黃少娟

【摘要】 目的：探討氣壓治療儀在預(yù)防肺結(jié)核并咯血患者深靜脈血栓形成中的應(yīng)用效果。方法：選擇2016年3月-2018年4月筆者所在醫(yī)院肺結(jié)核并咯血患者100例，按入院順序分為試驗(yàn)組（n=50）及對(duì)照組（n=50）。對(duì)照組采取常規(guī)護(hù)理，試驗(yàn)組在常規(guī)護(hù)理基礎(chǔ)上采用氣壓治療儀實(shí)施干預(yù)，均持續(xù)干預(yù)1周。干預(yù)1周后對(duì)比兩組深靜脈血栓形成發(fā)生率、護(hù)理滿意度。結(jié)果：經(jīng)干預(yù)，試驗(yàn)組深靜脈血栓形成發(fā)生率4%，較對(duì)照組的18%低，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）;經(jīng)干預(yù)，試驗(yàn)組護(hù)理總滿意度94%，較對(duì)照組的72%高，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論：對(duì)肺結(jié)核并咯血患者采用氣壓治療儀干預(yù)可顯著減少深靜脈血栓發(fā)生，提升患者護(hù)理滿意度。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 肺結(jié)核; 咯血; 氣壓治療儀; 深靜脈血栓形成

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.08.035 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 B 文章編號(hào) 1674-6805（2019）08-00-02

Observation on the Effect of Barotherapy Instrument in Preventing Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Hemoptysis/HUANG Shaojuan.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2019，17（8）：-77

【Abstract】 Objective：To explore the application effect of barotherapy instrument in preventing deep vein thrombosis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and hemoptysis.Method：From March 2016 to April 2018，100 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and hemoptysis were selected.They were divided into the experimental group（n=50） and the control group（n=50） according to the order of admission.The control group received routine nursing.On the basis of routine nursing，the experimental group was treated with a barometric pressure therapy device and continued to intervene for 1 week.After 1 week of intervention，the incidence of deep venous thrombosis and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Result：After intervention，the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the experimental group was 4%，it was lower than that in the control group（18%），and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.After intervention，the nursing satisfaction of the experimental group was 94%，it was higher than 72% of the control group（P<0.05）.Conclusion：Intervention with barometer in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and hemoptysis can significantly reduce the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis and improve patient satisfaction.

【Key words】 Tuberculosis; Hemoptysis; Barotherapy instrument; Deep vein thrombosis

First-authors address：Puning Peoples Hospital，Puning 515300，China

深靜脈血栓形成為臨床常見(jiàn)疾病，患者癥狀表現(xiàn)為患肢疼痛、腫脹、皮膚溫度與顏色變化等，病情嚴(yán)重者甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)血栓脫落，造成肺栓塞、心肌梗死、腦栓塞等并發(fā)癥，極大威脅患者生命安全[1-2]。肺結(jié)核并咯血患者由于需長(zhǎng)時(shí)間臥床，尤其是大咯血患者需采取絕對(duì)臥床休息，于止血后1周方能下床活動(dòng)，加之需采用促血小板聚集止血藥物，易造成靜脈內(nèi)膜損傷及血液高凝狀態(tài)，不利于下肢靜脈回流，較易產(chǎn)生下肢靜脈血栓形成，需積極采取有效防治[3]。近年來(lái)，氣壓治療儀逐漸被引入深靜脈血栓形成預(yù)防中，有關(guān)研究報(bào)道，其可顯著減少患者下肢腫脹及深靜脈血栓形成發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)[4-5]?；诖耍狙芯繃L試將氣壓治療儀應(yīng)用于肺結(jié)核并咯血患者，旨在分析其對(duì)預(yù)防患者產(chǎn)生深靜脈血栓形成的效果，報(bào)告如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

選擇2016年3月-2018年4月筆者所在醫(yī)院肺結(jié)核并咯血患者100例，納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：均經(jīng)臨床證實(shí)為肺結(jié)核并咯血患者，需長(zhǎng)時(shí)間臥床休息;入組前經(jīng)多普勒超聲檢查顯示無(wú)深靜脈血栓形成。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：近期采取下肢靜脈結(jié)扎、皮膚移植者;下肢出現(xiàn)皮炎、壞疽、嚴(yán)重變形者;合并充血性心力衰竭造成肺水腫或下肢大面積水腫者;生命垂?；蜃≡簳r(shí)間不足1周者。按入院順序分為試驗(yàn)組（n=50）及對(duì)照組（n=50）。試驗(yàn)組男29例，女21例;年齡18～69歲，平均（39.75±7.49）歲;咯血量86～612 ml/d，平均（329.97±61.81）ml/d。對(duì)照組男31例，女19例;年齡18～70歲，平均（40.09±8.12）歲;咯血量89～620 ml/d，平均（331.25±60.47）ml/d。兩組患者一般資料（性別、咯血量、年齡等）差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05），有可比性。本研究符合《世界醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)赫爾辛基宣言》中有關(guān)要求?；颊咧獣员狙芯坎⒑炗喼橥鈺?shū)。