竺震雷
(廣東省南雄市人民醫(yī)院中醫(yī)科,廣東 韶關(guān) 512400)
觀察與研究
補(bǔ)陽還五湯對(duì)急性腦梗死患者神經(jīng)功能及側(cè)支循環(huán)的影響
竺震雷
(廣東省南雄市人民醫(yī)院中醫(yī)科,廣東 韶關(guān) 512400)
目的:觀察補(bǔ)陽還五湯對(duì)急性腦梗死患者神經(jīng)功能及側(cè)支循環(huán)的影響。方法:100例隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和治療組兩組各50例。兩組均給予常規(guī)西藥治療,即控制腦水腫、改善循環(huán)、營養(yǎng)腦細(xì)胞、改善基礎(chǔ)疾病等。治療組加用補(bǔ)陽還五湯治療。結(jié)果:總有效率對(duì)照組60.0%,治療組88.0%,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。側(cè)支循環(huán)的建立和改善治療組效果也好于對(duì)照組。治療后7天側(cè)支循環(huán)代償改善率對(duì)照組20.0%、治療組52.0%;治療30天后側(cè)支循環(huán)代償改善率對(duì)照組58.0%、治療組80.0%,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:補(bǔ)陽還五湯對(duì)急性腦梗死患者神經(jīng)功能的改善有重要作用,同時(shí)可促進(jìn)血運(yùn)循環(huán)和側(cè)支循環(huán)的建立,改善腦補(bǔ)的血運(yùn)條件,從而起到治療作用。
急性腦梗死;補(bǔ)陽還五湯;神經(jīng)功能;側(cè)支循環(huán)
本研究用補(bǔ)陽還五湯治療急性腦梗死并觀察其對(duì)神經(jīng)功能及側(cè)支循環(huán)的影響,總結(jié)如下。
共100例,均為2012年1月至2015年1月我院就診患者,隨機(jī)分為兩組各50例。對(duì)照組男34例,女16例;年齡41~74歲,平均(65.28±7.54)歲;病程2~68h,平均(6.7±1.4)h;基底節(jié)區(qū)腦梗死20例,腦葉梗死4例,腦干梗死5例,多發(fā)性腦梗死11例,腔隙性腦梗死12例。治療組男39例,女11例;年齡38~73歲,平均(62.79±9.62)歲;病程1~70h,平均(7.1±1.6)h;基底節(jié)區(qū)腦梗死22例,腦葉梗死3例,腦干梗死4例,多發(fā)性腦梗死10例,腔隙性腦梗死15例。兩組性別、年齡、病程及梗死部位等比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。
納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①西醫(yī)診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參照2010年《中國急性缺血性腦卒中診治指南》[1],中醫(yī)診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參照2002年《中藥新藥臨床研究指導(dǎo)原則》[2],確診為中風(fēng),中醫(yī)辨證為氣虛血瘀。主癥為半身不遂,言語滯澀,神疲乏力或昏迷,脈緩或弱。②在影像學(xué)提示腦梗死并排除腦出血;③首次起病,神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分(NIHSS)低于10分;④年齡75歲以下;⑤入院前沒有進(jìn)行過任何抗凝、溶栓的治療;⑥沒有糖尿病或肝腎功能衰竭等嚴(yán)重基礎(chǔ)疾病;⑦簽知情同意書。
排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①起病時(shí)間超過3天;②入院前已接受溶栓等治療的腦梗死急性期;③非首次發(fā)病或合并其他嚴(yán)重腦血管疾??;④有嚴(yán)重基礎(chǔ)疾病或重要臟器衰竭;⑤無法配合或依從性較差;⑥妊娠及哺乳期婦女;⑦入院前1個(gè)月有重大手術(shù)或外傷史。
兩組均用常規(guī)西藥治療。①甘露醇脫水預(yù)防腦水腫,右旋糖普改善微循環(huán),低分子肝素抗凝,丹紅注射液、尼莫地平改善血管情況,營養(yǎng)腦細(xì)胞等。②控制血壓。③控制基礎(chǔ)疾病。④合并肺炎及上呼吸道感染用抗生素。
治療組加用補(bǔ)陽還五湯。黃芪120g,川芎3g,當(dāng)歸尾6g,紅花3g,赤芍6g,桃仁3g,地龍3g。加水500mL、煎取200mL,復(fù)煎加水300mL,煎取200mL,分早晚2次溫服或灌胃。
兩組均治療30天為一療程。
參照《中國急性缺血性腦卒中診治指南》[1]。痊愈:神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分減少90%以上,病殘程度為0級(jí)。顯效:評(píng)分減少50%以上,病殘程度為1~3級(jí)。好轉(zhuǎn):評(píng)分減少18%以上。無效:評(píng)分減少17%以下。
兩組神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分見表1。
表1 兩組治療前后神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分比較 (分,±s)
表1 兩組治療前后神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分比較 (分,±s)
注:與本組治療前比較,*P<0.05;與對(duì)照組治療后比較,△P<0.05。
組別 n 治療前 治療后對(duì)照組 50 22.85±11.24 17.62±5.87*治療組 50 22.14±12.36 9.22±5.54*△
兩組臨床療效比較見表2。
表2 兩組臨床療效比較 例(%)
兩組側(cè)支循環(huán)比較見表3。
表3 兩組側(cè)支循環(huán)比較 例(%)
兩組責(zé)任血管血流速度增長(zhǎng)比較見表4。
表4 兩組責(zé)任血管血流速度增塊比較 例(%)
