甘園園 何曉琴 徐細(xì)明武漢大學(xué)人民醫(yī):腫瘤科,湖北武漢430060
長(zhǎng)鏈非編碼RNA SUMO 1P3對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞惡性生物學(xué)行為的影響
甘園園何曉琴徐細(xì)明▲
武漢大學(xué)人民醫(yī):腫瘤科,湖北武漢430060
目的探討長(zhǎng)鏈非編碼RNA SUMO1P3對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞惡性生物學(xué)行為的影響。方法收集40例來自武漢大學(xué)人民醫(yī):肝癌患者手術(shù)后肝癌及其癌旁組織標(biāo)本,人肝癌細(xì)胞系和正常肝細(xì)胞由武漢大學(xué)人民醫(yī):中心實(shí)驗(yàn)室保存。采用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR技術(shù)(RT-PCR)檢測(cè)SUMO1P3在肝癌及癌旁組織、肝癌細(xì)胞及正常肝細(xì)胞中表達(dá)情況。實(shí)驗(yàn)分為si-NC組和si-SUMO1P3組,應(yīng)用小干擾RNA(siRNA)轉(zhuǎn)染HepG2細(xì)胞,分別以CCK8法、流式細(xì)胞術(shù)、劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)及Transwell侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測(cè)下調(diào)SUMO1P3對(duì)HepG2細(xì)胞增殖、凋亡及侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移的影響。結(jié)果SUMO1P3在肝癌組織中較對(duì)應(yīng)的癌旁組織顯著高表達(dá)(P<0.05);SUMO1P3在肝癌細(xì)胞株中較正常肝細(xì)胞顯著高表達(dá)(P<0.05)。肝癌細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染48 h后si-SUMO1P3組較si-NC組SUMO1P3表達(dá)明顯下調(diào)(P<0.05);CCK8實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示,si-SUMO1P3組轉(zhuǎn)染24、48、72、96 h后吸光度值均低于si-NC組(P<0.05);流式細(xì)胞術(shù)顯示,si-SUMO1P3組細(xì)胞凋亡率高于si-NC組(P<0.05);劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,si-SUMO1P3組細(xì)胞遷移抑制率高于si-NC組(P<0.05);Transwell實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,si-SUMO1P3組穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)明顯少于si-NC組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論LncRNA SUMO1P3可能與肝癌細(xì)胞的增殖、凋亡及侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移等生物學(xué)行為密切相關(guān)。
肝癌;長(zhǎng)鏈非編RNA;SUMO 1P3;生物學(xué)行為
[Avsteact]Ov jective To explore the effects of LncRNA SUMO1P3 on malignant biological behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.M ethods A total of 40 liver cancer tissues and their paracarcinoma tissueswere obtained from patientswho underwent radical resections in Renmin Hospital ofWuhan University.The liver cancer cells and normal cellwere preserved in Central Laboratory,Renmin Hospital ofWuhan University.RT-PCR technology was used to confirm the expression level of SUMO1P3 in tissues and cells.The experiment divided into si-NC group and si-SUMO1P3 group.After transfected siRNA into the HepG2 cells,cell counting kit 8,flow cytometry,wound healing and transwell chamberswere used to examine the proliferation,apoptosis,metastasis and the invasion ability.Results Compared with paracarcinoma tissues and normal liver cells,SUMO1P3 was significantly highly expressed in liver cancer tissues and cells(P<0.05).After transfected 48 h,compared with si-NC group,SUMO1P3 was down-regulated expression in si-SUMO1P3 group(P<0.05).CCK8 assay demonstrated that the absorbance values of si-SUMO1P3 group were lower than those of si-NC group after transfection 24,48,72,96 h(P<0.05).Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of si-SUMO1P3 group was significantly higher than that of si-NC group(P<0.05).Wound healing proved that the metastasis inhibiting rate of si-SUMO1P3 group wasmuch higher than the si-NC group(P<0.05).Transwell assay revealed that the number of cells through thewell in si-SUMO1P3 group were less than that in si-NC group(P<0.05). Conclusion LncRNA SUMO1P3may play an important role in proliferation,apoptosis,metastasis and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells,and can serve as an effective target for cancer gene therapy.
