聞淑娟 張珍連 李姍 胡欣 朱琳 阿孜古麗·麥合麥提 楊順娥
[摘要]目的 探討FOXP1上游靶標miR-9對彌漫性大B細胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)細胞的作用及機制。方法 Targetscan分析miR-9與FOXP1的結合,miR-9與FOXP1結合通過熒光素酶基因報告實驗驗證;以轉染mimic Con為對照組,轉染mimic miR-9過表達miR-9后,Western blot檢測FOXP1表達變化;實時熒光定量PCR(RT-PCR)檢測人DLBCL細胞OCI-Ly3和人B淋巴母細胞IM9中miR-9的表達水平;過表達miR-9后,體外檢測OCI-Ly3的增殖以及侵襲能力的變化。結果 轉染miR-9后,mimic miR-9+FOXP1 3′UTR WT組的熒光素酶活性低于轉染mimic Con+FOXP1 3′UTR WT組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.0001);過表達miR-9后,mimic miR-9組的FOXP1表達水平低于mimic Con組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05);miR-9在人DLBCL細胞系OCI-Ly3細胞中的表達水平低于B淋巴母細胞,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05);過表達miR-9后,OCI-Ly3細胞的增殖和侵襲能力低于mimic Con組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 miR-9下調通過靶向FOXP1促進彌漫性大B細胞淋巴瘤細胞的增殖和侵襲。
[關鍵詞]彌漫性大B細胞淋巴瘤;miRNA;miR-9;FOXP1
[中圖分類號] R733.7? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1674-4721(2019)10(c)-0007-05
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of FOXP1 upstream target miR-9 on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells. Methods Targetscan was used to analyze the binding of miR-9 to FOXP1, the luciferase gene reporter assay confirmed the binding of miR-9 to FOXP1. Transfection mimic Con was used as the control group, after transfection of mimic miR-9 after overexpression of miR-9, FOXP1 expression was detected by Western blot. The real-time fluorogenic quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of miR-9 in human DLBCL cells OCI-Ly3 and B lymphoblastic cell IM9. After overexpression of miR-9, the proliferation and invasion ability of OCI-Ly3 were detected in vitro. Results After transfection with miR-9, the luciferase activity of the mimic miR-9+FOXP1 3′UTR WT group was lower than that in the mimic Con+FOXP1 3′UTR WT group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.0001). After overexpression of miR-9, the FOXP1 expression level of mimic miR-9 group was lower than that in the mimic Con group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression level of miR-9 in human DLBCL cell line OCI-Ly3 was lower than that of B lymphocyte, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After overexpression of miR-9, OCI-Ly3 cells had lower proliferation and invasion ability than those in the mimic Con group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Down-regulation of miR-9 promotes proliferation and invasion of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells by targeting FOXP1.
[Key words] Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; miRNA; miR-9; FOXP1
