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GC-Q-TOF/MS快速篩查測(cè)定半夏中322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物殘留

2017-04-27 07:37:59李春苗胡雪艷范春林張博倫常巧英龐國芳王雯雯
分析測(cè)試學(xué)報(bào) 2017年4期
關(guān)鍵詞:半夏回收率基質(zhì)

李春苗,胡雪艷,范春林,張博倫,彭 濤,常巧英,龐國芳,王雯雯

(1.北京工商大學(xué) 食品學(xué)院,北京 100048;2.中國檢驗(yàn)檢疫科學(xué)研究院,北京 100176;3.安捷倫科技有限公司,北京 100102)

研究報(bào)告

GC-Q-TOF/MS快速篩查測(cè)定半夏中322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物殘留

李春苗1,2,胡雪艷2*,范春林2,張博倫1,2,彭 濤2,常巧英2,龐國芳2*,王雯雯3

(1.北京工商大學(xué) 食品學(xué)院,北京 100048;2.中國檢驗(yàn)檢疫科學(xué)研究院,北京 100176;3.安捷倫科技有限公司,北京 100102)

利用GC-Q-TOF/MS檢測(cè)技術(shù),采用分散固相萃取(DSPE)樣品前處理方法,建立了半夏中322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物殘留的篩查方法。探究了樣品前處理過程中提取溶劑、緩沖鹽體系、凈化劑組成和用量對(duì)樣品提取、凈化等方面的影響,最終確定用1%的乙酸乙腈溶液和乙酸-乙酸鈉緩沖體系進(jìn)行提取,復(fù)合凈化劑凈化,GC-Q-TOF/MS測(cè)定的篩查方法。結(jié)果顯示,322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物中84.2%的化合物篩查限為5 μg/kg,14.6%農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的篩查限為10 μg/kg;在10,50,100 μg/kg的添加水平下,農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的平均回收率分別為70.2%~119.5%,70.6%~119.8%,70.2%~119.9%,相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差(RSD)分別為0.2%~19.7%,0.2%~19.5%,0.5%~20.0%。與傳統(tǒng)的分散固相萃取方法相比,該方法高效、快速,靈敏度高,準(zhǔn)確性好,適用于半夏中322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物殘留的快速篩查和定量分析。

分散固相萃取(DSPE);GC-Q-TOF/MS;半夏;農(nóng)藥多殘留

半夏為中國傳統(tǒng)中藥材,種類繁多,資源豐富,所含的有效成分主要為β-谷甾醇、有機(jī)酸、氨基酸、半夏蛋白、生物堿等[1],具有多種藥理活性,且臨床應(yīng)用范圍廣,是極其重要并有很大開發(fā)利用價(jià)值的中藥材?,F(xiàn)代藥理研究表明,半夏具有鎮(zhèn)咳、止嘔、抗腫瘤、抑制中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)、抗炎抗病毒等藥理作用[2-12]。近年來,中藥質(zhì)量除了中藥自身的有效成分穩(wěn)定可控外,其農(nóng)藥殘留問題已威脅到人類健康和生活質(zhì)量,并引起了重視。作為中國出口最多的產(chǎn)品之一,農(nóng)藥殘留污染已成為中藥走向世界的“瓶頸”,影響到中藥現(xiàn)代化、國際化進(jìn)程。因此,中藥農(nóng)藥殘留問題是我國中藥研究領(lǐng)域迫切需要解決的關(guān)鍵問題之一。

《中國藥典》自2000年版起首次收載有機(jī)氯類農(nóng)藥殘留量測(cè)定方法,經(jīng)2005年版和2010年版一部附錄的不斷改進(jìn),規(guī)定了藥材、飲片及制劑中有機(jī)氯、有機(jī)磷以及擬除蟲菊酯類共3類24種農(nóng)藥殘留的檢測(cè)方法。2015年版中國藥典一部共收載品種2 598 個(gè),其中中藥材625 個(gè);新增品種 440 個(gè),其中中藥材3 個(gè);修訂品種517 個(gè),又在人參、西洋參標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中增加了有機(jī)氯等7類16 種農(nóng)藥殘留限量要求(總六六六、總滴滴涕、五氯硝基苯、六氯苯、七氯、艾化劑、氯丹)[3-13]。雖然目前對(duì)中藥材中農(nóng)藥殘留的研究較多,如2013年程志等[4]采用氣相色譜-串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜(GC-MS/MS)測(cè)定了11種中藥材中144種農(nóng)藥殘留。2015年劉小勤等[5]利用氣相色譜-三重四極桿質(zhì)譜(GC-MS/MS)建立了白芍中99種農(nóng)藥同時(shí)檢測(cè)的分析方法。但多數(shù)研究所涉及的農(nóng)藥品種少,且針對(duì)性不強(qiáng)。因此建立一種適用于中藥材農(nóng)藥多殘留檢測(cè)的新方法十分必要。

分散固相萃取法(Dispersive solid-phase extraction,DSPE)是由美國農(nóng)業(yè)部于2003 年提出的一種新型、快速的農(nóng)殘檢測(cè)預(yù)處理技術(shù),主要應(yīng)用于多種類多殘留農(nóng)藥的色質(zhì)聯(lián)用儀檢測(cè)的預(yù)處理過程[6-14],其原理是利用吸附劑填料與基質(zhì)中的雜質(zhì)相互作用,吸附雜質(zhì),從而達(dá)到除雜凈化的目的,比較適合一些成分復(fù)雜樣品的前處理[7]。分散固相萃取凈化樣品提取液時(shí)多采用 N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)、十八烷基硅烷鍵合硅膠(C18)、石墨化碳黑(GCB)、氧化鋁等作為凈化材料。近年來,以碳納米管為代表的納米材料在農(nóng)藥殘留分離富集中逐漸引起關(guān)注。其原理是最大限度地將殘留農(nóng)藥從樣品基體中提取出來,去除復(fù)雜基質(zhì)中的干擾成分,是痕量農(nóng)殘分析中樣品前處理的關(guān)鍵步驟,幾乎占整個(gè)分析工作量的大部分[8-15]。其中Cleanert NANO 是一種新型碳納米凈化材料,其特點(diǎn)是在碳納米管材料的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行官能化修飾,在表面鍵合特殊官能團(tuán),對(duì)表面去活以控制對(duì)藥物的過分吸附力,大大增加對(duì)色素和脂肪酸等干擾物的選擇性,具有典型的層狀中空結(jié)構(gòu)特征,增大了其比表面積,增加了材料的附載能力。2016年薛亞薇等[9]采用Cleanert NANO作為凈化劑,建立了無需標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品對(duì)照定性篩查茶葉中 26 種高毒劇毒農(nóng)藥的液相色譜-四極桿/飛行時(shí)間質(zhì)譜檢測(cè)方法,涵蓋的農(nóng)藥不夠全面。但以Cleanert NANO作為分散固相萃取(Dispersive solid-phase extraction,DSPE)吸附劑應(yīng)用于中藥材中多種農(nóng)藥殘留量的檢測(cè)尚未見報(bào)道。

