顯得太想過去了。一個密西西比，兩個密西西比，三個密西西比?？雌饋碚媸强?。

Actually， “one Mississippi， two Mississippi， three Mississippi” is a counting method used by football players before kick-off. But Chinese viewers have no idea of the background of Mississippi. So if we translate it to “一、二、三”，the chances are that we get a better humorous effect.

4 Conclusion

This paper takes American sitcom Friends as the chief source， paying a lot attention to the humorous dialogues subtitling translation and the usage of compensation strategy in translation. The eastern humor is implicative， while the western culture is open and hospitable. The difference of language， culture and mode of thinking lead to some vacancy of source language definition， resulting in Chinese viewers failure in accepting original humor. But it does not mean humors untranstability. On the contrary， translation can be done well with the help of various methods， especially the compensation strategy.

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