建筑設計：BaO建筑事務所

Architect: BaO Architects

1 2016年北京國際設計周期間，BaO建筑事務所設計的“白塔影院”/Baita Cinema, temporary installation during BJDW 2016, BaO Architects

2 2016年北京國際設計周期間，利用臨時裝置將該院落打造成為面向社區(qū)公眾開放的“白塔影院”。2017年北京國際設計周期間，該院落作為“阜城記憶”展示場所，開展傳統(tǒng)民俗體驗及歷史文化講座，共吸引2000余人參與。/During BJDW2016, the courtyard was changed into Baita Cinema open to the public in the community with temporary installations.During the BJDW2017, the courtyard acted as an exhibition site for Fucheng Memory, where the lectures on traditional folk experience, history and culture were held, attracting more than 2000 participants.

3 改造后外景/Exterior view after renovation

4 改造后內(nèi)景/Interior views after renovation

2013年4月26日，法蘭西共和國區(qū)域平等和住房部，法蘭西共和國生態(tài)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展和能源部與中華人民共和國住房和城鄉(xiāng)建設部簽署了《城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展領域政府間合作協(xié)議》。在此背景下，雙方協(xié)商就本土遺產(chǎn)的修復開展聯(lián)合行動，經(jīng)多次考察，將試點項目選擇在北京白塔寺歷史文化街區(qū)，同時提出參與此次行動的3家機構(gòu)為法國駐華大使館文化教育合作處、北京華融金盈發(fā)展投資有限公司及北京市城市規(guī)劃設計研究院，三方就該合作于2016年簽署《建筑遺產(chǎn)修復領域的中法聯(lián)合行動合作意向書》，并選定白塔寺趙登禹路429號院為試點院落。該院落由法國建筑師本杰明·貝勒設計，其修繕工作意在解決兩大問題：如何在保護和尊重建筑遺產(chǎn)價值的同時，以漸進的方式實現(xiàn)建筑的新生？是否有可能在胡同里一個非常有限的空間內(nèi)，開拓一個能夠活化街區(qū)生活的集體空間？

修繕過程中，傳統(tǒng)建筑元素均得以保留，同時通過低碳技術(shù)對兩間耳房進行了全面改造。對于胡同建筑的返潮問題，在墻體里注入防水滲透劑；傳統(tǒng)門窗也得以修繕并轉(zhuǎn)變成了一個雙重玻璃推拉門；自然通風系統(tǒng)保證夏季降溫，由熱泵進行的地熱供暖可保證冬季實現(xiàn)舒適的溫度。健康及生態(tài)技術(shù)和材料的使用，保證了空氣質(zhì)量的自然調(diào)節(jié)，并實現(xiàn)低能耗和低環(huán)境影響。同時，設計師新增了環(huán)繞整個院子的U型現(xiàn)代化結(jié)構(gòu)，使其成為一個開放式的庭院。這個半開放游廊構(gòu)建了建筑、庭院、入口、街道、共有墻空間、內(nèi)部、外部之間新的關(guān)系。游廊結(jié)構(gòu)全部采用CLT交叉層壓木材——一種預制木結(jié)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，具備可完全循環(huán)利用和高生態(tài)性（碳固存）的優(yōu)點。

此外，建筑師從居民生活實際出發(fā)編寫了《老城平房低碳修繕手冊》。用通俗的語言和明晰的圖片，全面細致地呈現(xiàn)了平房會遇到的問題、原因和相應的維護、修復方法，提供了水、電、熱等設施的使用技巧以達成既環(huán)保又舒適的狀態(tài)，還特別關(guān)注了院落排水滲水方式及其與植物生長的關(guān)系，切實為白塔寺地區(qū)乃至北京老城區(qū)居民的院落修復進行了卓有成效的技術(shù)路徑探索。未來該院落將打造為“城市書房”。

On April 26, 2013, the Ministry of Regional Equality and Housing of the Republic of France, the Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy of the Republic of France, and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction of the People's Republic of China signed theIntergovernmental Cooperation Agreement of Urban Sustainable Development. In this context, both parties negotiated joint action on the restoration of local heritage in both countries. After many visits, the pilot project was selected in Baitasi Historic and Cultural District in Beijing. Three institutions jointly proposed to participate in the action, including the Cultural and Educational Cooperation Office of the French Embassy in China, Beijing Huarong Jinying Investment Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Municipal Urban Planning and Design Research Institute. The three institutions signed theLetter of Intent for Sino-French Joint Action on Cooperation in Architectural Heritage Restorationin 2016, and selected No. 429 Courtyard on Zhaodengyu Lu around Baitasi as the pilot courtyard.Designed by French architect Benjamin Beller, the renovation of the courtyard aims to solve two major problems: how to realise the rebirth of the buildings in a gradual way while protecting and respecting the value of the architectural heritage? Is it possible to open up a collective space in the limited room in the hutong that can activate the life of people in the block?