本文以322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物作為目標(biāo)化合物,探究了樣品前處理過程中提取溶劑、緩沖鹽體系、凈化劑組成和用量對(duì)樣品提取、凈化等方面的影響。建立了采用 PSA,C18,Cleanert NANO為分散固相萃取材料進(jìn)行提取,結(jié)合氣相色譜-飛行時(shí)間質(zhì)譜(GC-Q-TOF/MS )同時(shí)檢測(cè)半夏中的322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物多殘留的分析方法。

1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分

1.1 儀器與試劑

安捷倫7200 GC-QTOF MS(安捷倫科技公司,美國);移液器(Eppendorf公司,德國);SR-2DS水平振蕩器(Taitec公司,日本);落地式冷凍離心機(jī)(貝克曼庫爾特商貿(mào)有限公司,中國);高速離心機(jī)(北京白洋醫(yī)療器械有限公司,中國);N-EVAP112氮吹儀(OA-SYS公司,美國);TL-602L電子天平(Mettler公司,德國);50 mL和15 mL塑料離心管若干。

322種農(nóng)藥標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品(純度大于95%,Dr Ehrenstorfer,Augsburg,德國);乙腈、正己烷、甲醇(色譜級(jí),Honeywell公司,美國);NaCl、無水乙酸鈉、無水MgSO4(分析純,西隴化工股份有限公司,汕頭);N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)吸附劑(40~60 μm),碳十八(C18)吸附劑(50 μm 60 ?),Cleanert NANO(10~20 nm)均購于天津Bonna-Agela公司;半夏樣品購至全國各大產(chǎn)地。

1.2 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液的配制

1.2.1 農(nóng)藥單標(biāo)的配制 準(zhǔn)確稱取10 mg(精確至0.01 mg)各種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品分別置于10 mL容量瓶中,根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)物的溶解性和測(cè)定需要選用甲醇、甲苯和丙酮等溶劑溶解并定容至刻度,4 ℃避光保存。

1.2.2 農(nóng)藥混合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液的配制 為了實(shí)現(xiàn)藥物的更好分離,根據(jù)每種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的化學(xué)性質(zhì)和保留時(shí)間將農(nóng)藥分成A,B,C,D,E,F(xiàn),G,H共8組。根據(jù)單標(biāo)濃度,準(zhǔn)確移取每種單標(biāo)一定體積至25 mL容量瓶中,甲醇定容至刻度,使混標(biāo)中每種單標(biāo)的濃度均為10 mg/L,4 ℃避光保存。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品信息見表 1。

表1 322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的分子式、精確質(zhì)量數(shù)、分組、保留時(shí)間及碎片離子Table 1 Formules,exact masses,groups,retention times and fragment ions of 322 pesticides and chemical pollutants

(續(xù)表1)

(續(xù)表1)

(續(xù)表1)

(續(xù)表1)

(續(xù)表1)

(續(xù)表1)

1.3 實(shí)驗(yàn)條件

1.3.1 色譜條件 氣相色譜柱為VF-1701 ms(30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm,安捷倫公司,美國)。程序升溫過程:40 ℃保持1 min,以30 ℃/min 升溫至130 ℃后,以5 ℃/min升溫至250 ℃,再以10 ℃/min升溫至300 ℃,保持5 min,之后以10 ℃/min降溫至280 ℃,保持2 min;載氣:氦氣,純度≥99.999%,流速1.2 mL/min;進(jìn)樣口溫度:290 ℃;進(jìn)樣量:2 μL;進(jìn)樣方式:不分流進(jìn)樣;環(huán)氧七氯用于調(diào)整保留時(shí)間[16]。

1.3.2 質(zhì)譜條件 EI源電壓:70 eV;離子源溫度:280 ℃;GC-MS接口溫度:280 ℃;數(shù)據(jù)掃描方式:TOF-Scan 全掃描,一級(jí)質(zhì)量掃描范圍m/z50~600,采集速率2 spectrum/s;溶劑延遲:6 min;安捷倫MassHunter工作軟件。

1.4 樣品前處理

將中藥材半夏樣品磨制成粉末,稱取5 g(精確至0.01 g)于50 mL離心管中,加入10 mL超純水人工振蕩30 s后,靜置30 min,待樣品充分浸潤;加入 1 g 無水乙酸鈉和10 mL 1% 的乙酸乙腈,機(jī)械振蕩5 min,加入1 g氯化鈉,迅速混勻,高速離心機(jī)離心處理(10 000 r/min,5 min);準(zhǔn)確吸取5 mL上清液置于預(yù)先裝有凈化材料(PSA和C18各150 mg,Cleanert NANO 20 mg,MgSO4150 mg)的15 mL離心管中;渦旋至填料與提取液完全混合,機(jī)械振蕩3 min;高速離心機(jī)離心處理(10 000 r/min,5 min);準(zhǔn)確吸取4 mL上清液至80 mL雞心瓶中,在40 ℃,80 r/min條件下旋轉(zhuǎn)蒸發(fā)至約0.5 mL,氮吹至近干,0.5 mL正己烷定容,經(jīng)0.22 μm有機(jī)濾膜過濾,供GC-Q-TOF/MS測(cè)定。

