□ 文/本刊記者 唐綱

重振雄風(fēng)，讓重慶中醫(yī)藥走進(jìn)“一帶一路”

□ 文/本刊記者 唐綱

1月16日，國家中醫(yī)藥管理局、國家發(fā)展和改革委員會共同發(fā)布了《中醫(yī)藥“一帶一路”發(fā)展規(guī)劃（2016—2020年）》。7月1日，我國首部《中華人民共和國中醫(yī)藥法》（簡稱《中醫(yī)藥法》）正式實施?，F(xiàn)在，我國中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展已上升為國家戰(zhàn)略，中醫(yī)藥“走出去”正迎來最好發(fā)展時期。重慶中醫(yī)藥也將重振雄風(fēng)，走進(jìn)“一帶一路”。

中醫(yī)藥的“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略

2015年12月，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平致信祝賀中國中醫(yī)科學(xué)院成立60周年時說，中醫(yī)藥學(xué)是中國古代科學(xué)的瑰寶，也是打開中華文明寶庫的鑰匙，當(dāng)前要“推動中醫(yī)藥走向世界”。

“走向世界”，中國中醫(yī)藥的道路由此變得十分廣闊。那么，眼下最現(xiàn)實的路子在哪里呢？就在“一帶一路”上。

2017年1月18日，瑞士日內(nèi)瓦。國家主席習(xí)近平與世界衛(wèi)生組織總干事陳馮富珍，共同見證了中國政府和世衛(wèi)組織簽署“一帶一路”衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域合作諒解備忘錄，并出席中國向世衛(wèi)組織贈送針灸銅人雕塑儀式。這個渾身布滿穴位的銅人雕塑，頓時吸引了世界目光。這次“合作”，重點就在包括中醫(yī)藥等傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域。

無疑，當(dāng)前“一帶一路”是中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展的新契機。為此，國家中醫(yī)藥管理局、國家發(fā)展和改革委員會在今年1月16日專門發(fā)布了《中醫(yī)藥“一帶一路”發(fā)展規(guī)劃（201—2020年）》?！兑?guī)劃》提出，未來5年將著力加強中醫(yī)藥國際醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系建設(shè)、中醫(yī)藥國際教育及文化傳播體系建設(shè)、中醫(yī)藥國際科技體系建設(shè)、中醫(yī)藥國際貿(mào)易體系建設(shè)，力爭到2020年，我國中醫(yī)藥“一帶一路”全方位合作新格局基本形成，國內(nèi)政策支撐體系和國際協(xié)調(diào)機制逐步完善，基本建成30個中醫(yī)藥海外中心，頒布20項中醫(yī)藥國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，注冊100種中藥產(chǎn)品，建設(shè)50家中醫(yī)藥對外交流合作示范基地。

該《規(guī)劃》不僅將我國中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展上升到了國家戰(zhàn)略，而且將大力助推中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)走向世界、走進(jìn)“一帶一路”。

今年7月1日，幾經(jīng)審議的中國首部《中醫(yī)藥法》正式施行。這部對中醫(yī)藥行業(yè)發(fā)展具有里程碑意義的法律第九條明確規(guī)定：國家支持中醫(yī)藥對外交流與合作，促進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥的國際傳播和應(yīng)用。這就為推動中醫(yī)藥走向世界、走進(jìn)“一帶一路”作出了具體的法律規(guī)定。

近年來，以中醫(yī)藥為代表的傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)在世界范圍內(nèi)健康發(fā)展，中醫(yī)藥的國際合作有著良好的基礎(chǔ)和廣闊的空間。中國外文局不久前發(fā)布的《中國國家形象全球調(diào)查報告2015》顯示，中醫(yī)藥首次超過武術(shù)，成為最能體現(xiàn)中國文化的代表元素。據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織統(tǒng)計，目前103個會員國認(rèn)可使用針灸，18個國家和地區(qū)還將針灸納入了醫(yī)療保險體系。

