尚晉 譯/Translated by SHANG Jin

編輯/Editors: Marija Dr?mait?, Rūta Leitanait?, Julija Reklait?

撰文/Texts: Marija Dr?mait?, Rūta Leitanait?, Nijol? Luk?ionyt?, Karolis Ku?iauskas, Diana Kontrimait?,Algimantas Ma?iulis, Vaidas Petrulis, Julija Reklait?,Jurgita Rimkevi?ien?, Indr? Ruseckait?, Jūrat? Tutlyt?,Aida ?telbien?, Renata Vai?ekonyt?-Kepe?inskien?

攝影/Photos: Audrius Ambrasas, Raimondas Urbakavi?ius, Norbert Tukaj and others

出版/Publish: LAPAS, www.lapasbooks.lt, 2016

編輯/Editor: Marija Dr?mait?

撰文/Texts: Giedr? Jankevi?iūt?, Marija Dr?mait?,Vaidas Petrulis, Vilma Akmenyt?-Ruzgien?, Norbertas ?erniauskas, Paulius Tautvydas Laurinaitis, Vilt? Migonyt?-Petrulien?

出版/Publish: LAPAS, www.lapasbooks.lt, 2018英文版將于2018年6月出版/English edition available in June, 2018.

《維爾紐斯1900-2016建筑掠影》

20世紀(jì)及21世紀(jì)初的維爾紐斯建筑，涵蓋了從現(xiàn)代主義到高技派的各種風(fēng)格，體現(xiàn)了該時(shí)期席卷這座城市的所有建筑潮流和政治變革。20世紀(jì)之初，雅致的中歐分離派風(fēng)格依舊流行。隨后，建筑走向1920-1930年代兩次世界大戰(zhàn)期間簡約的現(xiàn)代主義，二戰(zhàn)后又強(qiáng)推備受爭議的蘇聯(lián)新古典主義。在1950年代中期“極權(quán)主義”建筑被正式廢止后，戰(zhàn)后現(xiàn)代主義興起，尤其體現(xiàn)在為城市不斷增長的人口而建的新居住區(qū)上。蘇聯(lián)時(shí)代末期，城市中心周圍涌現(xiàn)出大量現(xiàn)代主義晚期公共建筑。1990年恢復(fù)獨(dú)立后，經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會都隨之一變，維爾紐斯經(jīng)歷了又一波城市化浪潮。私人住宅再度興建，使城市幾近飽和。在內(nèi)里斯河右岸，一個(gè)壯觀的鋼和玻璃的城市中心拔地而起。□

Vilnius 1900-2016. An Architectural Guide

Vilnius' architecture of the 20th and early 21st centuries ranges from the Modern Style to High-Tech, and reflects all the architectural trends and

《樂觀主義建筑：考納斯現(xiàn)象，1918-1940》

本書不只是一座城市及其建筑的故事。它講述的是希望與幻滅的永恒更迭，是創(chuàng)意工作與啟發(fā)人的創(chuàng)作樂觀主義，是概念與形式的轉(zhuǎn)移，是地方性與全球性，是藝術(shù)與自由、戰(zhàn)爭與壓迫。它講述的是變幻的形式與概念及其與當(dāng)代的關(guān)系。本書出自為紀(jì)念立陶宛恢復(fù)獨(dú)立100周年舉辦的展覽“樂觀主義建筑：考納斯現(xiàn)象，1918-1940”。

考納斯的現(xiàn)代建筑體現(xiàn)出一戰(zhàn)之后新獨(dú)立（或恢復(fù)獨(dú)立）的歐洲各國首都出現(xiàn)的政治、社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化樂觀主義。當(dāng)考納斯忽然在1919年成為立陶宛臨時(shí)首都后，這座城市隨之而來的變化無亞于一個(gè)奇跡?？技{斯的面貌煥然一新：不到20年，它的居民就使這座城市變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)現(xiàn)代、優(yōu)美的歐洲式首都。建筑在這個(gè)變化中發(fā)揮了尤為重要的作用，這就是為何連1940年立陶宛淪陷都沒有奪去它的價(jià)值。第兩次世界大戰(zhàn)后的考納斯現(xiàn)代主義建筑遺產(chǎn)成了喪失國家地位的象征和遺產(chǎn)的紀(jì)念，同時(shí)也是面向西方的象征之窗和給立陶宛建筑師的特征典范。今天，這個(gè)遺產(chǎn)是考納斯特色的重要來源及其城市“場所精神”的表達(dá)。

