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例析任務(wù)型閱讀題的解題技巧

2017-02-09 14:44:08吳濤
中學(xué)課程輔導(dǎo)高考版·學(xué)生版 2017年1期
關(guān)鍵詞:空格表格短語

2016年高考江蘇卷任務(wù)型閱讀以因特網(wǎng)可以拓寬社會義肢系統(tǒng)的范圍為主題,從概念定義、社會作用、影響類型等角度考查了考生在信息檢索、內(nèi)容歸納、語言結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的知識與能力。考生普遍反映2016年高考任務(wù)型閱讀難度是最大的。文章語言流暢,句子長度適中,理解起來難度不大,但題目需要?dú)w納總結(jié)的地方較多,考生答題的時(shí)間比較緊,所以仍然讓考生感到有些壓力。這一項(xiàng)仍然是制約考生分?jǐn)?shù)的“攔路虎”。

一、任務(wù)型閱讀的命題特點(diǎn)和要求

自2005年9月1日起江蘇省開始使用譯林出版社和牛津大學(xué)出版社聯(lián)合出版的高中英語課標(biāo)教材,特別重視學(xué)生“綜合語言應(yīng)用能力”的培養(yǎng),“著重提高學(xué)生用英語獲取信息、處理信息、分析問題和解決問題的能力”,“注重發(fā)展學(xué)生用英語進(jìn)行思維和表達(dá)的能力”。為體現(xiàn)高中英語課程和課標(biāo)教材采用的“任務(wù)型”教學(xué)途徑,2008年英語學(xué)科考試說明對考試題型、分值以及考試要求做了適當(dāng)改革,撤下了對話填空題,取而代之以讀寫相結(jié)合的任務(wù)型閱讀。在總結(jié)2008年高考命題經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,2009年英語學(xué)科考試說明對任務(wù)型閱讀提出了更為明確的要求。2010年以來,“考試說明”對任務(wù)型閱讀的要求做了調(diào)整,改為“根據(jù)所讀,用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語補(bǔ)全全文提綱,概括關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容?!比蝿?wù)型閱讀提供了兩種示范——樹狀式和表格式。江蘇2008年、2009年、2010年、2015年和2016年高考任務(wù)型閱讀為表格型; 江蘇2011年、2012年、2013年和2014年高考任務(wù)型閱讀為樹狀型。題型要求是根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~, 注意每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞或有限的幾個(gè)單詞。參考時(shí)間為15分鐘。其特點(diǎn)是考查考生對文中有效信息進(jìn)行二次加工,歸納要點(diǎn)、整合零散信息,并根據(jù)表格的形式把加工后的信息準(zhǔn)確、有序地表達(dá)出來。對于表格中所缺的單詞,命題者往往重實(shí)詞(動詞和名詞)的考查。題目的設(shè)置歸納起來可以分為以下三種類型:

1.信息捕捉題(基礎(chǔ)題) 要求學(xué)生能快速在文章中查找相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié),鎖定信息來源,并用文章中的詞或其適當(dāng)形式填空。信息捕捉題是基礎(chǔ)題目,一般可以直接通過將表格和短文進(jìn)行對照,邊讀文章邊找出與試題相關(guān)的句子信息,獲取到相關(guān)單詞,有時(shí)試題和原文句型句式不同,需進(jìn)行簡單的邏輯推理然后找到相應(yīng)單詞,不需變化,直接填入。如(2016年江蘇卷)71. Internet 原詞再現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第一段第四句Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face, and its clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems.可知因特網(wǎng)可以拓寬社會義肢系統(tǒng)的范圍,也就是說網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以彌補(bǔ)我們精神和情感上的缺陷。

屬于使用文章中的原詞。再如(2016年江蘇卷)75. heart / core 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第三段第二句“... which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning”可知網(wǎng)絡(luò)能讓我們找到事物的核心并理解其真正含義。故短語“the core / heart of the matter”和原文中“dig into the core”語義一致。

