李鵬 李愛歆
摘要:目的? 研究多塞平治療腦卒中后抑郁臨床效果及對(duì)神經(jīng)功能缺損康復(fù)的影響。方法? 選取2017年6月~2019年6月在我院診治的72例腦卒中后抑郁患者為研究對(duì)象,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為對(duì)照組和觀察組,各36例。對(duì)照組采用常規(guī)治療,觀察組在常規(guī)治療基礎(chǔ)上加服多賽平。比較兩組臨床治療療效、治療前后漢密爾頓抑郁評(píng)分(HAMD)和神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分、生活自理能力評(píng)分以及不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果? 觀察組臨床治療總有效率(94.44%)高于對(duì)照組(80.56%)(P<0.05);治療后兩組HAMD評(píng)分、神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分均低于治療前,且觀察組低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);治療后兩組生活自理能力評(píng)分均高于治療前,且觀察組高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);觀察組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率(11.11%)與對(duì)照組(8.33%)比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論? 多塞平治療腦卒中后抑郁狀態(tài)療效確切,可減輕患者抑郁狀態(tài),促進(jìn)患者神經(jīng)功能恢復(fù),進(jìn)一步提高其生活自理能力,且不會(huì)增加不良反應(yīng),用藥安全可靠。
關(guān)鍵詞:多塞平;腦卒中后抑郁;神經(jīng)功能缺損;康復(fù)
中圖分類號(hào):R749.1? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2020.15.044
文章編號(hào):1006-1959(2020)15-0142-02
Abstract:Objective? To study the clinical effect of doxepin in the treatment of post-stroke depression and its influence on the rehabilitation of neurological deficits.Methods? A total of 72 patients with post-stroke depression who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method, with 36 cases in each group. The control group received conventional treatment, and the observation group received doxepin on the basis of conventional treatment. The clinical treatment efficacy, Hamilton Depression Score (HAMD), neurological deficit score, self-care ability score, and adverse reactions before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results? The total effective rate of clinical treatment in the observation group (94.44%) was higher than that of the control group (80.56%) (P<0.05); the HAMD scores and neurological deficit scores of the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment, and the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.05); After treatment, the scores of self-care ability of the two groups were higher than before treatment, and the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.05); the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group (11.11%) was compared with the control group (8.33%),the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion? Doxepin has a definite effect in treating post-stroke depression. It can alleviate the patient's depression, promote the recovery of the patient's neurological function, and further improve their ability to take care of themselves without increasing adverse reactions. The medication is safe and reliable.
Key words:Doxepin;Post-stroke depression;Neurological deficit;Rehabilitation
腦卒中抑郁(stroke depression)是腦卒中常見的并發(fā)癥,主要表現(xiàn)為悲觀、失望、易怒,甚至自殺,嚴(yán)重影響患者的生活質(zhì)量和預(yù)后。腦卒中抑郁還會(huì)影響患者神經(jīng)功能恢復(fù),增加并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生率。研究顯示[1],抗抑郁藥物治療可有效改善腦卒中后抑郁狀態(tài),有一定療效。多塞平為三環(huán)類抗抑郁藥,有抗焦慮和鎮(zhèn)靜作用,但其治療腦卒中抑郁的療效、安全性及對(duì)神經(jīng)功能缺損的影響尚未完全明確,還有待進(jìn)一步研究。本研究結(jié)合我院診治的72例腦卒中后抑郁患者臨床資料,觀察多塞平治療腦卒中后抑郁狀態(tài)及對(duì)神經(jīng)功能缺損的康復(fù)影響,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料? 選取2017年6月~2019年6月在佳木斯市中心醫(yī)院診治的72例腦卒中后抑郁患者為研究對(duì)象,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為對(duì)照組和觀察組,各36例。