這些內(nèi)容在本書的編寫中是不可或缺的。編輯希望在本書中為考納斯兩次世界大戰(zhàn)期間向現(xiàn)代首都的轉(zhuǎn)變寫下濃墨重彩的一筆，并展現(xiàn)這座城市所面臨的重重挑戰(zhàn)和克服它們的種種努力?！?/p>

Architecture of Optimism: The Kaunas Phenomenon, 1918-1940

This book is more than just the story of one city and its architecture. It is about the perpetual birth and death of hope, about creative endeavour and inspiring productive optimism, about the migration of ideas and political shifts that swept across the city during this period. At the dawn of the 20th century, the elegant Central European Sezession style was still in vogue.Architecture later progressed to the stripped-down interwar Modernism of the 1920s and 1930s, and after the Second World War it ventured into the controversial Soviet-imposed Neoclassicism. After "totalitarian"architecture was officially discredited in the mid-1950s,postwar Modernism flourished, particularly in the new residential districts that were built to house the city's growing population. At the end of the Soviet period,Late Modernism saw a large number of public buildings appear around the city centre. With the reestablishment of independence in 1990, and with the consequent changes that took place in the economy and in society,Vilnius experienced yet another wave of urbanisation.Private houses were built again, filling the city to the limits, and a spectacular steel and glass city centre took shape on the right bank of the River Neris. □forms, about the local and the global, about art and freedom, war and oppression. It is about changing forms and ideas and their relationship with the present day. This book is part of an exhibition entitled The Architecture of Optimism: The Kaunas Phenomenon, 1918-1940 held to commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of the restoration of Lithuanian independence.

The modern architecture of Kaunas reflects the political, social, economic and cultural optimism that flourished in the capitals of newly declared/proclaimed (or re-established) European countries in the wake of World War I. After Kaunas suddenly became Lithuania's provisional capital in 1919, the city's subsequent transformation was nothing short of miraculous. Kaunas' identity changed radically: in less than twenty years, its residents transformed the city into a modern, elegant and European capital.Architecture played a particularly important role in that transformation, which is why its significance endured even after the loss of Lithuanian independence in 1940.During the years that followed World War II, the modernist architectural heritage of Interwar Kaunas became the embodiment of lost statehood and a memorial to its legacy,as well as a symbolic window to the West and an exemplary standard of quality for Lithuanian architects. Today, this legacy is an important source of Kaunas' identity and an expression of the city's genius loci.

These aspects were essential in the writing of this book. In it, editors hope to highlight the transformation of Interwar Kaunas into a modern capital city and illustrate the challenges confronting that city and the efforts to overcome them. □

《考納斯建筑掠影》

立陶宛建筑有兩個(gè)最重要的時(shí)期——維爾紐斯巴洛克建筑和兩次世界大戰(zhàn)之間的考納斯現(xiàn)代主義建筑。前者已有大量著作，而考納斯現(xiàn)代主義直到今天才開始得到應(yīng)有的重視。立陶宛第一個(gè)獨(dú)立的共和國曇花一現(xiàn)，卻證明了即使一個(gè)年輕的國家也能孕育杰出的建筑。它們對蘇聯(lián)時(shí)期和當(dāng)代立陶宛建筑師都產(chǎn)生了重大影響?？技{斯從兩次世界大戰(zhàn)期間到蘇聯(lián)、再加上當(dāng)代，一共243座特色鮮明的原創(chuàng)性建筑，都收錄在這部首次出版的《考納斯建筑掠影》中。書中以精美的照片和圖紙展現(xiàn)了考納斯建筑的歷史，并特別編寫了逝去建筑的章節(jié)——講述已被拆毀或廢棄的建筑的故事，而它們對考納斯的場所精神仍是舉足輕重的?！犊技{斯建筑掠影》的對象包括專業(yè)研究人員、大眾讀者和關(guān)心這座城市及其要素的每一個(gè)人。□

Kaunas Architectural Guide

There are two most distinguished periods of Lithuanian architecture – Vilnius Baroque architecture and Kaunas Modernism of the Interwar period. Plenty

《奧德留斯·安布拉薩斯建筑事務(wù)所作品集，1998-2014》

這本相冊是對立陶宛最著名的建筑工作室之一、奧德留斯·安布拉薩斯建筑事務(wù)所的一個(gè)回顧。該事務(wù)所成立于1998年，之后在建筑設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域有杰出的表現(xiàn)。奧德留斯·安布拉薩斯在2017年以關(guān)注環(huán)境的建筑榮獲立陶宛國家獎(jiǎng)。