[Key woeds]Hepatocellular carcinoma;Long non-coding RNA;SUMO1P3;Biology behaviors
原發(fā)性肝癌是常見的消化道腫瘤,發(fā)病率和死亡率高,目前亟需尋找早期診斷和有效治療肝癌的新方法[1]。長(zhǎng)鏈非編RNA(Long noncoding RNA,LncRNA)是一種轉(zhuǎn)錄本大于200個(gè)核苷酸的RNA,可以通過表觀遺傳、轉(zhuǎn)錄及轉(zhuǎn)錄后調(diào)控等方式參與疾病的發(fā)生[2]。研究證實(shí),某些lncRNA在腫瘤的表達(dá)水平會(huì)發(fā)生特異性改變,可以作為診斷癌癥的標(biāo)志物和潛在的藥物作用靶點(diǎn)[3-4]。已有文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道lncRNA SUMO1P3在胃癌、膀胱癌中顯著高表達(dá),且能夠影響腫瘤細(xì)胞的增殖、凋亡及侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移[5-6]。本研究檢測(cè)肝癌組織和肝癌細(xì)胞中SUMO1P3表達(dá)水平,使用小干擾RNA技術(shù)下調(diào)肝癌細(xì)胞株HepG2中SUMO1P3的表達(dá),驗(yàn)證其對(duì)肝癌細(xì)胞生物學(xué)行為的影響,為肝癌診斷和治療提供依據(jù)。
1.1組織、細(xì)胞和主要試劑
肝癌及其癌旁組織標(biāo)本來自武漢大學(xué)人民醫(yī):手術(shù)肝癌患者。人肝癌細(xì)胞和正常肝細(xì)胞由武漢大學(xué)人民醫(yī):中心實(shí)驗(yàn)室保存。SUMO1P3引物為5'-GAACTGGGAATGGAGGAAGA-3'和5'-TGAGAAAGGATTGAGGGAAA-3',購自武漢巴菲爾生物公司。SUMO1P3小干擾RNA(siRNA)購自廣州市銳博生物公司,序列:5'-TGGCCCTGATGTTCTAGCATGTGAT-3'。
1.2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)、轉(zhuǎn)染及分組
HepG2細(xì)胞加入5 mL RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)液,放于5%CO2、37℃恒溫細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱中進(jìn)行培養(yǎng)。選取生長(zhǎng)狀態(tài)良好的細(xì)胞,以5×105個(gè)/孔的密度接種于6孔板,待細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)到60%~80%融合時(shí)使用無血清培養(yǎng)液進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)染。轉(zhuǎn)染后6 h換成含10%胎牛血清的培養(yǎng)液繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)。分為si-NC組和si-SUMO1P3組。
1.3CCK8法繪制細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)曲線
將各組HepG2細(xì)胞分別以4×103個(gè)/孔接種于96孔板,轉(zhuǎn)染后0、24、48、72、96 h每組取6孔,加入CCK8 10μL/100μL,37℃培養(yǎng)2 h后用全波段酶標(biāo)儀檢測(cè)波長(zhǎng)450 nm處的吸光度(A)值。
1.4流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)細(xì)胞凋亡
在轉(zhuǎn)染后48 h的HepG2中加入500μL緩沖液,5μL Annexin V-FITC和10μL的PI混勻,使用流式細(xì)胞儀測(cè)定細(xì)胞凋亡率。
1.5劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)
用10μL白色槍頭在轉(zhuǎn)染后的6孔板細(xì)胞底面進(jìn)行劃痕,加入無血清1640培養(yǎng)基繼續(xù)培養(yǎng),在0 h和24 h照相,測(cè)各組劃痕寬度,取平均值計(jì)算遷移抑制率。
1.6Transwell侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn)
Transwell上室鋪用Matrigel基質(zhì)膠600μL,將200μL轉(zhuǎn)染后的細(xì)胞懸液(5×104/L)加入上室,下室加600μL低血清的培養(yǎng)液培養(yǎng)24 h。結(jié)晶紫染色30min后在顯微鏡下拍照,最終以穿膜細(xì)胞的數(shù)目代表HepG2細(xì)胞的侵襲能力。