② 1980年在桂林召開《實用中醫(yī)內(nèi)科學(xué)》第二次編委會衛(wèi)生部副部長、國家中醫(yī)藥管理局局長：胡熙明（前排右一）執(zhí)行主編：黃星垣（二排右一）、董建華（前排右五）、鄧鐵濤（前排右四）、李克光（前排右三）、金壽山（前排右六）、陳可冀（前排左四）、李迪臣（前排左一）嚴(yán)世蕓（二排右二）、周仲瑛（二排右三）、丘和明（二排右四）、王琦（二排左三）、郭子光（二排左五）、王永炎（后排右二）、郭銘信（后排右三）、周文泉（后排右四）馬有度（后排左一）、張發(fā)榮（后排左五）、李明富（后排左四）、楊天海（后排右五）

重慶中醫(yī)藥的“一帶一路”雄風(fēng)

6月中旬，在《中醫(yī)藥法》正式實施之前，本刊記者采訪了馬有度教授。馬有度，國務(wù)院特殊津貼專家、全國首席中醫(yī)健康科普專家、著名中醫(yī)學(xué)家、重慶市中醫(yī)藥顧問團專家、重慶市中醫(yī)藥學(xué)會名譽會長，人稱“小馬哥”。81歲高齡的他現(xiàn)在仍坐診看病。

“面對國家發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥的大好形勢，重慶中醫(yī)藥要重振雄風(fēng)，走向世界，走進(jìn)‘一帶一路’?！瘪R有度剛見記者，就這樣擲地有聲地說。

“小馬哥”介紹說，“巴蜀出名醫(yī)”，重慶曾經(jīng)有深厚的中醫(yī)根基?？v觀重慶百年，名醫(yī)輩出。民國之前，重慶藥材大市場在全國獨占頭名，近代重慶陪都全國名醫(yī)聚集，抗戰(zhàn)救護(hù)，行善積德，良醫(yī)施術(shù)，靈藥解困。解放后，重慶也聚集了大批優(yōu)秀的中醫(yī)藥人才。1956年，重慶著名中醫(yī)大家吳棹仙在全國政協(xié)會議上向毛澤東主席敬獻(xiàn)“子午流注環(huán)周圖”，極大地擴大了重慶中醫(yī)界的影響，傳為佳話。曾擔(dān)任中華全國中醫(yī)學(xué)會副會長、衛(wèi)生部藥典委員會委員、衛(wèi)生部藥品審評委員會委員的凌一揆(1925—1992)，重慶永川人，他是第一批享受政府特殊津貼的專家，也是我國第一位中藥學(xué)博士導(dǎo)師、國家級重點學(xué)科中藥學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)帶頭人。全國著名中醫(yī)泰斗、中醫(yī)教育家任應(yīng)秋教授是1951年成立的重慶市中醫(yī)進(jìn)修學(xué)校教務(wù)長，而從重慶赴京的方藥中教授是我國第一個在北京中醫(yī)研究院開創(chuàng)中醫(yī)研究生班的中醫(yī)學(xué)家，他們都為中國的中醫(yī)研究生教育作出了突出貢獻(xiàn)。

還有中醫(yī)內(nèi)科專家黃星垣。1983年，衛(wèi)生部在重慶召開全國中醫(yī)急癥工作會議，重慶成為全國中醫(yī)急癥工作的一面旗幟，黃老就是高舉這面大旗的旗手，從而吸引全國眾多老中青中醫(yī)藥專家紛紛投入中醫(yī)急癥研究的熱潮。