彌漫性大B細胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)占非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma,NHLs)的30%~40%,是常見的淋巴系統(tǒng)惡性腫瘤之一[1]。所有年齡組中都檢測得到DLBCL,包括兒科患者,然而,隨著患者年齡的增長,DLBCL 發(fā)病率也增加,70歲以上患者最常見。男性DLBCL的發(fā)病率相對高于女性[2-3]。DLBCLs的生物學特性、基因突變和免疫表型多種多樣,直到現(xiàn)在,DLBCL的發(fā)病機制仍然很不清楚[4]。
miRNA是具有單鏈的非編碼RNA分子[5]。miRNA可以促進其靶向的mRNA降解,干擾翻譯過程發(fā)揮基因表達的調控作用[6]。miRNA在幾乎所有細胞過程中都具有重要作用,它們在細胞增殖分化等許多細胞過程發(fā)揮作用[7]。近年來,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)miRNA已成為癌癥進展中的重要參與者。miRNA可以抑制或促進腫瘤的發(fā)生發(fā)展[8]。例如,過表達的miR-142-5p可以抑制胰腺癌的生長[9];miR-187靶向MAPK12抑制骨肉瘤的生長;免疫反應中,miR-424通過T細胞調節(jié)上皮性卵巢癌的化療耐藥性[10]。miR-9的表達與細胞分化、增殖、遷移和轉移緊密相關。在多種癌癥中觀察到miR-9的異常表達[11],表明miR-9參與癌癥的發(fā)生。然而,目前有關miR-9在DLBCL中的作用尚不確定。
本研究通過miRNA靶基因預測軟件Targetscan數(shù)據(jù)庫預測FOXP1上游靶標分子miR-9,檢測DLBCL細胞OCI-Ly3中miR-9的表達水平,并測試miR-9對OCI-Ly3增殖和侵襲能力的影響,探究miR-9對彌漫性大B細胞淋巴瘤細胞的作用及機制,現(xiàn)報道如下。
1材料與方法
1.1材料
DLBCL細胞系OCI-Ly3(上海拜力生物有限科技公司);人B淋巴母細胞系IM9(武漢尚碼生物科技有限公司);RPMI1640(sigma);FBS(杭州四季青);miR-9及U6特異性引物(廣州銳博生物科技有限公司);mimic miR-9(廣州銳博生物科技有限公司);FOXP1抗體(proteintech);PCR試劑盒(Vazyme Biotech)。
1.2方法
1.2.1細胞培養(yǎng)? DLBCL細胞系OCI-Ly3和人B淋巴母細胞系IM9在37℃細胞恒溫箱中孵育,RPMI1640補充有10%(V/V)的FBS、青霉素(100 U/ml)和鏈霉素(100 U/ml)。
1.2.2實時熒光定量? 實時熒光定量PCR(RT-PCR)TRIzol法提取總RNA。使用PCR試劑盒逆轉錄miR-9。之后,使用RT-PCR檢測成熟miR-9的表達,使用U6特異性引物作為內參。
1.2.3熒光素酶基因報告實驗? 根據(jù)Targetscan軟件預測miR-9與FOXP1 mRNA 3′-UTR區(qū)結合序列。將含該結合位點的片段插入到熒光素酶報告基因質粒。構建兩組質粒:包含該結合位點的野生型質粒(FOXP1 3′UTR WT)以及突變該結合位點的突變質粒(FOXP1 3′UTR Mut)。轉染OCL-LY-3細胞miR-9 mimic和兩組質粒,摩爾比為50∶1。miRNA對照用作陰性對照。24 h后根據(jù)說明書(Promega,E2920),測定熒光素酶活性。
1.2.4 miR-9轉染? 將OCI-Ly3細胞系鋪板,根據(jù)銳博生物科技公司提供的說明書,使用lipofectamine 2000進行轉染,mimic miR-9用于過表達miR-9,對照組轉染mimic Con。24~48 h后進行后續(xù)實驗。
1.2.5細胞增殖檢測? 對轉染miR-9 mimic的OCI-Ly3細胞進行細胞增殖檢測,檢測起點記為0 h,分別在0、6、12、24 h收集細胞,實驗血球計數(shù)板進行細胞計數(shù)。
1.2.6細胞侵襲能力檢測? 使用Transwell進行體外細胞侵襲實驗。簡而言之,Transwell小室PVDF膜上用基質膠與處理,細胞恒溫箱中平衡2 h。PBS清洗1遍,在Transwell內室加入細胞懸液(1×105細胞/孔),恒溫箱中孵育24 h。輕輕擦去靠近內側細胞,另用甲醛室溫固定30 min,結晶紫染色20 min,PBS洗3遍,顯微鏡下進行細胞計數(shù)。每組設三復孔。
1.2.7 Western blot分析? RIPA裂解液裂解細胞,在冰上提取總蛋白;于4℃條件下,12 000 g離心20 min;BCA蛋白定量;12%十二烷硫酸鈉-聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳分離蛋白,濕轉法制得PVDF膜;用TBST洗滌PVDF膜3次,每次15 min;5%脫脂牛奶室溫封閉2 h;加入一抗(FOXP1,1∶1000),4℃過夜;用TBST洗滌3次,每次15 min;室溫孵育二抗(辣根過氧化物酶標記的羊抗兔或羊抗鼠IgG二抗,1∶2000)2 h;用TBST洗滌3次,每次15 min;用化學發(fā)光顯色法顯影,拍照統(tǒng)計。
1.3實驗分組
分組包括如下:①熒光素基因報告實驗分組,包括mimic Con+FOXP1 3′UTR WT組、mimic miR-9+FOXP1 3′UTR WT組、mimic Con+FOXP1 3′UTR Mut組及mimic miR-9+FOXP1 3′UTR Mut組。②miR-9對FOXP1表達調控作用驗證分組,包括mimic Con組及mimic miR-9組。③miR-9在人DLBCL細胞OCI-Ly3和人B淋巴母細胞IM9中表達水平驗證分組,包括B淋巴母細胞組及人DLBCL組。④miR-9對OCI-Ly3細胞體外增殖以及侵襲能力的作用驗證:mimic Con組,mimic miR-9組。
1.4觀察指標