2.信息轉(zhuǎn)換題(活用題) 靈活考查學(xué)生在知識重組基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用多種表達(dá)方式表意的能力,突顯遣詞造句能力的考查。比如,用意義相同或相反的詞完成句子的能力。同時(shí),在限定一空一詞的要求下,更需要考生有逆向思維的能力。這種類型的題目一般不能直接在文章中找到題目給出的句子,需要考生在捕捉到相關(guān)信息之后,將捕捉到的信息進(jìn)行加工轉(zhuǎn)換。如(2016年江蘇卷)73. keeping 詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Once I look up something on the Internet, I dont need to keep all the details...”可知動詞短語“keep... in mind記住”,在表格中放在介詞without的后面,要使用動名詞keeping的形式。再如(2016年江蘇卷)74. all / different / various 同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第三段第一句The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large.可知原文中“matters small and large”就是“all / different / various”的事情。

3.信息綜合題(綜合概括題) 要求考生能夠準(zhǔn)確無誤地概括出文章的主題或行(欄)的標(biāo)題,考查學(xué)生概括與推斷的能力,歸納、抽象并提煉出文章主旨或者重要信息的能力,也就是在語篇結(jié)構(gòu)解讀基礎(chǔ)上的信息轉(zhuǎn)換能力。 如(2016年江蘇卷)77. judge 歸納總結(jié)。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.”而且在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上閱讀其他人的信息,讓我判斷我的行為是否合理,所以表格里使用動詞judge。再如(2016年江蘇卷)78. mixed / two 歸納總結(jié)。在文章最后兩段中既提到了智能手機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)也提到了其缺點(diǎn)。所以這是智能手機(jī)的正反兩方面內(nèi)容,所以使用形容詞“mixed / two”。

二、任務(wù)型閱讀的命題特點(diǎn)可歸納為以下三點(diǎn)

1.突出體現(xiàn)文章結(jié)構(gòu)與層次任務(wù)型讀寫與傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解題的主要不同就在于它對文章結(jié)構(gòu)和層次的體現(xiàn)。從大標(biāo)題(文章主題)到小標(biāo)題(論述的各個(gè)側(cè)面或分析列舉),再到各個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)或不同論據(jù),任務(wù)型讀寫以表格的形式形象地展現(xiàn)了文章的框架,讓學(xué)生對文章進(jìn)行了從“骨頭”到“血肉”的徹底分析。

2.強(qiáng)調(diào)捕捉與組織信息的能力。任務(wù)型讀寫設(shè)題的初衷是考查學(xué)生對信息的綜合加工和處理能力,其信息不僅體現(xiàn)在短文閱讀中,還體現(xiàn)在對表格信息的比較和理解中。綜合《考試說明》中的四種類型所體現(xiàn)的三類命題,即捕捉信息題、組織信息題和歸納信息題,較為恰當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)題比例一般是5∶3∶2。單就這一題型來講,兼顧了學(xué)生的不同層次,有覆蓋面也有區(qū)分度,從考查學(xué)生水平的角度來說,是比較科學(xué)和客觀的。

3.兼顧閱讀理解與文字表述的能力。任務(wù)型閱讀屬于主觀題范疇,故其在閱讀理解能力的考查之外,適當(dāng)向文字表達(dá)能力傾斜。所有的組織信息題,都需要考查對閱讀所得的信息進(jìn)行加工,同時(shí)兼顧空格前后的文字與句式來選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。在這一過程中,所有文字表述需要的知識點(diǎn)都會得到相應(yīng)的考查,例如主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、固定搭配等基礎(chǔ)的語言知識。

三、任務(wù)型閱讀常用詞匯及詞組轉(zhuǎn)換

1. 常用高頻詞匯

標(biāo)題、話題:title; topic;主題:theme;觀點(diǎn):ideas / opinions / views / thoughts;理由:reason / reasons; why;起因:cause; why;過程:process; course; procedure;結(jié)果:result / results; consequence / consequences;結(jié)論:conclusion;解決的辦法:solution;現(xiàn)象:phenomenon / phenomena;因素:factor / factors;建議:tip / tips; advice; suggestion / suggestions; instruction / instructions;優(yōu)點(diǎn)、好處:advantage / advantages; benefit / benefits;缺點(diǎn)、壞處:disadvantage / disadvantages;影響:influence / influences; effect / effects; (positive / negative);損失:damage / damages; harm / harms;地點(diǎn):place / location / where;情況:situation;事件:event;內(nèi)容:content;起源:origin;概要:summary;態(tài)度:attitude;評論:comment / comments; remark / remarks;分析:analysis / analyses;問題:problem / problems; doubt / doubts / question / questions;質(zhì)量:quality;功能:function;證據(jù):evidence;百分比:percentage;項(xiàng)目:item;方面:aspect;背景:background;情節(jié):plot;時(shí)間: time / when;階段:period;stage;日期:date;特點(diǎn):characteristic / characteristics; feature / features;目的:aim / aims; purpose / purposes; goal / goals; intention / intentions;方法:way / ways; method / methods; means; measure / measures; step / steps;種類:kind / kinds; type / types; species; category / categories;比較:comparison; contract;國籍:nationality;技能:skill;成就:achievement;全面發(fā)展:all-round development;區(qū)別:difference;相似:similarity

