田慧敏,劉鐵志,李曉東,呂曉娜,那 瑩
(赤峰學(xué)院 生命科學(xué)學(xué)院,內(nèi)蒙古 赤峰 024000)
本研究對(duì)西拉木淪河流經(jīng)區(qū)域,巴林右旗、翁牛特旗和阿魯科爾沁旗等地大型真菌的種類和分布進(jìn)行調(diào)查和研究,采用傳統(tǒng)方法進(jìn)行鑒定、分類,并查閱資料鑒定[1-15],共鑒定出大型真菌129種,分屬25科51屬,其中子囊菌1種,擔(dān)子菌128種,內(nèi)蒙古新記錄種21種,中國(guó)新記錄種3種,本文的編排采用《菌物字典》(第九版)[16]的分類系統(tǒng).種名前標(biāo)有“*”為內(nèi)蒙古新記錄種,“**”為中國(guó)新記錄種.具體名錄如下:
盤菌科Pezizaceae
(1)紫盤菌Peziza violaceaPers.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)楊樹(shù)林地上,13476.
蘑菇科Agaricaceae
(2)白鱗蘑菇Agaricus bernardii(Quél.)Sacc.翁旗五分地巴林橋北草地,11613.
(3)大肥蘑菇Agaricus bitorquis(Quél.)Sacc.翁旗五分地巴林橋北草地,11360.
(4)淡黃蘑菇Agaricus fissusLeyss.巴林右旗慶云山樟子松林地上,單生,11409.
(5)黃白蘑菇Agaricus niveobrunneusBatsch.巴林右旗慶云山樟子松林地上,單生,11419.
(6)橙黃蘑菇Agaricus perrarusSchulzer.巴林右旗慶云山樟子松林地上,群生,11408、11420.
(7)草地蘑菇Agaricus pratensisSchaeff.巴林右旗榮升草地上單生,11499.
(8)雪白鬼傘Coprinopsis nivea(Pers.)Fr.巴林右旗榮升柳樹(shù)林地上,散生,11534.
(9)大孢灰包Lycoperdon atropurpureumVittad.巴林右旗大針茅草原,10023.
(10)黑刺灰包Lycoperdon fuligineumBerk.&M.A.Curtis大板南橋楊樹(shù)林地上13453.
(11)香港灰包Lycoperdon hongkongenseBerk.&Curtis阿旗罕山闊葉林地上群生,13511.
(12)多形灰包Lycoperdon polymorphumvitt.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)道邊群生,13511.
(13)梨形灰包Lycoperdon pyriformeSchaeff.:Pers阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)腐木上群生,13511.
(14)*鉛青褶傘Chlorophyllum mobybdites(Meyer:Fr.)Massee翁旗五分地巴林橋北沙地,13126,大冷山草地,13195.
(15)**盧西塔尼卡青褶傘Chlorophyllum lusitanicumG.Moreno巴林橋下沙地上,10556.
(16)小假小鬼傘Coprinellus disseminatus(Pers.)J.E.Lange 賽罕烏拉保護(hù)區(qū)廠部附近,腐木上群生,10007.
(17)肉褐鱗環(huán)柄菇Lepiota brunneoincarnataChodat&C.Martín巴林橋下沙地上,11379.
(18)裂皮環(huán)柄菇Lepiota excoriata(Schaeff.)P.Kumm.阿旗罕山楊樹(shù)林地上,13454.
(19)紅蓋白環(huán)菇Leucoagaricus rubrotinctus(Peck)Singer翁旗五分地巴林橋北草地,10575.
(20)粉褶白環(huán)菇Leucoagaricus leucothites(Vittad.)Wasser翁旗五分地巴林橋北草地,11339
鵝膏科Amanitaceae
(21)橙蓋鵝膏Amanita caesarea(Scop.)Pers.巴林右旗正溝雜木林地上單生,10107.
(22)毒蠅鵝膏Amanita muscaria(L.)Lam.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)針葉林地上散生,13462.
(23)毒鵝膏菌Amanita phalloides(Vaill.ex Fr.)Link阿旗罕山針葉林地上單生,13474.
(24)青灰鵝膏Amanita lividopallescens(Gillet)Bigeard&H.Guill.東溝蒙古櫟林地上,10041.
(25)灰鵝膏Amanita vaginata(Bull.)Lam.阿旗罕山闊葉林地上單生,13502.
絲膜菌科Cortinariaceae
(26)*亞美尼亞絲膜菌Cortinarius armeniacus(Schaeff.)Fr.烏蘭壩落葉松林地上散生,11456.
