李成陽 頓亞鵬 楊偉 劉建永
摘? 要:選擇性激光燒結(jié)技術(shù)(SLS)屬于增材制造技術(shù)的一種,它擁有非常好的快速成型能力,文章研究選擇性激光燒結(jié)工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)化處理,論文采用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)法,系統(tǒng)研究了選擇性激光燒結(jié)的四個(gè)工藝參數(shù):激光功率、掃描速度、掃描間距和分層厚度對力學(xué)性能的影響。通過萬能型砂強(qiáng)度儀測量覆膜砂燒結(jié)件的抗拉、抗壓、抗彎強(qiáng)度,通過掃描電鏡觀察各組的覆膜砂微觀形貌。得到最優(yōu)燒結(jié)工藝為激光功率35W、掃描速度3000mm/s、掃描間距0.17mm、分層厚度0.32mm時(shí)覆膜砂燒結(jié)件力學(xué)性能最佳。其抗拉強(qiáng)度1.524MPa,壓縮強(qiáng)度0.527MPa,抗彎強(qiáng)度0.38MPa,同時(shí)顯微觀察得到砂粒的固化程度較高,砂粒間連接頸密集。
關(guān)鍵詞:選擇性激光燒結(jié)技術(shù);力學(xué)性能;工藝參數(shù);連接頸
中圖分類號:TG24? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A? ? ? ? ?文章編號:2095-2945(2019)26-0028-05
Abstract: Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a kind of additive manufacturing technology, which has very good rapid prototyping ability, flexible use and simple operation. By the industry insiders very much attention. In this paper, the optimum treatment of selective laser sintering process parameters is studied. In this paper, orthogonal experiment method is adopted to systematically study the influence of four process parameters of selective laser sintering: laser power, scanning speed, scanning spacing and stratification thickness on mechanical properties. The tensile, compressive and flexural strength of the sintered parts of coated sand was measured by a universal sand strength meter, and the micromorphology of each group of coated sand was observed byscanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties of the sintered parts with coated sand were the best when the optimal sintering process was achieved: the laser power was 35W, the scanning speed was 3000 mm/s, the scanning interval was 0.17mm, and the stratified thickness was 0.32 mm. The tensile strength is 1.524MPa, the compression strength is 0.527MPa, and the bending strength is 0.38MPa. At the same time, the microscopic observation shows that the degree of solidification of sand grains is relatively high, and there are many connecting necks formed between sand grains.
Keywords: selective laser sintering technology; mechanical properties; process parameters; connection neck
快速成型技術(shù)的一個(gè)重要組成分支就是SLS選擇性激光燒結(jié)技術(shù)(Selective Laser Sintering)。這種技術(shù)可以在較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)生產(chǎn)出鑄型(芯),大大提高生產(chǎn)速度和生產(chǎn)效率。對比其他鑄造方法,SLS有許多突出優(yōu)點(diǎn):開發(fā)周期短、制造過程自由度高、成型件應(yīng)用廣泛、材料利用率高等特點(diǎn)。
在覆膜砂燒結(jié)機(jī)理和后處理強(qiáng)度方面研究深入,王祥宇探討了真空浸滲工藝對砂型的常溫抗拉強(qiáng)度和高溫殘留強(qiáng)度的影響;樊自田等討論了選擇性激光燒結(jié)覆膜砂固化機(jī)理和后處理對強(qiáng)度的影響;蘆剛等研究了工藝參數(shù)對覆膜砂制件尺寸的影響。但是,對于選擇性激光燒結(jié)工藝參數(shù)對覆膜砂制件初坯強(qiáng)度研究較少,本文分別研究選擇性激光燒結(jié)參數(shù)包括激光功率、掃描速度、掃描間距和分層厚度對制件初始強(qiáng)度的影響,對于提高初坯強(qiáng)度具有重要意義。
1 材料和方法
1.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料和設(shè)備
SLS材料選購十堰長江造型有限公司生產(chǎn)的酚醛樹脂覆膜砂,型號CFS-70,粒度140/70目,樹脂含量2.1%,烏洛托品加入量為樹脂重的12%。使用設(shè)備為北京易加三維科技有限公司生產(chǎn)的EP-C5050快速成型機(jī)。使用55W二氧化碳激光器,掃描系統(tǒng)為高精度掃描振鏡(含動(dòng)態(tài)聚焦)。掃描速度最高可達(dá)8m/s。成型尺寸為500mm*500mm*500mm,分層厚度在0.08mm-0.3mm之間。使用XQY-2智能型萬能型砂強(qiáng)度儀進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度測試,由無錫斯派特分析儀器有限公司制造。