“這些都是全國中醫(yī)藥界能夠振臂一呼的領(lǐng)軍人物，他們也奠定了重慶中醫(yī)藥在全國的時代地位?！瘪R有度這樣評價說。

中醫(yī)大家輩出之地，重慶中醫(yī)藥也早已“走出去”，走進(jìn)了現(xiàn)在被稱為“一帶一路”的旅途。記者在采訪中發(fā)現(xiàn)，由馬有度獨著的《醫(yī)方新解》就被日本同類著作《中醫(yī)處方解說》列為第一部中國原著參考書，他主編的《中醫(yī)精華淺說》由我國臺灣知音出版社用繁體字出版向海外發(fā)行。1983年，他編著的中醫(yī)科普處女作《家庭中醫(yī)顧問》問世，獲全國優(yōu)秀科普作品獎，繼而日本醫(yī)學(xué)博士龍川巖先生遠(yuǎn)渡重洋來到重慶與他面談，龍川巖先生在古稀之年奮力將其譯成日文，并從1989年起在日本《漢方研究》雜志連載，同時，我國臺灣牛頓出版社出版該書繁體字版向海外發(fā)行。他主編的《走好中醫(yī)科普路》也獲得了世界華人科普佳作獎。這都對促進(jìn)中華文化的海外交流，推進(jìn)重慶中醫(yī)藥向世界人民傳播，具有重要意義。

時間拉回到現(xiàn)在。2016年6月，重慶婷雅麗商貿(mào)有限公司與匈牙利佳成國際貿(mào)易有限公司達(dá)成戰(zhàn)略合作意向，將中國中醫(yī)藥養(yǎng)生文化傳到匈牙利及歐盟地區(qū)。匈牙利駐重慶總領(lǐng)事羅瀾出席。據(jù)悉，雙方把傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)藥理論、現(xiàn)代細(xì)胞學(xué)說、食療養(yǎng)生三者融合于一體，服務(wù)于肥胖者減肥塑身。他們的合作，讓中國的五千年中醫(yī)藥養(yǎng)生健康文化傳播到匈牙利及歐盟地區(qū)這些“一帶一路”的國度。

類似的例子還很多。無疑，眼下重慶中醫(yī)藥走進(jìn)“一帶一路”的節(jié)奏在快馬加鞭。2017年1月，重慶市政府辦公廳發(fā)布了《重慶市衛(wèi)生計生發(fā)展“十三五”規(guī)劃》，其中特別提出要“加強中醫(yī)藥傳統(tǒng)知識保護(hù)，弘揚中醫(yī)藥文化，擴大中醫(yī)藥對外交流與合作”。2月28日，召開的2017年重慶市中醫(yī)工作會議又特別提出要“推進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥文化建設(shè)和對外交流”，探索建立中醫(yī)藥對外交流新模式，建立中醫(yī)藥對外交流中心。

重振重慶中醫(yī)藥雄風(fēng)，就要立足重慶，面向全國，走向世界，“軟”“硬”兼施，既要展示中醫(yī)藥養(yǎng)生文化這些“軟實力”，又要推出防治疾病的優(yōu)質(zhì)保健產(chǎn)品、中藥產(chǎn)品，展現(xiàn)重慶中醫(yī)藥的“硬實力”。比如，馬有度編著的《健康人生快樂百年》是中華養(yǎng)生保健理念與踐行的生動體現(xiàn)，既傳承了中華養(yǎng)生文化精華，又展示了當(dāng)今世界保健新知。本書一版再版三版，重印九次，在國內(nèi)廣為傳播，如果能譯成外文，通過“一帶一路”向世界傳播，或能成為重慶中醫(yī)藥走向“一帶一路”的形象大使。

據(jù)了解，今后，重慶中醫(yī)藥將更加主動地加強與“一帶一路”國家（地區(qū)）的國際交流與合作，加強中醫(yī)藥的行業(yè)交流、學(xué)術(shù)交流、文化交流、貿(mào)易往來，甚至可能在“一帶一路”與他國共建中醫(yī)中心等，切實讓重慶中醫(yī)藥走進(jìn)“一帶一路”。

2016年11月，在重慶主持召開“全國中醫(yī)院發(fā)展對策研討暨經(jīng)驗交流會”。前排：重慶市政協(xié)副主席竇瑞華（左六），市衛(wèi)生局黨組書記陳衛(wèi)平（左四），市衛(wèi)生局副局長方明金（左三），成都中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)黨委副書記孫靈根（左二），原國家中醫(yī)藥管理局醫(yī)政司副司長陳珞珈（右四），四川省中醫(yī)藥管理局局長楊殿興（右三），廣東省中醫(yī)院院長呂玉波（右二），名老中醫(yī)夏睿明（右六），馬有度（右五）。