急性腦梗死屬中醫(yī)“中風(fēng)”范疇。主要病機(jī)為氣虛血瘀,腦絡(luò)瘀阻[3]。年老體虛、元?dú)獠蛔愎恃龆鴾?,血瘀又加重氣血兩虧,故補(bǔ)氣活血乃主要治則。補(bǔ)陽還五湯重用黃芪主補(bǔ)脾胃元?dú)?,?dāng)歸尾補(bǔ)血祛瘀,川芎、赤芍活血祛瘀,桃仁、紅花活血化瘀,地龍活血通絡(luò)。諸藥合用,使氣足血活,瘀除腦通、新血得生。
藥理研究表明,補(bǔ)陽還五湯中補(bǔ)氣活血藥有明顯的擴(kuò)張血管、改善血流動(dòng)力學(xué)并促進(jìn)側(cè)支循環(huán)建立的作用[4]。黃芪可擴(kuò)張血管、增加血液循環(huán)[5]。桃仁、紅花、當(dāng)歸尾、川芎、赤芍可改善血液黏稠度,抗凝、抗血小板聚集。桃花、紅花、當(dāng)歸尾可促進(jìn)側(cè)支血管的開放,對(duì)建立側(cè)支循環(huán)有重要的作用。地龍軟化血管,溶解血栓,可恢復(fù)血管彈性[6]。川芎含川芎嗪和阿魏酸鈉可抑制血管平滑肌收縮痙攣,對(duì)促進(jìn)血運(yùn)、抑制血栓有重要作用[7]。
補(bǔ)陽還五湯可改善神經(jīng)功能,促進(jìn)血運(yùn)的循環(huán)和側(cè)支循環(huán),改善腦補(bǔ)的血運(yùn)條件,從而起到治療作用。
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Objective:To observe the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on neurological function and collateral circulation of acute cerebral infarction patients. Method:100 cases were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,50 cases in each. Both groups were treated with conventional western medical treatment,to control cerebral edema,improve circulation,nutrition,brain cells,improve conventional therapy disease. The treatment group:to give Buyanghuanwu soup treated in the control group based on a treatment regimen.A comparison of the two groups to detect the degree of neurological deficit and efficacy,7 days and 30 days after treatment comparison of two groups of blood flow velocity and compensatory collateral vessels circulation improvement after treatment.Results:The total efficiency of 60.0% in the control group,the treatment group,the total efficiency of 88.0%,the treatment group and the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).As for the establishment and improvement of collateral circulation,the effect of the treatment group is better than the control group,7 days after treatment,the control group improved collateral circulation compensatory rate was 20.0% in the treatment group improved collateral circulation compensatory rate was 52.0%;after treatment 30d,the control group accounted for compensatory collateral circulation to improve the rate of 58.0% in the treatment group improved collateral circulation compensatory rate was 80.0%.Treatment group in improving collateral circulation compensatory significantly better than the control group,the difference between groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Buyanghuanwu soup decoction to improve neurological function in patients with ACI plays an important role,but also to promote the establishment of collateral circulation and blood flow circulation and improves the blood supply of the brain make up the conditions for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients played Tongzhi specimens without harming fundamental role.
Buyang Huanwu Decoction;Neurological;Collateral circulation;QDBS
R255.233
B
1004-2814(2017)02-0116-02
2016-09-13