本研究觀察指標包括:①比較mimic Con+FOXP1 3′UTR WT組與mimic miR-9+FOXP1 3′UTR WT組的熒光素酶活性,熒光素酶活性降低降低,表明miR-9與FOXP1結合;②比較mimic Con組與mimic miR-9組的FOXP1表達水平,F(xiàn)OXP1表達水平降低,表明miR-9抑制FOXP1表達;③比較人DLBCL細胞OCI-Ly3和人B淋巴母細胞IM9中miR-9的表達水平;④比較mimic Con組與mimic miR-9組OCI-Ly3細胞增殖數(shù)目以及穿過Transwell的細胞數(shù)目,細胞計數(shù)降低,表明miR-9抑制OCI-ly3細胞體外增殖和侵襲。
1.5統(tǒng)計學方法
采用SPSS 11.5統(tǒng)計學軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計量資料用均數(shù)±標準差(x±s)表示,兩組間比較采用t檢驗,多組間比較采用方差分析,以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。
2結果
2.1 miR-9與FOXP1結合
利用miRNA靶基因預測軟件Targetscan預測出miR-9與FOXP1直接結合,預測結果見圖1,封三。并采用熒光素酶實驗驗證miR-9與FOXP1的結合,結果提示,mimic miR-9+FOXP1 3′UTR WT組的熒光素酶活性低于轉染mimic Con+FOXP1 3′UTR WT組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.0001),mimic Con+FOXP1 3′UTR Mut組與mimic miR-9+FOXP1 3′UTR Mut組的熒光素酶活性比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05)(圖2)。
2.2過表達miR-9對FOXP1表達的影響
過表達miR-9對FOXP1表達的影響,結果見圖3,結果提示,過表達miR-9抑制FOXP1表達。在DLBCL細胞系OCI-Ly3細胞中使用mimic miR-9過表達miR-9,mimic miR-9組的FOXP1表達水平低于mimic Con組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)(圖4)。
2.3 miR-9在DLBCL細胞系和B淋巴母細胞中的表達情況
結果提示,人DLBCL細胞系OCI-Ly3細胞的miR-9表達水平低于B淋巴母細胞,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)(圖5)。
2.4過表達miR-9對OCI-Ly3細胞增殖的影響
在OCI-Ly3細胞中轉染miR-9 mimic后進行細胞增殖檢測,結果提示,在轉染后12、24、48 h后,mimic miR-9組的細胞數(shù)目少于mimic Con組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)(圖6)。
2.5過表達miR-9對OCI-Ly3細胞體外侵襲能力的影響
在OCI-Ly3細胞中轉染miR-9 mimic后進行Transwell體外細胞侵襲實驗,mimic Con組穿過Transwell的細胞數(shù)為(879±24)個,mimic miR-9組穿過Transwell的數(shù)目為(487±28)個。mimic miR-9組穿過Transwell的數(shù)目少于mimic Con組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(t=26.635,P<0.001)。
3討論
FOXP1在許多生物過程中起著重要作用,包括T細胞和B細胞的發(fā)育和功能[12-15]。此外,F(xiàn)OXP1已被確認為是肝細胞癌、胰腺癌和各種類型的B細胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤的潛在致癌基因[16-18]。研究發(fā)現(xiàn), DLBCL和粘膜相關淋巴組織(MALT)淋巴瘤中,F(xiàn)OXP1的高表達與腫瘤預后不良相關聯(lián),并且促使其轉變?yōu)榍忠u性淋巴瘤[19-20]。長期以來,F(xiàn)OXP1被認為是DLBCL中推定的致癌基因,其通過促進B細胞存活,抑制漿細胞分化,增強Wnt信號傳導和抑制主要組織相容性復合體(major histocompatibility complex,MHC)Ⅱ類分子表達等機制發(fā)揮致癌作用[21-23]。
miRNA在轉錄后水平介導mRNA降解從而調控基因表達。本研究通過Targetscan數(shù)據(jù)庫分析發(fā)現(xiàn),miR-9可以與FOXP1的3′UTR區(qū)結合。通過熒光素酶實驗證實miR-9與FOXP1的結合。過表達miR-9則導致FOXP1的表達水平降低,進一步證實miR-9作為FOXP1的上游靶標分子,調控FOXP1的表達。而FOXP1已經在DLBCL中進行了廣泛的研究,已知它可以調節(jié)B細胞的存活和侵襲性,高FOXP1水平的DLBCL預后更差。因此其上游靶標分子miR-9在DLBCL中可能發(fā)揮重要作用。RT-PCR結果顯示,在DLBCL細胞系中miR-9的表達低于人淋巴母細胞IM9。鑒于miR-9與FOXP1的3′-UTR區(qū)的結合及其對FOXP1的調節(jié)作用,miR-9的異常表達可能是導致FOXP1在DLBCL中高表達的機制之一。在DLBCL細胞系OCI-Ly3中過表達miR-9,可以抑制OCL-Ly3細胞的增殖和侵襲能力。表明miR-9可以靶向FOXP1調節(jié)DLBCL細胞的增殖和侵襲能力。miR-9的表達失調可能是促進DLBCL發(fā)展的機制之一。
綜上所述,miR-9通過靶向FOXP1在DLBCL中起關鍵作用。MiR-9表達失調可通過上調其下游靶標分子FOXP1表達促進DLBCL細胞增殖和轉移。本研究有助于了解miR-9在DLBCL中的作用及機制,然而,miR-9是否也通其他分子靶標調節(jié)DLBCL發(fā)生發(fā)展過程,仍有待進一步的研究。
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(收稿日期:2019-07-04? 本文編輯:孟慶卿)