2014年7月海峽兩岸四地中醫(yī)藥文化科普發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研討會暨《走好中醫(yī)科普路》首發(fā)式在重慶舉行，圖為會議啟動儀式。重慶市人大副主任杜黎明（中），重慶市衛(wèi)計委主任、市中醫(yī)局局長屈謙（右三），中國中醫(yī)藥出版社社長王國辰（左三），重慶市科協(xié)副主席張基榮（左一），成都中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)教授馬烈光（右二），重慶市中醫(yī)藥學(xué)會名譽會長馬有度（左二），重慶市中醫(yī)藥學(xué)會會長周天寒（右一）。

事實上，現(xiàn)在全國各地都在進(jìn)行中醫(yī)藥“走出去”的探索實踐。比如，甘肅省，近年來就借力“一帶一路”，在俄羅斯、法國、新西蘭和烏克蘭等8國建立了岐黃中醫(yī)學(xué)院，在吉爾吉斯斯坦等4國建立了岐黃中醫(yī)中心；四川省，先后在俄羅斯、黑山、捷克、馬其頓等“一帶一路”沿線國家建立起中醫(yī)藥海外中心，由四川派出中醫(yī)醫(yī)生，對方提供場地，共同開展中醫(yī)診療工作；廣西壯族自治區(qū)，連續(xù)舉辦了三屆中國—東盟傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥高峰論壇，中國—東盟傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥交流合作中心也落戶在該自治區(qū)……

“重振重慶中醫(yī)藥雄風(fēng)，讓重慶中醫(yī)藥真正走進(jìn)‘一帶一路’?！边@是重慶中醫(yī)藥界共同的心聲。

呼喚成立重慶獨立的中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)

要讓重慶中醫(yī)藥走進(jìn)“一帶一路”，中醫(yī)藥人才隊伍建設(shè)不可忽視。

7月1日實施的《中醫(yī)藥法》也對中醫(yī)藥人才的培養(yǎng)給予了足夠的重視，要求“建立適應(yīng)中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展需要、規(guī)模適宜、結(jié)構(gòu)合理、形式多樣的中醫(yī)藥教育體系，培養(yǎng)中醫(yī)藥人才”。

據(jù)了解，重慶原本擁有深厚的中醫(yī)藥教育根基。1951年成立的重慶市中醫(yī)進(jìn)修學(xué)校，就曾被時任衛(wèi)生部副部長兼國家中醫(yī)藥管理局局長胡熙明譽為“中醫(yī)黃埔”，任應(yīng)秋、方藥中等都是我國中醫(yī)藥教育大家。然而，上世紀(jì)六十年代以來，重慶中醫(yī)藥人才培養(yǎng)明顯滯后。改革開放后，雖然我市出臺了不少扶持中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展的政策，重慶市中醫(yī)院也大步向前發(fā)展，但卻一直邁不過人才這個坎。

特別讓重慶中醫(yī)藥界著急的是，重慶至今還沒有一所獨立的中醫(yī)藥高等院校，雖然重慶目前擁有了中醫(yī)學(xué)博士點，但中醫(yī)藥拔尖人才的培養(yǎng)仍嚴(yán)重不足，缺乏在全國有影響力的、振臂一呼的領(lǐng)軍人物。目前，全國只有寥寥幾個省沒有獨立的中醫(yī)藥高等院校了，重慶就是其中之一，這與直轄市的地位很不匹配。中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)是一個聚集人才的大平臺。沒有這個平臺，就難以吸引和聚集中醫(yī)藥高層次人才。

“人才問題已成為制約重慶中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展的最大瓶頸。”業(yè)界一直在呼喚，希望重慶能建立自己獨立的中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)。

同時，為了重振我市中醫(yī)藥雄風(fēng)，馬有度教授與我市中醫(yī)藥界有識之士在《中醫(yī)藥法》實施之際，還特別提出如下建議：

1、加強和完善中醫(yī)藥管理機構(gòu)建設(shè)，為重慶中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展保駕護(hù)航。