2013年夏，在為考納斯建筑節(jié)準(zhǔn)備奧德留斯·安布拉薩斯建筑事務(wù)所作品展時(shí)，大量草稿、圖紙和照片被收集起來，展示出多種多樣的項(xiàng)目及其深化過程。隨著時(shí)間的推移，設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容、時(shí)間、方式和緣由很容易被遺忘。所以一個(gè)想法應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，將這些材料作為建筑事務(wù)所作品集的基礎(chǔ)，并以此向參與項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)作過程的所有人致謝?！?/p>

Audrius Ambrasas Architects. Works 1998-2014

This album is a retrospective look at Audrius

《波羅的?，F(xiàn)代主義：蘇聯(lián)立陶宛建筑和住宅》

這部插圖精美的專著討論了蘇聯(lián)立陶宛的戰(zhàn)后現(xiàn)代主義建筑——與其他波羅的海共和國的建筑一同被視為杰作。它們以更快的速度、更高的熱情改造了西方的文化模式，被稱為“蘇式西方”。盡管如此，通過辨別具體的建筑特征，將波羅的海地區(qū)的現(xiàn)代主義同蘇聯(lián)其他共和國的現(xiàn)代主義區(qū)分開來并非易事。分析蘇聯(lián)現(xiàn)代主義的特性顯然需要一種社會政治的方法。本書對蘇聯(lián)立陶宛建筑研究的基礎(chǔ)是官方規(guī)劃與地方社會實(shí)踐之間的關(guān)系，以及規(guī)劃實(shí)踐中廣泛的歷史行動者。□

Baltic Modernism: Architecture and Housing In Soviet Lithuania

This richly illustrated monograph discusses the postof books are written about the first one, whilst Kaunas modernism is beginning to receive the deserved attention only nowadays. Extremely short period of the first independent Republic of Lithuania showed that even a young state can emerge with exceptional architecture. These structures had a significant influence over the Soviet period, as well as on contemporary Lithuanian architects. 243 buildings – original and distinctive, from Interwar and Soviet Kaunas,together with architecture of today, can be found in Kaunas Architectural Guide, published for the first time. Here, illustrated with photos and drawings,their history is being told. The book also has a special forfeiture chapter – with stories of already demolished or abandoned buildings, which still remain very important to Kaunas' genius loci. Kaunas Architectural Guide is dedicated to professional researchers as well as to common readers, to everyone who cares about the city and its elements. □

Ambrasas Architects, one of the leading architecture studios in Lithuania. The studio was established in 1998 and since then has exceptionally performed in the field of architecture design. Audrius Ambrasas has been awarded with the Lithuanian National Prize in 2017 for environmentally sensitive architecture.

In the summer of 2013, while preparing for an exhibition about the work of the Audrius Ambrasas Architects for the Kaunas Architecture Festival, many sketches, drawings and photographs were assembled,showing various projects and their development. Over the course of time, it is easy to forget the what, when how and why. Therefore, the idea came up to make this material the basis of a book about the work of the studio, which would also serve as a mark of appreciation to all those who participated in the creation process of the projects. □

war modernist architecture in the Soviet Lithuania, which,together with other Baltic republics, has been seen as exceptional, appropriating Western cultural models much faster and with greater passion, and was labelled "the Soviet West". Nevertheless, the matter of identifying the specific architectural traits that distinguished modernism in the Baltic region from that of other Soviet republics is not a simple exercise, and the specifics of analysing Soviet modernism clearly require a socio-political approach. In this book, research of Soviet Lithuanian architecture relies on the relationship between the official planning discourse and local social practice, and the wide range of historical actors in planning practices. □

編輯/Editor: Julija Reklait?

撰文/Texts: Almantas Bru?as, Marija Dr?mait?, Giedr? Jankevi?iūt?, Jolita Kan?ien?, Rūta Leitanait?, Nijol? Luk?ionyt?, Vaidas Petrulis

攝影/Photos: Norbert Tukaj and others

出版/Publish: LAPAS, www.lapasbooks.lt, 2017

編輯/Editors: Audrius Ambrasas, Dovil? Krik??iūnait?撰文/Texts: Audrius Ambrasas, Audrys Karalius

攝影/Photos: Audrius Ambrasas and others

出版/Publish: LAPAS, www.lapasbooks.lt, 2014

編輯/Editor: JMarija Dr?mait?

出版/Publish: DOM publishers, www.dom-publishers.com,2017