2. 高頻詞性/短語變換

able (a.)—be able to do—ability (n.);disabled (a.)—disability (n.);capable (a.)—be capable of—capability (n.);absent (a.)—be absent from—absence (n.);present (a.)—be present at—presence (n.);abundant (a.)—be abundant in—abundance (n.);access (n.)—have access to—accessible (a.);value (n. / v.)—be of great value—valuable (a.);acquire (v.)—acquisition (n.);responsible (a.)—responsibility (n.);possible (a.)—possibility (n.);communicate (v.)—communication (n.);analyze (v.)—analysis (n.);aware (a.)—be aware of—awareness (n.);prepare (v.) —preparation (n.)—make preparations for;familiar (a.)—sth. be familiar to sb. / sb. be familiar with sth.—familiarity (n.);describe (v.)—description (n.);pronounce (v.)—pronunciation (n.);explain (v.)—explanation (n.); necessary (a.)—unnecessary (a.)—necessity (n.);create (v.)—creativity (n.);imagine (v.)—imagination (n.)—imaginative (a.)(想象力豐富的)—imaginable (a.)(可以想象的)—imaginary (a.)(想象中的);motivate (v.)—motivation (n.)—motivated (a.)

3. 高頻同義詞/詞組替換

mention—refer to(referring, referred);put off / hold up(通常用被動)—delay / postpone;call off—cancel;be in favor of—support;be of (great) value / importance / significance—valuable / important / significant;on purpose—deliberately;in particular—particularly;deal with / do with sth.—handle sth.;ask sb. for advice—consult sb.;get over—overcome;come into being / existence—exist;at times—sometimes / occasionally;make progress—improve;inform sb. of sth. —keep sb. informed of;dont want to—be unwilling to;most of +n. —the majority of+n.;in spite of—despite; despite the fact (that);rather than—instead of;burst into tears / laughter—burst out crying / laughing;set out to do—set about doing

4. 高頻轉(zhuǎn)換類常用句型

100 years = 1 century = 10 decades;take advantage of = make use of;parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents;oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with;consider... = take... into consideration / account;at the beginning = at first;be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for;since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history;Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities. = Americans have been migrating south and west for decades, seeking a better job / searching / looking for a better job.;housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked / relevant to / connected with housing;take an active part in = take part in sth. actively;encourage participation in quiet activities = encourage children to participate in / take part in / play a role in quiet activities;be hooked on headphones = be addicted to headphones;valuable information = information of great value;understand clearly = have a clear understanding of sth.;affect = have an effect / influence / impact on sth.;matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference;kills sb. = sth. costs sb. sth. = claim ones life;make an apology = apologize to sb.;be over = end = put... to an end;despite = in spite of;share less than 2% = account for less than 2%= make up;online = on the Internet;learn good citizenship = learn to be good citizens;list the things that you are good at = list what / all you are good at;explain sth. = make an explanation;offer sth. to sb. = provide / supply sth. for sb.;besides = on top of = in addition to = apart from;be better than = be superior to;approve of = subscribe to = be in favor / support of = favor sth.;have access to = be acceptable / accessible / available to;stop = quit = give up;in part = partly;every year = yearly = annually;use up = run out of;run out = give out = be used up;be accused of = be charged with;most of the people = the majority of the people;starve to death = die of hunger / starvation;socially responsible = social responsibility;sth. benefit sb. = be beneficial to sb. = be of benefit to = sb. benefit from sth .;commit oneself to doing sth. = promise to do sth.;make full use of = make the most of

四、2016年江蘇卷英語真題及詳解

第四部分:任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)

An Extension of the Human Brain

Other people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺),much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency. To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person helps us in such ways, he or she is participating in what Ive called a “social prosthetic (義肢的)system.” Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face, and its clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems. Its already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.