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①符合《CCMD-3中國精神障礙分類與診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(第三版)》中關(guān)于抑郁癥的診斷;②抑郁發(fā)病在腦卒中之后;③患者神志清楚,生命體征穩(wěn)定。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①合并有心、肝、腎等嚴(yán)重系統(tǒng)疾病者;②雙相情感性精神障礙抑郁者,或非抑郁性精神病者;③研究藥物過敏者。對(duì)照組男19例,女17例;年齡52~74歲,平均年齡(68.23±3.11)歲;病程2~7個(gè)月,平均病程(3.65±2.45)個(gè)月。觀察組男20例,女16例;年齡53~73歲,平均年齡(68.21±3.67)歲;病程2~6個(gè)月,平均病程(3.60±1.45)個(gè)月。兩組年齡、性別、病程比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),可比較。本研究經(jīng)過醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn),所有患者均自愿參加本研究,并簽署知情同意書。
1.2方法
1.2.1對(duì)照組? 給予阿司匹林片(拜耳醫(yī)藥保健有限公司,國藥準(zhǔn)字J20130078,規(guī)格:100 mg/片)口服,100 mg/次,3次/d;腹壁皮下注射低分子量肝素鈣注射液(河北常山生化藥業(yè)股份有限公司,國藥準(zhǔn)字H20063910,規(guī)格:0.4 ml/支),根據(jù)體重給予不同起始劑量:體重<50 kg,≥50 kg者分別給予0.3、0.4 ml,1次/d,連續(xù)治療7周。
1.2.2觀察組? 在常規(guī)治療基礎(chǔ)上加服鹽酸多賽平片(常州康普藥業(yè)有限公司,國藥準(zhǔn)字H32022163,規(guī)格:25mg/片),3次/d,25 mg/次,連續(xù)治療7周。
1.3觀察指標(biāo)? 比較兩組臨床治療療效、治療前后漢密爾頓抑郁評(píng)分(HAMD)和神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分、生活自理能力評(píng)分以及臨床不良反應(yīng)(頭暈、惡心嘔吐、失眠、便秘、心悸)發(fā)生情況。HAMD:采用抑郁度自評(píng)量,>73分重度抑郁,62~73分中度抑郁,52~63分輕度抑郁。神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分:輕型(0~15分),中型(16~30分),重型(31~45分)。生活自理能力評(píng)分[2]:采用Barthel 指數(shù)評(píng)價(jià),量表共10項(xiàng),20分以下為生活完全依賴,21~40分明顯依賴,41~60分日常需要幫助,60分以上生活基本可自理。療效評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[3]:用HAMD量表評(píng)定,痊愈:HAMD 量表減分率>75%;顯效:抑郁減分率為 51%~75%;有效:抑郁減分率25%~50%;無效:抑郁減分率<25%;總有效率=(痊愈+顯效+有效)/總例數(shù)×100%。
1.4統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法? 使用SPSS 24.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件包分析,計(jì)量資料用(x±s)表示,行t檢驗(yàn),計(jì)數(shù)資料用[n(%)]表示,行?字2檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2結(jié)果
2.1兩組療效比較? 觀察組臨床治療總有效率高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表1。
2.2兩組治療前后HAMD、神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分比較? 治療后兩組HAMD評(píng)分、神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分均低于治療前,且觀察組低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),見表2。
2.3兩組治療前后生活自理能力評(píng)分比較? 治療后兩組患者生活自理能力評(píng)分均高于治療前,且觀察組高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表3。
2.4兩組臨床不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況比較? 兩組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見表4。
3討論
腦卒中后抑郁的治療,不僅需要重視抑狀態(tài)的治療,還應(yīng)重視神經(jīng)功能的恢復(fù)。研究顯示[4],腦卒中患者由于發(fā)生語言障礙、肢體障礙等,產(chǎn)生悲觀、失眠、失望等情緒,加之神經(jīng)功能缺損導(dǎo)致神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)異常,最終導(dǎo)致抑郁的產(chǎn)生。多塞平屬于抗抑郁藥,有良好的抗抑郁作用,用藥后可一定程度恢復(fù)神經(jīng)功能,改善患者臨床癥狀,但治療腦卒中后抑郁的療效和安全性還有待研究。
本研究中觀察組臨床治療總有效率高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),提示多塞平治療腦卒中后抑郁總有效率高,可改善抑郁狀態(tài),與范清雨等[5]研究結(jié)論基本一致。治療后觀察組HAMD評(píng)分、神經(jīng)功能缺損評(píng)分均低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),提示多塞平可促進(jìn)神經(jīng)功能恢復(fù),減輕抑郁狀態(tài)。觀察組生活自理能力評(píng)分高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),表明在多塞平治療有助于提高腦卒中后抑郁患者生活自理能力。兩組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),提示多塞平治療腦卒中后抑郁不良反應(yīng)少,應(yīng)用安全性良好。
綜上所述,多塞平治療腦卒中后抑郁狀態(tài)有效率高,可降低抑郁狀態(tài)評(píng)分,減輕神經(jīng)功能缺損,促進(jìn)神經(jīng)功能恢復(fù),提高患者生活自理能力,不良反應(yīng)少,應(yīng)用安全性高。
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收稿日期:2020-01-02;修回日期:2020-02-25
編輯/馮清亮