(27)堅(jiān)實(shí)絲膜菌Cortinarius firmusFr.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)楊樹(shù)林地上,13481.
(28)半被毛絲膜菌Cortinarius hemitrichusJ.Favre阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)雜木林地上13463.
(29)白膜絲膜菌Cortinarius hinnuleusNespiak正溝蒙古櫟林草地,10048.
(30)黃蓋絲膜菌Cortinarius latus(Pers.)Fr.榮升柳樹(shù)林地上群生,11530.
(31)米黃絲膜菌Cortinarius multiformisFr.榮升白樺林地上群生,11500.
(32)**Cortinarius subexitiosusLiimat.翁旗五分地巴林橋北草地,11347.
(33)春絲膜菌Cortinarius vernusH.Lindstr.&Melot正溝蒙古櫟林草地群生,10071.
(34)**黃蓋紫絲膜菌Cortinarius xanthocephalusP.D.Orton松山區(qū)盔甲山風(fēng)景區(qū),13090.
粉褶菌科Entolomataceae
(35)臭粉褶菌Entoloma lusnidorosus(Fr.)Quél.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)楊樹(shù)林地上,13456.
(36)粉褶菌Entoloma rhodopolium(Fr.)P.Kumm.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)針葉林地上,13484,13457.
蠟傘科Hygrophoraceae
(37)* 蠟傘Hygrophorus ceraceus(Wulfen)Fr.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13464.
(38)象牙白蠟傘Hygrophorus eburneus(Bull.)Fr.阿旗罕山闊葉林地上,13479.
(39)單色蠟傘Hygrophorus unicolorGr?er阿旗罕山闊葉林地上,13503.
絲蓋傘科Inocybaceae
(40)黃褐絲蓋傘Inocybe flavobrunneaY.C.Wang巴林橋下,五分地,楊樹(shù)林地上散生,13128.
(41)斑紋絲蓋傘Inocybe maculateBoud王墳溝景區(qū),樟子松林地上散生,10362.有毒.
(42)老絲蓋傘Inocybe obsoletaRomagn赤峰市元寶山區(qū),平莊,油松林地上,標(biāo)本號(hào)CFSZ10460.
(43)赭緣絲蓋傘Inocybe ochraceomarginataKauffman阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13480.
(44)小絲蓋傘Inocybe putillaBres.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13499.
(45)狐色絲蓋傘Inocybe vulpinellaBruyl榮升景區(qū),沙地上群生,3918.
離褶傘科Lyophyllaceae
(46)褐離褶傘Lyophyllum fumosum(Pers.)P.D.Orton烏蘭壩落葉松林地上,11443、11457.
(47)*真姬離褶傘Lyophyllum shimeji(Kawam.)Hongo烏蘭壩落葉松林地上,叢生,11441、11444,大板橋下,楊樹(shù)林地上13131.
小皮傘科Marasmiaceae
(48)*二型裸傘Gymnopus biformis(Peck)Halling王墳溝落葉松球果上或樹(shù)枝上群生,CFSZ10146.
(49)枝生微皮傘Marasmiellus ramealis(Bull.)Singer大冷山雜木林木樁上,13197.
(50)草莖生小皮傘Marasmius caulicinalis(Bull.)Quel.大冷山地上、草莖上,13196.
膨瑚菌科Physalacriaceae
(51)*橘黃蜜環(huán)菌Armillaria aurantia(Schaeff.:Fr)Quél.烏蘭壩落葉松林地上,散生,11445.
(52)蜜環(huán)菌Armillaria mellea(Vahl)P.Kumm.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13498.
(53)假蜜環(huán)菌Armillaria tabescens(Scop.)Emel大板南橋楊樹(shù)木樁下,13129.
側(cè)耳科Pleurotaceae
(54)肺形側(cè)耳Pleurotus pulmonarius正溝景區(qū),樺木枯立木樹(shù)樁、樹(shù)干上,CFSZ10112.
(55)腎形亞側(cè)耳Hohenbuehelia reniformis(G.Meyer:Fr.)Singer.榮升倒木上10286.
光柄菇科Pluteaceae
(56)*北方光柄菇Pluteus leucoborealisJusto榮升白樺林倒木上,CFSZ10295.
(57)*光帽光柄菇Pluteus plautusQuél.正溝白樺林倒木上,10115.
小脆柄菇科Psathyrellaceae
(58)黃白小脆柄菇Psathyrella candolleana(Fr.)Maire.慶云山樟子松林地上,近叢生,11421.
(59)氈毛小脆柄菇Psathyrellavelutina(Pers.:Fr.)Sing.林西大冷山雜木林地上,13207.