1.5 樣品的定性、定量分析

1.5.1 樣品的定性分析 在定性軟件中調(diào)用本實(shí)驗(yàn)室創(chuàng)建的PCDL精確質(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù)庫,依據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)庫對(duì)目標(biāo)化合物定性檢索,檢索參數(shù)保留時(shí)間偏差限定為±0.15 min,精確質(zhì)量偏差限定為±20 ppm,軟件依據(jù)每種化合物的保留時(shí)間、精確質(zhì)量等要素的實(shí)測(cè)值與數(shù)據(jù)庫中理論值的偏差給出每個(gè)檢出離子的檢索匹配得分值。檢出離子的得分平均值即為該化合物的綜合得分,規(guī)定每個(gè)化合物得分值>60且至少3個(gè)離子檢出,即為陽性檢出。

1.5.2 樣品的定量分析 將添加樣品與剩余的實(shí)際樣品采用GC-Q-TOF再次進(jìn)行測(cè)定,化合物濃度的計(jì)算公式為:CS=AS/(AF-AS) CF,式中CS為待測(cè)樣品中農(nóng)藥化合物的濃度,AS為實(shí)際樣品中農(nóng)藥化合物的峰面積,AF為添加樣品中農(nóng)藥化合物的峰面積,CF為添加樣品中添加的農(nóng)藥化合物濃度。

在定量分析過程中,移取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液的量應(yīng)與實(shí)際樣品中該農(nóng)藥化合物的估算含量相當(dāng),對(duì)于實(shí)際樣品中某種農(nóng)藥濃度過高(超過添加量的5倍)時(shí),會(huì)使得添加樣品和實(shí)際樣品中化合物的響應(yīng)差別不大,此時(shí)需對(duì)實(shí)際樣品進(jìn)行適當(dāng)稀釋后,再進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)添加法定量,否則計(jì)算結(jié)果將會(huì)出現(xiàn)較大偏差。

表2 75種代表性農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物在不同提取方法時(shí)的添加回收率統(tǒng)計(jì)Table 2 Statistical analysis of recoveries of 75 different representative pesticides and chemical pollutants extraction methods

2 結(jié)果與討論

2.1 提取條件的優(yōu)化

檢測(cè)的目標(biāo)化合物包括有機(jī)磷、有機(jī)氯、擬除蟲菊酯類等多種農(nóng)藥及其化學(xué)污染物,而且半夏基質(zhì)復(fù)雜,所以要求提取溶劑對(duì)農(nóng)藥有足夠的溶解性和一定的選擇性。在分散固相萃取方法進(jìn)行樣品前處理過程中,常用的提取劑為乙腈和酸化乙酸乙腈。由于本實(shí)驗(yàn)涉及的農(nóng)藥種類較多,為了防止酸堿不穩(wěn)定的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物分解,需要加入緩沖鹽體系以保證提取環(huán)節(jié)的pH值。本實(shí)驗(yàn)首先選用A和B兩組具有代表性的75種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物混合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液,以乙腈和1%乙酸乙腈兩種提取溶劑進(jìn)行對(duì)比試驗(yàn)。第1組,直接用乙腈溶液進(jìn)行提取;第2組,以1%乙酸乙腈溶液和乙酸鈉組成的乙酸-乙酸鈉緩沖體系進(jìn)行提取,對(duì)半夏中A和B兩種農(nóng)藥的添加回收率進(jìn)行對(duì)比。

實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在農(nóng)藥添加水平為10 μg/L時(shí),第2組方法回收率在70%~120%之間的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物數(shù)量大于第1組(見表2),增加的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物分別為苯胺磷、氟氯氰菊酯和抗螨唑。樣品中加入1% 的乙酸乙腈溶液和乙酸鈉形成的緩沖體系使基質(zhì)pH值在整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中保持在5.0~5.5之間,增加了乙腈的離子化效率,提高了酸堿性敏感農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的回收率。從實(shí)驗(yàn)緩沖能力和成本考慮,最終選擇1%的乙酸乙腈溶液和乙酸鈉作為提取溶劑。

2.2 凈化條件的優(yōu)化

2.2.1 凈化劑的選擇 AOAC 2007.01方法使用PSA去除糖類、脂肪酸、有機(jī)酸、酚類和親脂性色素等極性物質(zhì),由于PSA 凈化劑的化學(xué)成分為N-丙基乙二胺,含兩個(gè)胺基,具有極性吸附作用,用量過多會(huì)與一些農(nóng)藥中的—OH,—NH,—SH等官能團(tuán)形成氫鍵,造成對(duì)農(nóng)藥的吸附,因此應(yīng)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)挠昧俊18是反相吸附劑,可以去除脂類、花青素、蠟類等非極性的干擾物質(zhì),對(duì)于脂類含量高的中草藥樣品,在樣品前處理過程中需要加入適量的C18,以減少干擾物質(zhì)對(duì)分析檢測(cè)的影響。但C18和PSA對(duì)色素的凈化效果均不理想,Cleanert NANO是一種新型碳納米凈化材料,其特點(diǎn)是在碳納米管材料的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行官能化修飾,在表面鍵合特殊官能團(tuán),通過表面去活控制對(duì)藥物的過分吸附力,從而大大增加了對(duì)色素、脂肪酸等干擾物的選擇性。因此,本文選擇C18,PSA和Cleanert NANO對(duì)試樣進(jìn)行凈化。

圖1 PSA和C18的用量與75種代表性農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物中滿足回收率(70%~120%)的農(nóng)藥數(shù)量的關(guān)系Fig.1 Relationships between PSA , C18 amounts and the number of 75 different representative pesticides and chemical pollutants with satisfied recoveries(70%-120%)