2、完善中醫(yī)藥研究院等科研平臺建設(shè)，及時把握中醫(yī)藥研究前沿。

3、進(jìn)一步加強以太極集團為主的中醫(yī)藥產(chǎn)業(yè)建設(shè)，讓中醫(yī)藥產(chǎn)品走進(jìn)“一帶一路”。

4、進(jìn)一步充實完善重慶市中醫(yī)藥顧問團，充分發(fā)揮其作用，為政府制定中醫(yī)藥政策建言獻(xiàn)策。

（圖片由受訪者提供）

The release of the Belt and Road Initiative Development Plan for Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) and the implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Traditional Chinese Medicine on July 1, 2017 all lay special emphasis on supporting the international exchange and cooperation of TCM as well as promoting it to the world.

On January 16, 2017, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the National Development and Reform Commission jointly released the Belt and Road Initiative Development Plan for Traditional Chinese Medicine (2016-2020) . On July 1, 2017, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Traditional Chinese Medicine (the Law of TCM for short) will be carried out formally. And now, the development of TCM of our country has risen to the national strategy and the “Going out” of TCM has ushered the best period of development. The TCM of Chongqing will also show its lost glory in the Belt and Road.

The Belt and Road Initiative for TCM

On January 16, 2017, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the National Development and Reform Commission jointly released the Belt and Road Initiative Development Plan for Traditional Chinese Medicine (2016-2020). The Development Plan pointed out that our country would spare no efforts to promote the construction of the international medical service system of TCM, the construction of education and cultural communication system of TCM, the construction of the international technology system of TCM and the construction of the international trade system of TCM in the next fi ve years. We hope that by the year of 2020, the new pattern of all-round cooperation for the Belt and Road of TCM will have been basically formed and the domestic policy supporting system and the traditional coordination will have been gradually improved. Abundant accomplishments will be achieved, such as 30 overseas centers for TCM will be established; 20 international standards will be promulgated; more than 100 products for TCM will be registered; and 50 demonstration bases for foreign exchange and cooperation of TCM will be established.

The Development Plan plays an important role in escalating the development of TCM of our country to the national strategy as well as in promoting the development of TCM to go globally and show its lost glory in the Belt and Road.

On July 1, 2017, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Traditional Chinese Medicine (the Law of TCM for short) that was deliberated for several times before will be offi cially implemented, which is a milestone for the development of the industry of TCM. In this Law, the Article 9 explicitly stipulates that our country supports the foreign exchange and cooperation of TCM and promotes the international dissemination and application of TCM, which provides specifi c law regulations for TCM.

The Glory of Chongqing’s TCM in the Belt and Road

In the middle of June, our journalist had an interview with Professor Ma Youdu before the offi cial launch of the Law of TCM. Professor Ma Youdu who is called “Buddy Ma” by people around him has many honorary titles, such as State Council Expert for Special Allowance, National Chief Health Science Expert for TCM, Famous TCM Doctor, Expert in TCM Advisory Group of Chongqing and the Honorary President of the Society of TCM in Chongqing. Although he is now in his eighties, he is still on the doctor’s appointment.

“Chongqing’s TCM should spare no efforts to show its lost glory in the Belt and Road Initiative in the face of the good situation that our country strives to develop the TCM.” Professor Ma spoke so powerfully to our journalist when they just met each other.

Professor Ma told our journalist that Sichuan and Chongqing are famous for the birth of famous doctors. Besides, Chongqing used to have a long history of TCM. Dating back to the period of the