1.7統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 20.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計(jì)量資料數(shù)據(jù)用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,兩組間比較采用t檢驗(yàn);以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1LncRNASUMO 1P3在肝癌組織和肝癌細(xì)胞株中表達(dá)情況
采用RT-PCR技術(shù)檢測(cè)40例肝癌與癌旁標(biāo)本SUMO1P3表達(dá)水平,發(fā)現(xiàn)40對(duì)標(biāo)本中有29對(duì)(72.5%,29/40)標(biāo)本中肝癌比癌旁組織SUMO1P3高表達(dá),肝癌和癌旁組織SUMO1P3表達(dá)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(圖1)。培養(yǎng)人肝癌細(xì)胞系和正常肝細(xì)胞,使用RT-PCR技術(shù)檢測(cè)SUMO1P3表達(dá)水平,發(fā)現(xiàn)其在肝癌細(xì)胞系中顯著高表達(dá)(圖2),其中在HepG2細(xì)胞中表達(dá)最高,故后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)選擇使用HepG2細(xì)胞。
圖1 40例肝癌及癌旁組織SUMO1P3表達(dá)情況
圖2 肝癌細(xì)胞系和正常肝細(xì)胞SUMO1P3表達(dá)情況
2.2 siRNA對(duì)肝癌細(xì)胞內(nèi)SUMO 1P3表達(dá)的影響
在肝癌細(xì)胞株HepG2中進(jìn)行siRNA轉(zhuǎn)染,si-SUMO1P3組細(xì)胞內(nèi)SUMO1P3表達(dá)降低,為si-NC組的(24.33±3.15)%,兩組差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=25.01,P<0.05),見圖3。表明轉(zhuǎn)染SUMO1P3 siRNA可下調(diào)HepG2細(xì)胞內(nèi)SUMO1P3的表達(dá)。
圖3 RT-PCR檢測(cè)siRNA干擾后細(xì)胞SUMO1P3表達(dá)
2.3下調(diào)SUMO1P3對(duì)細(xì)胞增殖的影響
轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA SUMO1P3后,HepG2細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)明顯受到抑制,見圖4。轉(zhuǎn)染24、48、72、96 h后,si-NC組吸光度值分別為(0.5117±0.0035)、(1.0336±0.0097)、(1.3263±0.0081)、(1.6853±0.0073);si-SUMO1P3組吸光度值分別為(0.4533±0.0041)、(0.8446±0.0065)、(1.0512±0.0096)、(1.2363±0.0102);兩組吸光度值比較差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。
2.4下調(diào)SUMO1P3對(duì)細(xì)胞凋亡的影響
轉(zhuǎn)染48 h后,流式細(xì)胞術(shù)測(cè)得si-NC組細(xì)胞凋亡率為(13.59±1.36)%,si-SUMO1P3組細(xì)胞凋亡率為(38.28±3.41)%,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見圖5。
2.5下調(diào)SUMO1P3對(duì)細(xì)胞遷移的影響
轉(zhuǎn)染48 h,si-NC組細(xì)胞劃痕遷移率為(13.69± 0.15)%,si-SUMO1P3組細(xì)胞劃痕遷移率為(36.92±0.43)%,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見圖6。
圖4 SUMO1P3對(duì)肝癌細(xì)胞增殖的影響
圖5 SUMO1P3對(duì)肝癌細(xì)胞凋亡的影響
圖6 SUMO1P3對(duì)肝癌細(xì)胞遷移的影響
2.6下調(diào)SUMO 1P3對(duì)細(xì)胞侵襲的影響
轉(zhuǎn)染48 h后,si-NC組細(xì)胞穿膜個(gè)數(shù)為(119.00± 8.53)個(gè),si-SUMO1P3組細(xì)胞穿膜個(gè)數(shù)為(54.00± 7.12)個(gè),兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見圖7。
圖7 SUMO1P3對(duì)肝癌細(xì)胞侵襲的影響