2.2.2 凈化劑用量的優(yōu)化 (1)PSA用量的優(yōu)化:分別取50,100,150,200 mg PSA,比較其用量對(duì)回收率的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著PSA用量的增加,75種代表性的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的回收率得到改善,用量在150 mg和200 mg時(shí),回收率在70%~120% 的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的數(shù)量相當(dāng),由于PSA的用量在150 mg時(shí)滿足RSD≤20%的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的數(shù)量多于200 mg的用量(見圖1)。因此本實(shí)驗(yàn)選擇PSA的最佳用量為150 mg。

(2)C18用量的優(yōu)化:分別取 50,100,150,200 mg C18,比較其用量對(duì)回收率的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著C18用量的增加,75種代表性的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物凈化后的溶劑顏色由深入淺,滿足回收率要求的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物數(shù)量也隨之增加,C18用量為150 mg 時(shí)滿足檢測(cè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的數(shù)量最多,200 mg時(shí)滿足農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物回收率的數(shù)量下降(見圖1)。結(jié)合凈化效果,本實(shí)驗(yàn)選擇C18的用量為150 mg。

(3)Cleanert NANO用量的優(yōu)化:分別采用10,20,30,40 mg Cleanert NANO,比較其用量對(duì)回收率的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著Cleanert NANO用量的增加,75種代表性的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物凈化后的溶劑顏色由深入淺,滿足回收率要求的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的數(shù)量也隨之增加,在Cleanert NANO用量為20 mg時(shí)滿足檢測(cè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的數(shù)量最多,之后繼續(xù)增大Cleanert NANO用量,滿足農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物回收率的數(shù)量下降。結(jié)合凈化效果及農(nóng)藥和化學(xué)污染物的回收率,本實(shí)驗(yàn)選擇Cleanert NANO的用量為20 mg。

2.3 篩查限、回收率與精密度

采用空白的試樣溶液,按照基質(zhì)匹配混合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液的配制方法分別配制8組農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物濃度依次為5,10,20,50,100 μg/kg 的基質(zhì)混合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液,在選定的色譜-質(zhì)譜條件下上機(jī)測(cè)定。以目標(biāo)物定量離子的峰面積(Y)為縱坐標(biāo),質(zhì)量濃度(X,μg/L)為橫坐標(biāo)繪制工作曲線,得到322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的篩查限,符合多種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物殘留的分析要求。其中有271種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的篩查限為5 μg/kg,約占全部農(nóng)藥的84.2%,14.6%的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的篩查限為10 μg/kg,實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)見表 3。

采用“1.4 ”樣品前處理方法,對(duì)半夏進(jìn)行322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物添加量分別為 10,50,100 μg/kg 的添加回收實(shí)驗(yàn),選取環(huán)氧七氯作為內(nèi)標(biāo)物進(jìn)行定量測(cè)定,每個(gè)水平重復(fù)6 次。表 3為半夏中322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的回收率和相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差(RSD)值。結(jié)果顯示,本方法的回收率和精密度均滿足各國關(guān)于農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物殘留檢測(cè)方法的要求。

表3 322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的篩查限、平均回收率及相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差(RSD)(n=6)Table 3 Screening limits,recoveries and relative standard deviations(RSD)of 322 pesticides and chemical pollutants(n=6)

(續(xù)表3)

No.CompoundScreeninglimit(mg/kg)Spiked10μg/kgSpiked50μg/kgSpiked100μg/kgRecovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)49Bromopropylate(溴螨酯)0.00570.410.1107.410.1116.41.750Bromuconazole(糠菌唑)0.00597.92.1114.36.894.313.251Bupirimate(磺嘧菌靈)0.00587.45.7106.63.991.311.752Butachlor(去草胺)0.00593.86.7110.95.578.414.153Butamifos(丁胺磷)0.005109.17.6119.57.6118.15.354Butralin(地樂胺)0.005103.83.0102.93.0111.311.255Cadusafos(硫線磷)0.005102.73.1119.43.1107.59.656Carbaryl(西維因、甲萘威)0.005--115.510.0103.216.457Carbofuran(呋喃丹)0.005--94.98.2108.36.458Carbophenothion(三硫磷)0.005100.09.8107.18.3114.24.259Carboxin(莠銹靈)0.005101.35.8100.22.591.92.160Chlorbensidesulfone(氯殺螨砜)0.00570.97.6113.57.6118.60.661Chlorbenside(氯殺螨)0.00570.24.182.54.197.43.162Chlorethoxyfos(氯氧磷)0.00594.013.597.713.5111.014.563Chlorfenethol(殺螨醇)0.01095.63.1116.83.1119.56.664Chlorfenprop-methyl(燕麥酯)0.00597.514.1109.014.1111.89.965Chlorfenson(殺螨酯)0.00579.83.5115.93.5119.14.966Chlorfenvinphos(毒蟲畏)0.00598.414.2109.114.2119.84.867Chlorobenzilate(乙酯殺螨醇)0.00562.816.1102.316.1117.81.468Chloroneb(地茂散)0.00594.921.489.221.4112.916.169Chlorpropham(氯苯胺靈)0.005118.33.0119.33.0117.65.570Chlorpyrifos-methyl(甲基毒死蜱)0.00598.114.495.614.4119.67.471Chlorsulfuron(綠黃隆)0.010--70.63.870.22.472Chlorthal-dimethyl(氯酞酸甲酯)0.005103.45.3115.35.3119.54.473Chlorthiophos(氯甲硫磷)0.00584.04.5102.95.785.713.974Clodinafop-propargyl(炔草酸)0.005105.49.2112.87.9114.64.175Clomazone(異草酮)0.010105.13.5119.43.5118.611.476Coumaphos(蠅毒磷)0.005--99.112.484.818.977Crufomate(育畜磷)0.010119.03.0115.13.0118.26.278Cyanofenphos(苯腈磷)0.00565.814.7105.714.7117.64.279Cycloate(草滅特)0.00597.62.1111.42.199.517.280Cyflufenamid(環(huán)氟菌胺)0.005--88.65.895.85.081Cyphenothrin(苯醚氰菊酯)0.005----109.21.282Cyproconazole(環(huán)丙唑醇)0.005116.37.2113.17.2119.36.383Cyprodinil(嘧菌環(huán)胺)0.010--79.47.176.014.884Cyprofuram(酯菌胺)0.005--97.42.887.73.185δ-HCH(δ-六六六)0.005101.010.5118.310.5114.75.686Deltamethrin(溴氰菊酯)0.010--96.413.2114.35.987Desethylterbuthylazine(去乙基特丁津)0.005122.12.1101.55.0119.83.688Desmetryn(敵草凈)0.005100.86.7108.41.595.613.089Dialifos(氯亞磷)0.020--111.47.390.88.090Diallate(燕麥敵)0.00585.17.2106.04.093.29.191Dibutylsuccinate(丁二酸二丁酯)0.005--99.43.5109.419.492Dicapthon(異氯磷)0.005--100.918.6119.55.693Dichlobenil(敵草腈)0.00558.219.294.219.299.018.294Dichlofenthion(除線磷)0.005100.94.9103.54.9108.58.595Dichlormid(抑害胺)0.005--75.216.3108.319.896Dichlorvos(敵敵畏)0.00592.77.8108.57.8109.419.297Diclocymet(雙氯氰菌胺)0.01091.716.888.714.8101.23.398Diclofop-methyl(禾草靈)0.00567.00.3116.90.3117.83.499Dicloran(氯硝胺)0.005106.85.588.75.7115.315.6100Dicofol(三氯殺螨醇)0.00589.21.9117.71.9119.65.6

