By+Trevor+Huxham
《堂吉訶德》作為世界名著,其主人公堂吉訶德大戰(zhàn)風(fēng)車(chē)的故事為許多人所知曉,不過(guò),盡管故事是虛構(gòu)的,故事中的風(fēng)車(chē)在現(xiàn)實(shí)中卻真的存在。現(xiàn)在,不妨跟隨下文去西班牙拉曼恰地區(qū),看一看堂吉訶德的風(fēng)車(chē)吧。
Right before I came back home to ?beda from traveling across France and northern Spain, I stopped off2) for two nights in a medium-sized town called Alcázar de San Juan about two hours south of Madrid in the flat region called La Mancha.
One night, my friends took me to Campo de Criptana, which is famous for its collection of ten well-preserved traditional windmills. Yes—Don Quixote-style windmills. I freaked out3); they were so cool!
It must have been junior high or high school when I had to read the entire first volume of Don Quixote for summer reading and it took me the entire three months to plow through4) the translation. In the novel, the protagonist5) Don Quixote of La Mancha, having read far too many medieval romances of knights going on valiant6) quests, sallies7) forth and looks for chivalric8) deeds to do. Early on in the story he encounters windmills (such as the ones you can still find today in the region), and, confusing them for giants because he is crazy, intends to battle them. Thankfully his servant Sancho Panza brings him back down to earth9) and informs him that it's just windmills he sees on the hill.
Because of this novel, the region's windmills have become quite the destination for tourists who want to either have centuries-old literature come to life or act out their own quixotic10) fantasies.
Back in Alcázar de San Juan, we traveled around four windmills, two of which were open: one of them housed a little science museum about the region's ecosystem11), and another had a restored grain mill that I was told is used once a month for educational purposes. On the top floor of the windmill were about 16 small, square windows used for determining which direction the wind was blowing (and to determine which way to orient the wind-catching sails). All 16 "winds" each had a different name.
But there's so much more to La Mancha than windmills and a cheesy12) tourist industry that takes way too much advantage of the 400-year-old book. Many of the houses in the villages here are painted in a traditional blue-and-white color scheme. The walls recall the nearby whitewashed13) windmills standing against a pure blue sky.
This unassuming14) region is also home to one of my favorite Spanish foods, pisto manchego15). Although recipes will vary from grandma to grandma, this tomato- and veggie-based plate is a hearty comfort food.
結(jié)束穿越法國(guó)和西班牙北部的旅行后,就在返程回烏貝達(dá)的途中,我在阿爾卡薩爾-德圣胡安逗留了兩晚。這是一個(gè)中等規(guī)模的小鎮(zhèn),位于馬德里以南大約兩小時(shí)車(chē)程的拉曼恰平原上。
其中一晚,朋友帶我去了克里布達(dá)那村,這里因收藏有十架保存完好的傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)車(chē)而聞名遐邇。沒(méi)錯(cuò),就是堂吉訶德式的風(fēng)車(chē)。我喜出望外,它們簡(jiǎn)直棒極了!
應(yīng)該是在初三或者高中的時(shí)候,為了完成暑假的閱讀作業(yè),我必須讀完整本《堂吉訶德》第一卷。我花了整整三個(gè)月的時(shí)間刻苦鉆研那個(gè)英譯本。在這部小說(shuō)中,堂吉訶德這個(gè)來(lái)自拉曼恰的主人公讀了太多中世紀(jì)關(guān)于騎士的浪漫主義小說(shuō),書(shū)中那些騎士勇于探索,奮勇向前,尋找可以讓他們行俠仗義的事情去做。在故事的開(kāi)頭,堂吉訶德遇到了一架架風(fēng)車(chē)(比如這種如今你仍能在這個(gè)地區(qū)看到的風(fēng)車(chē)),他瘋瘋癲癲,錯(cuò)把這些風(fēng)車(chē)當(dāng)成了巨人,想要和它們作戰(zhàn)。謝天謝地,他的侍者桑丘·潘薩把他拉回了現(xiàn)實(shí),并告訴他他看到的只不過(guò)是山上的風(fēng)車(chē)而已。
因?yàn)檫@部小說(shuō)的緣故,這里的風(fēng)車(chē)已經(jīng)成了許多游客前來(lái)游玩的一大目標(biāo),這些游客要么是想看到幾個(gè)世紀(jì)前的文學(xué)作品變成現(xiàn)實(shí),要么就是想上演一段自己的堂吉訶德式幻想劇。
在返回阿爾卡薩爾-德圣胡安的路上,我們參觀了四架風(fēng)車(chē),其中有兩架風(fēng)車(chē)對(duì)游客開(kāi)放。一架風(fēng)車(chē)內(nèi)建有一座關(guān)于該地區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的小科技館;而另一架風(fēng)車(chē)內(nèi)則有一臺(tái)修復(fù)好的磨谷物的石磨,有人告訴我這個(gè)石磨如今被用于教學(xué),每個(gè)月使用一次。在風(fēng)車(chē)的最頂層大約有16個(gè)方形的小窗,用來(lái)確定風(fēng)向,并據(jù)此來(lái)決定該如何調(diào)整風(fēng)車(chē)扇葉的方向。這16個(gè)“風(fēng)窗”的名字都各不相同。
但拉曼恰可絕不僅僅只有風(fēng)車(chē)以及把那本有著400年歷史的《堂吉訶德》利用到極致的廉價(jià)旅游業(yè)。這兒大大小小的村落里有很多被粉刷成傳統(tǒng)藍(lán)白配色的房屋,房屋的墻壁會(huì)令人們想到附近那些屹立在湛藍(lán)色天空下的白色風(fēng)車(chē)。
這個(gè)低調(diào)的地方也是我非常喜歡的一種西班牙美食的家鄉(xiāng),那種美食就是西班牙燉菜。盡管祖母輩的人烹制這道菜所用的食譜各不相同,但是這道以西紅柿和蔬菜為主的佳肴卻是一道讓人舒心的食物。
《堂吉訶德》書(shū)封
1. Don Quixote:《堂吉訶德》,西班牙文學(xué)史上最偉大的作家米格爾·德·塞萬(wàn)提斯·薩維德拉(Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, 1547~1616)的著名代表作,被稱(chēng)為是文學(xué)史上的第一部現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)。
2. stop off: 中途逗留
3. freak out: 極度興奮
4. plow through: 刻苦鉆研
5. protagonist [pr??t?g?n?st] n. 主人公
6. valiant [?v?li?nt] adj. 勇敢的;無(wú)畏的
7. sally [?s?li] vi. 奮身前往
8. chivalric ['??v?lr?k] adj. 騎士制度的;騎士精神的
9. bring sb. back down to earth: 把某人帶回現(xiàn)實(shí)
10. quixotic [kw?k?s?t?k] adj. 堂吉訶德式的
11. ecosystem: 請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)P53注釋1
12. cheesy [?t?i?zi] adj. 廉價(jià)的;劣質(zhì)的
13. whitewash [?wa?tw??] vt. 用石灰水粉刷
14. unassuming [??n??sju?m??]
adj. 低調(diào)的;謙遜的;不招搖的
15. pisto manchego: 西班牙燉菜