Regarding memory: Once I look up something on the Internet, I dont need to keep all the details for future use—I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so. More generally, the Internet functions as if it were my memory. This function of the Internet is particularly striking when Im writing; Im no longer comfortable writing if Im not connected to the Internet. Its become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites.

Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For example, when Im writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have a “new idea,” I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar—and I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.

These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since Ive begun using a smartphone. I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo. Such activities fill the spaces that used to be dead time (such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting).

But thats the upside (好處).The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea. Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between.

【答案】 71. Internet 72. participates / joins 73. keeping 74. all / different / various 75. heart / core 76. check 77. judge 78. mixed / two 79. convenient 80. reduce

【解析】 71. Internet 原詞再現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第一段第四句Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face, and its clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems.可知因特網(wǎng)可以拓寬社會義肢系統(tǒng)的范圍,也就是說網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以彌補(bǔ)我們精神和情感上的缺陷。

72. participates / joins 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句Its already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.可知動詞短語“participate / join in”符合句意。

73. keeping 詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Once I look up something on the Internet, I dont need to keep all the details...”可知動詞短語“keep...in mind記住”,在表格中放在介詞without的后面,要使用動名詞keeping的形式。

74. all / different / various 同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第三段第一句The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large.可知原文中“matters small and large”就是“all / different / various”的事情。

75. heart / core 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第三段第二句“...which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning”可知網(wǎng)絡(luò)能讓我們找到事物的核心并理解其真正含義。故短語“the core / heart of the matter”和原文中“dig into the core”語義一致。

76. check同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第三段第四句“If I have a “ new idea,” I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar—and I then compare what I think with what others have thought.”當(dāng)我們有了新的觀點(diǎn)以后,我們會上網(wǎng)檢查核對別人是否已經(jīng)有了同樣的觀點(diǎn),并對自己的行動做出判斷。表格中check與原文語義一致。

77. judge 歸納總結(jié)。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.”而且在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上閱讀其他人的信息,讓我判斷我的行為是否合理,所以表格里使用動詞judge。

78. mixed / two 歸納總結(jié)。在文章最后兩段中既提到了智能手機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)也提到了其缺點(diǎn)。所以這是智能手機(jī)的正反兩方面內(nèi)容,所以使用形容詞“mixed / two”。

79. convenient 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第四段后兩句I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo. Such activities fill the spaces that used to be dead time (such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting).可知我們可以使用智能手機(jī)隨時(shí)查信息,看視頻,讀微博,使用起來非常方便。所以使用形容詞“convenient”。

80. reduce 句意轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)文章最后兩句“The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea. Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between.”在過去那些“dead periods”時(shí),我總會有一些靈光一現(xiàn)的神來之念,但是現(xiàn)在這些時(shí)間都被智能手機(jī)占用了。無疑就減少了這些神來之念的可能性。所以表格中使用“reduce the possibility”。

五、任務(wù)型閱讀的解題步驟

1. 略讀。快速瀏覽全文,理清文章基本結(jié)構(gòu),觀察題目,盡量獲取有效信息。

有了對文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)和中心思想的了解,剩下的只要根據(jù)每個(gè)空格所在句子中的關(guān)鍵詞,有的放矢地到原文找答案就是了。

通過觀察,題目是以文章結(jié)構(gòu)圖呈現(xiàn)的,我們可以快速、清楚地了解到以下幾點(diǎn)信息:主干標(biāo)題The Internet告訴我們,這篇文章主要說明因特網(wǎng)的功效和好處;

分支結(jié)構(gòu)表明,文章中舉出一些事例說明因特網(wǎng)的功效和優(yōu)點(diǎn);

文章最后也提到了因特網(wǎng)帶來的問題。

2. 掃讀。掃讀圖表,分析表格結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容,準(zhǔn)確定位填空的要求。仔細(xì)分析提示句 (空格所在句子),判斷所填詞的詞性、詞形,提高填詞的準(zhǔn)確性。任務(wù)型閱讀在題目設(shè)置過程中,提示句的提煉十分精要,所包含的信息量很大。因此,根據(jù)句式和語法結(jié)構(gòu)來分析提示句能夠使我們很容易推導(dǎo)出所填詞的性、形、數(shù)。這對精確填詞、準(zhǔn)確表述有很大幫助。有時(shí)甚至可以不看文章,直接根據(jù)短語搭配填出答案。