(續(xù)表3)

No.CompoundScreeninglimit(mg/kg)Spiked10μg/kgSpiked50μg/kgSpiked100μg/kgRecovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)107Dinitramine(敵樂胺)0.005107.58.7118.78.7111.710.7108Diofenolan(二苯丙醚)0.00560.84.2114.94.2119.83.0109Dioxabenzofos(蔬果磷)0.005103.210.0103.810.0119.43.3110Dioxacarb(二氧威)0.010--79.218.574.917.5111Dioxathion(敵惡磷)0.010108.97.9118.77.9119.21.4112Diphenamid(草乃敵)0.005100.32.7112.55.594.810.7113Diphenylamine(二苯胺)0.005101.48.6118.38.6111.010.2114Dipropetryn(殺草凈)0.005--119.84.1114.29.8115Disulfotonsulfone(乙拌磷砜)0.005103.14.399.93.089.214.7116Disulfotonsulfoxide(乙拌磷亞砜)0.005101.68.5109.48.5105.815.7117Disulfoton(乙拌磷)0.00591.19.691.92.2117.73.1118Ditalimfos(滅菌磷)0.005105.27.6116.77.6118.45.0119Dithiopyr(氟氯草定)0.005107.63.9112.53.9106.310.6120Dodemorph(嗎菌靈)0.005----84.914.2121Edifenphos(克瘟散)0.005--110.55.188.13.7122Endrin(異狄氏劑)0.01098.67.899.82.7107.24.8123EPN(苯硫磷酯)0.010--94.35.1119.92.1124EPTC(撲草滅)0.010--86.69.9119.71.5125Esprocarb(禾草畏)0.010--105.34.6110.913.9126Ethalfluralin(丁氟消草)0.005106.513.8118.213.8116.03.1127Ethofumesate(唑啶草)0.01094.517.1100.717.1118.68.6128Ethoprophos(滅克磷)0.00596.94.4106.03.489.714.5129Etridiazole(氯唑靈)0.01096.413.086.611.9103.64.1130Fenamidone(咪唑菌酮)0.005109.26.8104.94.597.54.0131Fenarimol(氯苯嘧啶醇)0.005--117.16.2117.80.9132Fenazaquin(唑螨醚)0.005--86.14.675.19.0133Fenchlorphos(皮蠅磷)0.005115.83.6104.93.0118.47.1134Fenchlorphos-oxon(氧皮蠅磷)0.005--119.311.8117.59.8135Fenfuram(甲呋酰胺)0.005--114.911.4110.712.4136Fenitrothion(殺螟松、殺螟硫磷)0.005123.72.3118.33.4118.87.3137Fenobucarb(丁苯威)0.005----92.14.8138Fenoxaprop-ethyl(唑禾草靈)0.00598.92.1110.39.993.516.3139Fenpropathrin(甲氰菊酯)0.00564.918.984.218.9114.93.0140Fenpropidin(苯銹啶)0.005--109.924.899.014.0141Fenpropimorph(分樸寧)0.010--97.73.1108.718.1142Fenson(分螨酯)0.010--77.76.5118.02.4143Fensulfothion(豐索磷)0.010102.34.0107.40.7117.89.7144Fenthion(倍硫磷)0.01094.810.1101.22.4119.94.5145Fenvalerate(氰戊菊酯、速滅殺丁)0.005--113.55.7118.314.0146Flamprop-isopropyl(氟燕靈)0.010115.52.3117.22.3114.99.1147Flamprop-methyl(甲氟燕靈)0.010119.53.2108.63.2119.79.0148Fluchloralin(氟消草)0.005--111.31.5113.09.2149Flucythrinate(氟氰菊酯)0.005110.510.6101.23.3118.12.8150Flufenacet(氟噻草胺)0.005119.56.9116.66.9116.45.9151Flumetralin(氟節(jié)胺)0.005--104.418.0116.83.0152Fluotrimazole(三氯苯唑)0.005102.25.1100.01.9115.25.0153Flurochloridone(氯咯草酮)0.005--102.516.1105.911.9154Flurprimidol(呋嘧醇)0.005109.87.6119.77.6117.56.1155Flusilazole(氟哇唑)0.00566.219.5110.019.5119.63.2156Flutolanil(氟酰胺)0.010----114.513.0157Flutriafol(粉唑醇)0.005107.82.596.57.687.40.8158Fluxapyroxad(氟唑菌酰胺)0.00568.512.6108.412.6104.35.4