球蓋菇科Strophariaceae
(60)毒滑銹傘Hebeloma fastibilesensu NCL正溝雜木林地上,11416.
(61)*芥味滑銹傘Hebeloma sinapicansFr.翁旗五分地巴林橋沙地上群生13127.
(62)黃滑銹傘Hebeloma versipelleGill 正溝雜木林地上,11541.
(63)中褐色滑銹傘Hebeloma mesopaeumBon&Haluwyn慶云山樟子松林地上群生,3912.
(64)毛柄庫(kù)恩菌Kuehneromyces mutabilis(Schaeff.)Singer&A.H.Sm.榮升白樺林地上,11513.
(65)金毛環(huán)銹傘Pholiota aurivella(Batsch)P.Kumm.大冷山雜木林木樁上,13184.
(66)*橙環(huán)銹傘Pholiota juncina(W.G.Sm.)P.Kumm.正溝白樺林倒木,11482.
(67)地環(huán)銹傘Pholiota terrigena(Fr.)P.Karst.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13473
(68)*伏鱗環(huán)銹傘Pholiota tuberculosa(Schaeff.)P.Kumm慶云山樟子松林樹(shù)樁上,11415.
白蘑科Tricholomataceae
(69)肉色杯傘Clitocybe geotropa(Bull.)Quél.王墳溝樟子松林地上,群生,11404、11407、11451.
(70)白香蘑Lepista caespitosa(Bres.)Singer阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13460.
(71)花臉香蘑Lepista sordida(Schumach.)林西大冷山白樺林地上,13182.
(72)大白樁菇Leucopaxillus giganteus(Sowerby)Singer阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13458.
(73)*純白樁菇Leucopaxillus albissimus(Peck)Singer阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13477.
(74)鐘形铦囊蘑Melanoleuca exscissa(Fr.)Singer阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13485.
(75)*铦囊蘑Melanoleuca cognata(Fr.)Konrad&Maubl.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13509.
(76)直柄铦囊蘑Melanoleuca strictipes(P.Karst.)Jul.Sch?ff.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13482.
(77)*小白亞臍菇Omphalia gracillima(Weinm.)Quél.阿旗罕山混交林地上,13447.
(78)黃褐口蘑Tricholoma fulvum(DC.)Bigeard&H.Guill慶云山松林地上單生,10080.
(79)鱗蓋口蘑Tricholoma imbricatum(Fr.)P.Kumm.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林地上,13449.
(80)鱗柄口蘑Tricholoma psammopus(Kalchbr.)Quél榮升白樺林地上,10245.
(81)楊樹(shù)口蘑Tricholoma populinumJ.E.Lange大板南橋下楊樹(shù)林地上群生,13136.
(82)*毛邊菇Ripartites tricholoma(Alb.&Schwein.)P.Karst榮升白樺林地上,10305.
牛肝菌科Boletaceae
(83)點(diǎn)柄粘蓋牛肝菌Suillus granulatus(L.)Roussel阿旗罕山油松林地上散生,13467.
(84)厚環(huán)粘蓋牛肝菌Suillus grevillei(Kl)Sing.阿旗罕山油松林地上散生,13461.
網(wǎng)褶菌科Paxillaceae
(85)卷邊網(wǎng)褶菌Paxillus involutus(Batsch)Fr.大板南橋楊樹(shù)林地上,13130.
木耳科Auriculariaceae
(86)氈蓋木耳Auricularia mesenterica(Dicks.)Pers.林西大冷山白樺林地上,13182.
珊瑚菌科Clavariaceae
(87)黃珊瑚菌Clavaria corniculataSchaeff.林西大冷山雜木林地上,13203.
皺孔菌科Meruliaceae
(88)懸垂箭皮菌Radulodon copelandii(Pat.)N.Maek.榮升白樺林地上,11562.
(89)毛邊刺皮菌Odontia fimbriataPers.榮升柳樹(shù)林倒木上,11552.
銹革菌科Hymenochaetaceae
(90)*白伏革菌Corticium pelliculare(P.Karst.)P.Karst.榮升柳樹(shù)林倒木上,11551.
(91)碎紋伏革菌Corticium scutellareBerk.&M.A.Curtis榮升白樺林枯樹(shù)枝上,11560.
多孔菌科Polyporaceae
(92)紅擬迷孔菌Daedaleopsis rubescens(Alb.et Schw.:Fr.)Imaz王墳溝白樺林倒木上,10310.
(93)大孔菌Favolus alveolaris(DC.:Fr.)Quèl.林西大冷山闊葉林腐木,13216.