例如樣題中各詞的詞性分別是:(1) 動詞原形 (vi.);(2) 動詞原形 (vt.);(3) 名詞;(4) 名詞;(5) 形容詞;(6) 動詞原形 (vt.);(7) 名詞/動名詞 (8) 介詞/動名詞 (vt.);(9) 形容詞;(10) 形容詞

在了解所要填寫詞的詞性和詞形之后,我們選詞的范圍就大大縮小了。在原文中找到相關(guān)信息后,具體填詞或表述時(shí),就不容易出錯(cuò)了。

3. 細(xì)讀。深入理解文章內(nèi)容, 分析整合信息、準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)??焖匍喿x文章,有目的地查找相關(guān)信息,按照要求規(guī)范答題。快速瀏覽的重點(diǎn)和目的應(yīng)當(dāng)是,帶著審題時(shí)對文章大意和結(jié)構(gòu)的了解以及所獲得的問題,以最快的速度到文章相應(yīng)的位置中搜尋有效信息。瀏覽文章時(shí),不要過多考慮某些詞句的意義,更不必進(jìn)行細(xì)致的語法分析。和欣賞文章不同,我們閱讀文章材料的最終目的是解決問題、完成答題任務(wù)。所以只要對答題沒有太大影響,即使文章中有些詞句看不明白也沒多大關(guān)系。除非某些句子所包含的內(nèi)容直接影響對文章主旨大意的理解或者對空格填詞有重要作用,否則就不需要在這些方面花太多時(shí)間。

需要注意的是,有些題目可以在原文中直接找出;有些需要在分析原文句子的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合題目特殊要求,填寫出相關(guān)的不同詞性的派生詞、同義詞或近義詞等等;有些則需要推理;還有些需要進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)或轉(zhuǎn)述句子,在不失原意的基礎(chǔ)上把答案正確表述出來。

六、任務(wù)型閱讀的解題技巧

在掌握了科學(xué)的解題步驟之后,考生還要掌握一些實(shí)用的解題技巧。

1. 捕捉信息的技巧

(1)確定文章與表格之間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。先略讀短文,然后速覽表格,借助所給圖表結(jié)構(gòu)抓住文章中心大意以及文章的脈絡(luò)。并確定表格中某一行或某一列與文章中某一段落之間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。(2)確定文章中相應(yīng)的句子。在文章中標(biāo)出與表格中空格前后給出的關(guān)鍵詞句相符合或一致的句子。注意,有時(shí)表格中的語境悄悄發(fā)生了變化,有的是在空格前后“多一詞”,有的是“少一詞”,還有的是“換一詞”??忌绻圆涣羯窬蜁稿e(cuò)。

2. 變通信息的技巧

有許多答案是不能直接在文章中找到原句或原詞的,這需要我們對文章進(jìn)行加工或變通。這些變通大多與語法知識有關(guān),也有些與短語和句型有關(guān)。(1)間接法。即基于原文某個(gè)詞語的語法變形,如,主動與被動,謂語動詞與非謂語動詞,動詞原形與動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式,動詞與名詞,名詞與形容詞,形容詞和副詞的比較級與最高級,名詞單復(fù)數(shù)等。(2)意譯法。即對原文中的某句話在保持意思不變的前提下,變換一種說法。這種變換有一定的難度,要求你吃透原句意思,然后進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換或解釋。答案的來源往往有三個(gè)方面:①根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞的導(dǎo)航,在文中捕捉原始信息。②根據(jù)空格前后變化了的新語境,從語法和搭配的角度對原始信息進(jìn)行加工。③根據(jù)單元格本身的行文規(guī)律,遵循同一欄在表達(dá)上的一致性原則從周圍單元格中確定信息最終的輸出形式。格中空格前后給出的關(guān)鍵詞句相符合或一致的句子。

3. 概括信息的技巧

不會概括歸納的原因有兩個(gè):一是沒有看懂表格里橫向單元格和縱向單元格之間的邏輯關(guān)系;二是沒有掌握常見的表示歸納概括的詞語。歸納概括詞語往往位于表格上面的第一行或表格左邊的第一列。方法通常是:看下面的單元格向上概括:看右邊的單元格向左歸納。大多是歸納某一段落的大意,有時(shí)是概括全文的主旨。

(作者:吳濤,南京市第三高級中學(xué))

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