(續(xù)表3)

No.CompoundScreeninglimit(mg/kg)Spiked10μg/kgSpiked50μg/kgSpiked100μg/kgRecovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)165Heptachlor(七氯)0.005103.85.198.72.9108.05.5166Heptenophos(速殺硫磷)0.00599.215.9104.32.290.619.4167Hexaconazole(乙唑醇)0.005105.110.572.510.578.46.3168Hexazinone(六嗪同)0.005----101.614.5169Imazamethabenz-methyl(咪草酸)0.00599.611.2114.011.2119.55.9170Indoxacarb(茚蟲威)0.00589.65.8130.04.9106.20.9171Iodofenphos(碘硫磷)0.00598.512.585.312.5105.73.5172Iprobenfos(異稻瘟凈)0.00583.57.45379.9449.099.613.8173Isoprocarb(異丙威)0.00599.15.5114.23.695.619.1174Isopropalin(異樂靈)0.00592.62.699.36.398.88.2175Isoprothiolane(稻瘟靈)0.005118.65.5111.05.5116.95.4176Isoxadifen-ethyl(雙苯唑酸)0.005--112.94.995.45.5177Isoxaflutole(異氟草)0.005--177.61.6109.914.4178Isoxathion(唑磷)0.005--1418.977.9117.211.9179Kinoprene(烯蟲炔酯)0.005--88.111.587.69.0180Kresoxim-methyl(亞胺菌、苯氧菊酯)0.005--103.41.994.916.3181Lactofen(乳氟禾草靈)0.005--162.817.286.919.0182Malathion(馬拉賽昂)0.005--117.03.1117.57.3183MCPAbutoxyethylester(2-甲-4-氯丁氧乙基酯)0.005115.13.6105.12.0107.25.3184Mefenacet(苯噻草胺)0.005--107.610.9115.211.8185Mefenpyr-diethyl(吡咯二酸二乙酯)0.005100.42.6102.42.694.411.1186Mepronil(滅鈣胺)0.010118.04.0109.94.0117.99.2187Metalaxyl(甲霜靈)0.020102.811.8104.411.8114.27.0188Metazachlor(吡草胺)0.005--113.87.0119.810.4189Metconazole(葉菌唑)0.005--97.53.689.13.4190Methabenzthiazuron(甲基苯噻隆)0.00592.71.693.05.684.811.0191Methacrifos(蟲螨畏)0.00590.518.6103.618.6109.913.1192Methfuroxam(呋菌胺)0.00591.66.6119.35.899.61.9193Methidathion(殺撲磷)0.005--104.31.4105.97.5194Methoprene(蒙五一五)0.005----111.85.8195Methoprotryne(蓋草津)0.00598.93.0106.45.491.719.3196Methothrin(4-甲氧甲基芐基菊酸酯)0.005-123.02.7113.61.5197Methoxychlor(甲氧滴滴涕)0.00568.78.0104.78.0112.92.5198Metolachlor(異丙甲草安)0.00598.25.9111.64.496.018.4199Metolcarb(速滅威)0.00592.810.3100.25.0101.47.8200Metribuzin(賽克津)0.005--236.437.394.34.0201Mevinphos(速滅磷)0.005--118.67.1105.08.6202Mexacarbate(自克威)0.00575.57.698.06.294.49.9203MGK264(增效胺)0.010--110.79.3117.41.1204Mirex(滅蟻靈)0.00556.54.086.44.087.12.0205Molinate(草達(dá)滅)0.005--108.76.194.95.4206Monalide(庚酰草胺)0.00521.08.9101.41.7118.93.0207Muskketone(酮麝香)0.00598.65.797.90.6117.72.8208Myclobutanil(腈菌唑)0.005104.73.099.64.888.81.8209Napropamide(草奈胺)0.005--109.14.493.912.0210Nitrapyrin(氯定)0.010110.716.089.83.294.37.9211Nitrofen(除草醚)0.00583.413.2104.13.0117.45.3212Nitrothal-isopropyl(酞菌酯)0.010105.811.1105.711.1112.82.1213Nuarimol(環(huán)菌靈)0.005104.30.5106.15.8101.94.1214Octachlorostyrene(八氯苯乙烯)0.00574.60.292.80.284.42.5215Orbencarb(坪草丹)0.00590.93.8112.84.988.69.2

(續(xù)表3)