(94)彩孔菌Hapalopilus nidulans(Fr.)P.Karst.榮升柳樹(shù)林倒木上,11547.
(95)硫磺菌Laetiporus sulphureus(Fr.)Murrill.林西大冷山闊葉林腐木,13202.
(96)硬毛香菇Lentinus strigosusFr.大冷山闊葉林木樁上,13194.
(97)樺褶孔菌Lenzites betulinus(L.)Fr.大冷山白樺枯立木上,13214.
(98)亞褶孔菌Lenzites luridus(Lév.)Teng大冷山白樺枯立木上,13212.
(99)*寬?cǎi)蘅拙鶯enzites platyphyllaLév.正溝樺樹(shù)林腐木上,11439.
(100)黑柄多孔菌Polyporus melanopus(Pers.)Fr.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林腐木,13448.
(101)灰芝Polystictus murinusCooke大冷山闊葉林木樁上,13215.
(102)多孔菌Polyporus varius(Pers.)Fr.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)闊葉林腐木,13478.
(103)朱紅栓菌Trametes cinnabarina(Jacq.:Fr.)Fr.大冷山闊葉林木樁上,13210.
(104)血紅栓菌Trametes sanguinea(L.:Fr.)Lloyd大冷山闊葉林木樁上,13208.
猴頭科Hericiaceae
(105)假猴頭菌Hericium laciniatum(Leers)Banker正溝枯立木上,11481.
紅菇科Russulaceae
(106)*皺蓋乳菇Lactarius corrugisPeck榮升景區(qū)白樺林地,10254.
(107)*波爾南乳菇Lactarius porninsisRolland烏蘭壩落葉松林地上群生,11461.
(108)絨邊乳菇Lactarius pubescens(Fr.exKronbh.)Fr.榮升景區(qū)白樺林地上,10216.
(109)蘇格蘭乳菇Lactarius scoticusBerk.&Broome東溝白樺林地上群生,10069.
(110)亞絨白乳菇Lactarius subvellereusPeck 榮升白樺林地上群生,11508.可食用,可抑制腫瘤.
(111)輪紋乳菇Lactariuszonarius(Bull.)Fr.大東溝樺林地上群生,10038,正溝景區(qū)樺林地上群生,10162.
(112)大紅菇Russula alutacea(Fr.)Fr.榮升白樺林地上,11524.
(113)褪綠紅菇Russula atroglaucaEinhell.東山樺林地上散生,10039.
(114)美味紅菇Russula delicaFr.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)油松林地上,13494.
(115)莧菜紅菇Russula depallensFr.慶云山雜木林草地散生,10391,可食.
(116)非白紅菇Russula exalbicans(Pers.)Melzer&Zvára烏蘭壩落葉松林地上,11493.
(117)球孢紅菇Russulaglobispora(J.Blμm)Bon 榮升景區(qū),白樺林地上群生,11503,阿旗罕山針葉林地上,13466.
(118)細(xì)弱紅菇Russul grcillimaJul.Schff.Pilzk.榮升白樺林地上,11488.
(119)鱗蓋紅菇Russula lepidaFr.阿旗罕山林場(chǎng)油松林地上,13504.
(120)*黃菇Russula lutea(Huds.)Fr.榮升柳樹(shù)林地上群生,11528,11536.
(121)觸黃紅菇Russula luteotactaRea正溝樺木林地上散生,10077.
(122)蜜黃紅菇Russula ochroleuca(Per.)Fr.榮升白樺林地上,11501.
(123)佩拉妮婭紅菇Russula pelargoniaNiolle慶云山雜樹(shù)林地上散生,10356,11495、11535.
(124)俏紅菇Russula pulchellaI.G.Borshch.榮升白樺林地上,11522.
(125)* 雞冠紅菇Russula risigallina(Batsch)Sacc.正溝白樺林中散生,10092.
(126)*茶褐紅菇Russula sororiaFr榮升白樺林中地上,11502.
(127)菱紅菇Russula vescaFr.盔甲山闊葉林地上,13005.
韌革菌科Stereaceae
(128)金絲韌革菌Stereum spectabileKlotzsch大冷山雜木林木樁上,13209.
(129)褐蓋硬革Stereum vibransBerk.&M.A.Curtis大冷山雜木林木樁上,13198.
本文對(duì)西拉木淪河沿岸,包括巴林右旗、翁牛特旗和阿魯科爾沁旗等部分地區(qū)及周邊地區(qū)大型真菌標(biāo)本進(jìn)行調(diào)查、鑒定,為該區(qū)域食藥用資源的開(kāi)發(fā)利用提供理論依據(jù).