原發(fā)性肝癌是人類常見的惡性腫瘤,其目前的治療手段有手術(shù)切除、放化療、靶向治療及生物治療等[7],但由于肝癌發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)大多已屬于晚期,治療效果不理想,總體5年生存率較低[8]。LncRNA是長(zhǎng)度大于200個(gè)核苷酸的非編碼RNA,是RNA聚合酶Ⅱ轉(zhuǎn)錄的副產(chǎn)物,起初被認(rèn)為是基因組轉(zhuǎn)錄的“噪音”,不具有生物學(xué)功能[9]。然而,大量研究表明,lncRNA參與了X染色體沉默、基因組印記以及染色質(zhì)修飾[10]、轉(zhuǎn)錄激活、轉(zhuǎn)錄干擾等多種重要的調(diào)控過程[11]。已有一些lncRNA被證明可作為肝癌的標(biāo)志物或預(yù)后因子[12],如肝癌高表達(dá)基因(HULC)[13]、同源異形盒基因(HOX)轉(zhuǎn)錄反義RNA(HOTAIR)[14]、肺腺癌轉(zhuǎn)移相關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)錄子1(MALATl)[15]、母系表達(dá)基因3(MEG3)[16]、H19等[17]。LncRNA種類繁多,作用方式多樣化,近期研究發(fā)現(xiàn)LincRNA UFC1能夠通過結(jié)合穩(wěn)定HuR mRNA從而活化β-Catenin,抑制肝癌細(xì)胞增殖[18]。LncRNA-ATB在被TGF-β活化后可以促進(jìn)EMT發(fā)生,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)肝癌細(xì)胞侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移[19]。而LncRNA-HOTAIR通過下調(diào)SETD2能夠促進(jìn)肝癌腫瘤干細(xì)胞增殖,導(dǎo)致化療耐藥的發(fā)生[20]。即使如此,當(dāng)前關(guān)于LncRNA在原發(fā)性肝癌中的認(rèn)知仍然非常有限。
SUMO1P3是小泛素樣修飾蛋白1假基因3(small ubiquitin-likemodifier 1 pseudogene 3)。已被證實(shí)SUMO1P3在胃癌組織中較對(duì)應(yīng)的癌旁組織顯著高表達(dá),其表達(dá)水平與腫瘤大小、組織分化、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移和侵襲等臨床病理特征相關(guān),表明SUMO1P3有可能是胃癌診斷的標(biāo)志物之一[5]。Zhan等[6]研究證實(shí),SUMO1P3在膀胱癌組織顯著高表達(dá),表達(dá)水平與組織分級(jí)和TNM分期相關(guān),在膀胱癌細(xì)胞中下調(diào)SUMO1P3能夠抑制癌細(xì)胞增殖和侵襲,促進(jìn)癌細(xì)胞凋亡。目前尚無關(guān)于SUMO1P3在肝癌中的研究。本研究利用RNA干擾技術(shù)干擾肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞中SUMO1P3的表達(dá),可見下調(diào)SUMO1P3能顯著抑制HepG2細(xì)胞的增殖和侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移,并促進(jìn)細(xì)胞凋亡,提示內(nèi)源性SUMO1P3在肝癌細(xì)胞惡性生物學(xué)行為中起著關(guān)鍵作用,SUMO1P3可能成為肝癌診斷和預(yù)后的監(jiān)測(cè)指標(biāo)及治療靶點(diǎn)。
綜上所述,SUMO1P3與肝癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展及轉(zhuǎn)移密切相關(guān),干擾SUMO1P3的表達(dá)可抑制肝癌細(xì)胞的增殖和侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移,并促進(jìn)細(xì)胞凋亡,相關(guān)的調(diào)控機(jī)制還有待進(jìn)一步研究證實(shí)。
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Effects of long non-coding RNA SUMO1P3 on malignant viological vehavioes of hepatocellulae caecinoma HepG2 cells
GAN Yuanyuan HE Xiaoqin XU Ximing
Department of Oncology,Renmin Hospital ofWuhan University,Hubei Province,Wuhan 430060,China
R735.7
A
1674-4721(2016)08(c)-0031-05▲
2016-04-22本文編輯:程銘)
湖北省自然科學(xué)基金(2012FKC14301)。
甘園園(1989.12-),女,武漢大學(xué)人民醫(yī):2014級(jí)腫瘤學(xué)專業(yè)在讀碩士研究生;研究方向:肝癌發(fā)病機(jī)制。