No.CompoundScreeninglimit(mg/kg)Spiked10μg/kgSpiked50μg/kgSpiked100μg/kgRecovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)222Pentachloroaniline(五氯苯胺)0.00590.15.876.63.795.35.2223Pentachloroanisole(五氯甲氧基苯)0.005117.34.883.61.597.23.5224Pentachlorobenzene(五氯苯)0.00593.414.291.18.774.33.0225Pentanochlor(蔬草滅)0.00596.42.8111.16.192.19.0226Perthane(乙滴涕)0.005--103.48.9106.04.6227Phenanthrene(菲)0.005109.34.194.44.1111.910.7228Phenthoate(稻豐散(冷凍))0.005102.06.3107.22.497.519.4229Phosalone(伏殺磷)0.005113.611.5118.611.5116.98.7230Phosfolan(硫環(huán)磷)0.005--116.716.088.217.3231Phthalicacid,benzylbutylester(鄰苯二甲酸丁芐酯)0.005111.84.6107.14.6114.49.9232Phthalimide(鄰苯二甲酰亞胺)0.005168.311.484.91.8119.110.3233Picolinafen(氟吡酰草胺)0.00573.15.482.98.173.212.0234Picoxystrobin(啶氧菌酯)0.005108.73.2101.61.290.811.4235Piperonylbutoxide(增效醚)0.01092.84.3106.57.9108.31.4236Piperophos(哌草磷)0.00555.946.7100.51.6119.47.1237Pirimicarb(抗蚜威)0.010106.85.7115.65.7116.813.7238Pirimiphos-ethyl(乙基蟲螨磷)0.00598.83.798.15.797.211.5239Pirimiphos-methyl(蟲螨磷)0.005103.54.8119.74.8101.112.3240Plifenate(三氯殺蟲酯)0.00593.911.797.54.1106.98.4241Pretilachlor(丙草胺)0.00590.12.6109.04.082.919.8242Procymidone(殺菌利)0.010----119.45.3243Profenofos(溴丙磷)0.005--99.23.2109.817.4244Profluralin(卡樂施)0.005104.75.3110.52.6116.310.8245Promecarb(猛殺威)0.005--117.112.9119.615.8246Prometon(撲滅通)0.010105.05.8113.35.8112.75.4247Propachlor(毒草安)0.005--109.03.3109.311.0248Propanil(敵稗、斯達(dá)姆)0.005--75.15.878.04.7249Propaphos(丙蟲磷)0.005102.57.7105.83.288.019.5250Propargite(克螨特)0.00579.52.9100.72.991.86.2251Propazine(撲滅津)0.00598.25.9108.71.798.712.7252Propetamphos(烯蟲磷)0.00598.05.5112.08.3101.610.1253Propham(苯胺靈)0.010145.87.494.69.997.81.2254Propisochlor(異丙草胺)0.00597.16.4104.61.596.613.7255Propyzamide(戊炔草胺)0.005103.77.5106.07.5119.83.6256Prosulfocarb(芐草丹)0.010110.63.7111.03.7106.914.6257Prothiofos(丙硫磷)0.005102.45.898.64.1108.94.8258Pyrazophos(定菌磷)0.005--92.89.6114.68.1259Pyributicarb(稗草畏)0.010118.78.1109.88.1109.412.2260Pyridaben(噠螨酮)0.010--111.82.5110.011.0261Pyridaphenthion(打殺磷)0.005115.110.9112.310.9116.16.1262Pyrifenox(啶斑肟)0.005112.79.6118.79.6112.49.7263Pyriftalid(環(huán)酯草醚)0.00592.819.7100.32.5109.34.5264Pyrimethanil(二甲嘧菌胺)0.005--84.34.675.215.5265Pyriproxyfen(吡丙醚)0.005--110.31.9110.512.5266Pyroquilon(咯喹酮)0.00597.28.597.53.087.36.3267Quinalphos(喹硫磷)0.00599.35.2106.35.2118.311.9268Quinoxyfen(快諾芬)0.00586.65.293.25.983.53.9269Quintozene(五氯硝基苯)0.00592.914.290.13.4104.111.7270Quizalofop-ethyl(喹禾靈)0.005111.08.385.48.395.312.9271Rabenzazole(吡咪唑)0.00596.22.997.14.088.68.6272Sebuthylazine(另丁津)0.005--109.52.8119.67.3

(續(xù)表3)

No.CompoundScreeninglimit(mg/kg)Spiked10μg/kgSpiked50μg/kgSpiked100μg/kgRecovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)Recovery(%)RSD(%)279Spiromesifen(螺甲螨酯)0.005--101.15.099.61.9280Sulfallate(草克死)0.00592.611.1100.17.8101.97.1281Sulfotep(治螟靈)0.005105.04.393.52.3119.01.4282Sulprofos(乙丙硫磷)0.00591.87.8110.27.8110.94.1283Tau-fluvalinate(氟胺氰菊酯)0.00585.97.5117.57.5111.60.5284TCMTB(清菌噻唑)0.005--61.46.6103.612.0285Tebuconazole(戊唑醇)0.005107.81.9100.96.7119.74.5286Tebufenpyrad(吡螨胺)0.005119.08.6119.78.6114.015.1287Tebupirimfos(丁基嘧啶磷)0.005110.74.099.94.4115.26.1288Tebuthiuron(特丁噻草隆)0.005--88.65.286.111.2289Tecnazene(四氯硝基苯)0.00578.210.6107.210.697.014.9290Teflubenzuron(伏蟲隆)0.005--72.714.6100.76.9291Tefluthrin(七氟菊酯)0.01091.07.794.64.0112.11.8292Terbucarb(特草靈)0.00595.44.1109.34.0114.012.0293Terbufos(特丁磷)0.010101.77.0115.67.0111.31.9294Terbumeton(甲氧去草凈)0.005--110.20.996.29.2295Terbuthylazine(特丁津)0.005107.55.2117.55.2119.73.9296Terbutryn(去草凈)0.005----118.43.7297tert-butyl-4-Hydroxyanisole(叔丁基-4-羥基苯甲醚)0.00585.711.0110.011.0111.86.3298Tetraconazole(氟醚唑)0.005--112.57.4118.73.5299Tetradifon(三氯殺螨砜、涕滴恩)0.005110.24.3102.42.7106.94.3300Tetramethrin(胺菊酯)0.010--118.63.2119.417.7301Tetrasul(殺螨好)0.00548.32.377.82.380.81.8302Thenylchlor(甲氧噻草胺)0.00597.88.4111.16.4107.43.7303Thiazopyr(噻草定)0.00589.62.3114.56.8100.47.8304Thionazin(蟲線磷)0.005116.96.7105.16.7103.516.5305Tolclofos-methyl(甲基立枯磷)0.010106.25.0106.65.0107.514.5306Tolfenpyrad(唑蟲酰胺)0.005--101.52.5112.27.0307Tralkoxydim(三甲苯草酮)0.005--149.82.3109.87.4308γ-Chlordane(γ-氯丹)0.00592.11.5118.41.5108.71.6309Transfluthrin(四氟菊酯)0.005104.33.4117.43.4115.12.0310Trans-permethrin(反式-氯菊酯)0.00568.34.8106.54.8104.92.4311Triadimefon(唑菌酮,粉銹寧)0.005----118.85.4312Triallate(野麥畏)0.00592.24.8104.36.586.313.5313Triapenthenol(抑芽唑)0.005--107.45.3117.210.6314Triazophos(三唑磷)0.00597.66.8117.76.781.417.0315Tridiphane(滅草環(huán))0.00596.07.4119.47.4117.41.0316Trietazine(草達(dá)津)0.005107.04.2108.84.2113.67.1317Trifloxystrobin(肟菌酯)0.005102.91.7107.15.093.915.4318Trifluralin(氯樂靈)0.00591.910.1116.010.1106.54.2319Triphenylphosphate(三苯基磷酸鹽)0.00599.42.2119.04.796.210.4320Uniconazole(烯效唑)0.005105.73.0101.48.586.75.6321Vernolate(滅草猛)0.010--113.37.9119.84.5322Vinclozolin(烯菌酮)0.005127.74.1107.75.9116.75.7