Republic of China, the medicinal material market of Chongqing was very famous. In modern times, Chongqing as a wartime capital gathered many famous doctors who fought for the aid of the wounded and did good deeds. After the foundation of PRC, Chongqing also gathered a large number of excellent Chinese medicine talents. In 1956, Wu Zhaoxian, a well-known TCM doctor, presented respectfully “the meridian circle chart” to Chairman Mao at the national committee of the CPPCC, which greatly expanded the influence of the Chinese medicine community of Chongqing. Ling Yikui(1925-1992) who was born in Yongchuan District of Chongqing served as the vice president of China Association of Chinese Medicine, the member of the pharmacopoeia committee of the Ministry of Health and the member of the committee of drug evaluation of the Ministry of Health. He was not only the fi rst expert to enjoy the special government allowances but also the fi rst doctoral supervisor in the fi eld of TCM and the academic leader of the TCM , the state-level key discipline. Professor Ren Yingqiu, the leading authority and educator of TCM is the dean of TCM Training School of Chongqing which was established in 1951. Professor Fang Yaozhong who was sent to Beijing from Chongqing is the fi rst TCM doctor establishing the medical graduate class in Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Both of them make great contributions to China’s graduate education of TCM.

The TCM physician Huang Xingyuan is another expert that should not be ignored. In 1983, the Ministry of Health held a national working conference on TCM emergency in Chongqing. As a result, Chongqing became the banner in dealing with the TCM emergency nationally. Expert Huang is the very person who holds high the banner, attracting the attention of many experts in the fi eld of TCM in the study of TCM emergency.

Professor Ma remarked that, “These are the leaders of the national medical community who have been able to make a big presence in the country. All of them lay a solid foundation for Chongqing’s TCM in the country.”

Chongqing’s TCM has already gone out and participated in the Belt and Road. Our journalist found out that A New Approach to Medicine Prescription written by Professor Ma has been treated as the first Chinese original reference book by the Interpretation of TCM Prescription in Japan. Besides, A Brief Introduction of the Essence of TCM edited by Professor Ma is published by Taiwan Zhiyin Publishing House in traditional Chinese characters. In 1983, the TCM Consultant of Family edited by Professor Ma was published and awarded the prize of national excellent science works. Afterwards, the Japanese medical Doctor Tatukawaiwa came to Chongqing to talk with him face to face. Mr. Long spared no efforts to translate this book into Japanese. After its translation, this book was published in instalments in the Japanese magazine The Research of Chinese Prescription since 1989. At the same time, Taiwan Newton Publishing House published the traditional Chinese version of this book. Another book written by him also won a prize. All of theses discussed above are of great signifi cance to promote the overseas exchange of Chinese culture and promote the dissemination of Chongqing’s TCM to the world.

At present, Chongqing’s TCM is quickening its pace to show itself in the Belt and Road. In January 2017, the General Office of Chongqing Municipal Government issued the 13th Five Year Plan for the Development of Chongqing’s Family Planning, in which it proposed to strengthen the protection of the knowledge of TCM, carry forward the TCM culture and expand foreign exchange and cooperation of TCM. On February 28, 2017, the TCM working conference was held. The meeting pointed out that it was imperative to promote the cultural construction and foreign exchange of TCM, explore the establishment of a new model for the foreign exchange of TCM and establish a foreign exchange center.

It is understood that in the future Chongqing’s TCM will be more proactive in strengthening the international exchange and cooperation with countries or regions along the Belt and Road, enhancing the communication of industry, academy, culture and trade. Besides, it is possible to build the medical center with countries along the Belt and Road to truly allow TCM of Chongqing to enter into the Belt and Road.

The Call for the Establishment of University of TCM in Chongqing

To show its presence in the Belt and Road, the construction of TCM talent team of Chongqing should not be ignored.

However, currently Chongqing has not had an independent university of TCM. Although Chongqing at present has a doctoral education in the fi eld of TCM, yet the cultivation of the top-notch talents of TCM is far from enough and it lacks some influential leaders compared with other areas in China. Currently, only several provinces do not set up the independent colleges or universities of TCM and Chongqing is a typical example of them, which does not match the status of a municipality directly under the central government. The university of TCM is a platform that can gather the top-notch talents. Without this platform, it is diffi cult to introduce high-level talents in the fi eld of TCM.

“The problem of talents has become the biggest obstacle that limits the development of Chongqing’s TCM.” The circle of TCM in Chongqing has always been calling for the need for constructing its own independent university of TCM.

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Redeem the Lost Glory: Put the TCM of Chongqing into the Belt and Road

□ Article/Journalist Tang Gang