During the renovation process, the traditional architectural elements are preserved, except that two side chambers are comprehensively renovated with low-carbon technology. For the problem of damping in hutong buildings, waterproof penetrating agent is injected into the wall. Traditional doors and windows are repaired and transformed into double glass sliding doors. Its natural ventilation ensures cooling in summer, and its geothermal heating via heat pump realises comfortable temperature in winter. The utilisation of healthcare and ecological technology and materials guarantees the natural regulation of air quality and enables energy consumption and environmental impact to maintain at low level. Meanwhile, the designer additionally sets up a U-shaped modern structure surrounding the overall courtyard and makes it an open yard. Such a semi-open corridor constructs a new relationship between the building, courtyard,entrance, street, common wall space, interior space and exterior space. All the verandas are designed in CLT cross laminated timber with the modern technology of prefabricated timber structure, which has the advantages of complete recycling and high ecological performance (carbon sequestration).

5 改造后內(nèi)景/Interior views after renovation

6 改造后內(nèi)景/Interior views after renovation

In addition, the architects compile theManual of Low Carbon Renovation of Bungalows in Old Townaccording to the actual life of residents.In popular language and with clear pictures, the problems, causes and corresponding maintenance and repair methods where bungalows might be confronted are presented comprehensively in particular, and the technique of utilising water,electricity and heat facilities are accessible for the sake of environmental protection and comfort. The drainage and seepage modes of the courtyard and its relationship with plant growth are also stressed to make effective exploration of technical path for the renovation of the yards around Baitasi and those in old urban areas of Beijing. In the future, the courtyard will be built into a "city study".

項目信息/Credits and Data

地點/Location: 趙登禹路429號/No. 429 Zhaodengyu Lu

占地面積/Building Area: 184.64m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 65m2

修繕時間/Time of Renovation: 2018.05.10-2018.12.05

評論

張昕楠：429共享院的改造策略主要著重于界面的營造。在空間界面的重構(gòu)中，“游廊”灰空間的加入，使院落空間的層次得以豐富，以延伸的洄游路徑重塑院落空間的閱讀。在視知覺界面的營造中，耳房透明落地窗的改造，形成了曖昧的限定，在視知覺層面增強了空間進深；同時，室內(nèi)的抹灰和回廊CLT木質(zhì)材料的暖色，在與傳統(tǒng)冷色磚瓦材料的對比下，既完成了室內(nèi)與院落界面的融合，又清晰地界定出舊中之新。

思唯雅·蘭泰里：該項目經(jīng)歷了兩個階段：誕生于“白塔影院”——為2016北京國際設計周而實現(xiàn)的庭院的短期激活，然后演變成一個永久性的文化空間，用于集會和共享活動。其主要意圖并不在于將這個院落限制為私人博物館：延續(xù)傳統(tǒng)材料的使用并在樹木周圍增加木框架，它為鄰里街坊構(gòu)建了一個微型廣場，為當?shù)氐纳鐓^(qū)構(gòu)建了一片開放空間，以此探索如何在尊重其本身價值的基礎上，以循序漸進的方式使一個場所重獲新生。（龐凌波 譯）

Comments

ZHANG Xinnan: The renovation strategy of 429 Shared Courtyard focuses on the creation of interface.In restructuring spatial interface, the addition of the gray space of veranda enriches the layers of the courtyard space and redefines the courtyard space with an extended winding path. In the creation of visual interface, the reform of the transparent French Windows in the aisle shapes a vague boundary, which enhances the spatial depth at visual level; at the same time, the plasterer of interior space and the warm color of CLT wooden material applied on the veranda form a contrast to the traditional cold color brick materials, not only completing the integration between interior space and courtyard interface but also clearly outlining the new from the old.(Translated by QIAN Fang)

Silvia Lanteri: This projects has undergone two steps:born as the BaitaCinema - an ephemeral activation of the courtyard realised for the 2016 Beijing Design Week - then evolves into a permanent cultural space for collective and shared actions. The main idea is not to limit this building to a private showcase: keeping the traditional materials and adding a wooden structure surrounding the trees, it constructs a kind of microplaza for the neighbourhood, an open room for the local community, exploring how to regenerate a place in a gradual way while respecting its value.