2.4 基質(zhì)效應(yīng)

半夏中所含的基質(zhì)成分比較復(fù)雜,其中含有大量的糖類、蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪酸等不易揮發(fā)性物質(zhì),而此類物質(zhì)易在進(jìn)樣口活性點(diǎn)位富集。一方面由于活性點(diǎn)占據(jù),減少了農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物的吸附量;另一方面也抑制了農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物在活性點(diǎn)的降解。因此,不易揮發(fā)物質(zhì)(糖類、油脂、蛋白質(zhì)等)的含量越高,基質(zhì)效應(yīng)越強(qiáng)[10]。當(dāng)基質(zhì)效應(yīng)影響過大時(shí),會(huì)降低方法的靈敏度,影響方法的準(zhǔn)確性,因此,需要對(duì)基質(zhì)效應(yīng)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。評(píng)價(jià)的方法為:基質(zhì)效應(yīng)=(1-基質(zhì)匹配標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線的斜率/純?nèi)軇?biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線的斜率)×100%[11]。結(jié)果表明在322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物中普遍存在基質(zhì)效應(yīng),其中3.2%屬于較弱基質(zhì)效應(yīng),5.7% 屬于中等強(qiáng)度基質(zhì)效應(yīng),91.0% 為強(qiáng)基質(zhì)效應(yīng)。本實(shí)驗(yàn)采用對(duì)應(yīng)的空白基質(zhì)配制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線進(jìn)行校正,一定程度上減弱了基質(zhì)效應(yīng)對(duì)目標(biāo)化合物的影響。

2.5 實(shí)際樣品的測(cè)定

為驗(yàn)證該方法的可靠性,對(duì)從云南、江西、甘肅和河北等地購買的62批半夏樣品進(jìn)行測(cè)定。各產(chǎn)地半夏樣品中均篩查出的農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物有2-苯基苯酚、二氧威、二苯胺、速滅威、五氯硝基苯、五氯苯胺、西瑪津和五氯苯。除此之外,江西省的14批中有6批篩查出新燕靈、久效唑;云南13批中有3批篩查出苯醚氰菊酯、克螨特;河北19批中有11批篩查出甲基立枯磷、鄰苯二甲酰亞胺、草滅特;甘肅16批中有9批篩查出庚酰草胺、西瑪津。其中,甘肅1 個(gè)樣品中檢出的2-苯基苯酚和右旋烯丙菊酯,其濃度分別為109.0 μg/kg和175.6 μg/kg,超出歐盟規(guī)定的中草藥中關(guān)于2-苯基苯酚和右旋烯丙菊酯的最大殘留量要求(0.05 mg/kg)。

3 結(jié) 論

本研究采用氣相色譜-四極桿/飛行時(shí)間質(zhì)譜(GC-Q-TOF/MS)方法進(jìn)行測(cè)定,分散固相萃取進(jìn)行樣品前處理,建立了半夏中322種農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物殘留的快速篩查方法,并運(yùn)用該方法檢測(cè)了云南、江西、甘肅和河北等地市售半夏樣品。結(jié)果表明,該方法具有良好的靈敏度、準(zhǔn)確度和精密度,篩查限滿足國內(nèi)外相關(guān)藥典對(duì)藥材中農(nóng)藥及化學(xué)污染物殘留的檢測(cè)要求,為切實(shí)提高半夏質(zhì)量安全水平,降低健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提供了一種快速、高效、可靠的分析手段。

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Rapid Screening and Quantitative Analysis of 322 Pesticide Residues in Pinellia by Gas Chromatography-Quadruple Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

LI Chun-miao1,2,HU Xue-yan2*,F(xiàn)AN Chun-lin2,ZHANG Bo-lun1,2,PENG Tao2,CHANG Qiao-ying2,PANG Guo-fang2*,WANG Wen-wen3

(1.School of Food and Chemical Engineering,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;2.Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China;3.Agilent Technologies,Inc,Beijing 100102,China)

An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 322 pesticides and chemical pollutants in Pinellia was established based on optimized dispersive solid phase extraction sample preparation method with gas chromatography-quadruple time of flight mass spectrometry(GC-Q-TOF/MS).The influences of different extraction solvents,buffer salt systems and purifing agents on the recoveries of pesticides and chemical pollutants were investigsted.The pesticides and chemical pollutants in the samples were extracted with acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid and acetic acid-sodium acetate,then cleaned-up with mixed sorbents and analyzed by GC-Q-TOF/MS under TOF mode.The results showed that 84.2% of the 322 pesticides and chemical pollutants were limited to 5 μg/kg and 14.6% of the pesticides and chemical pollutants were screened to 10 μg/kg.The recoveries at the spiked levels of 10,50,100 μg/kg were in the ranges of 70.2%-119.5%,70.6%-119.8% and 70.2%-119.9%,respectively.The relative standard deviations(RSD) were 0.2%-19.7%,0.2%-19.5% and 0.5%-20.0%,respectively.Compared to the original DSPE method,the proposed method was more efficient,rapid,sensitivie and accurate.It is suitable for the rapid screening and quantitative analysis of 322 pesticide residues and chemical pollutants in Pinellia.

dispersive solid phase extraction(DSPE);GC-Q-TOF/MS;Pinellia;multi-residue pesticides

10.3969/j.issn.1004-4957.2017.04.001

O657.63;F767.2

A

1004-4957(2017)04-0431-18

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