王振祥

1. scene n. （戲?。┮粓?現(xiàn)場;場面;景色

scene為名詞，有如下含義：

① 戲劇的一場 （a small part of a play）

The first act is divided into four scenes. 第一幕分成四場。

② （事件的）發(fā)生地點(diǎn);現(xiàn)場 （the place where something happens）

Our reporter was the first person on the scene. 我們的記者是最先到達(dá)出事地點(diǎn)的。

③ 景色;景象 （view; something that you can look at）

The sunrise was a beautiful scene. 日出是一幅美景。

④ 布景;場景（background on the stage of a theatre）

The scene of the play is a kitchen. 這出戲的場景是廚房。

【思維拓展】

behind the scenes在后臺;[喻]在幕后;知道內(nèi)情的;appear / come on the scene出現(xiàn)在舞臺上;登場;出場;[喻]受到人們注意;on the scene [口]出現(xiàn);到場;在場;quit the scene退場;離開人間;set the scene （為……）作好準(zhǔn)備;描述實(shí)況

【易混辨析】 sight， view， scene， scenery的區(qū)別

sight指“景色”，作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，往往指眼見的景色，如供人游覽的“景”和“名勝”，但尤指人工制成的人文景觀。view， scene和scenery則往往指自然景色。view強(qiáng)調(diào)看到景色的整體印象，scene強(qiáng)調(diào)景色本身。而scenery一般指某一地區(qū)的自然風(fēng)貌或鄉(xiāng)村的天然景色，如高山、平原、峽谷、森林、草地等。

2. stare v. 凝視，盯著看

Why are you staring at me like that？ 你為什么那樣盯著我看？

They all stared with astonishment. 他們?nèi)俭@訝地瞪著眼。

He felt a little shy as the girl was staring him in the face. 他有點(diǎn)害羞，因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)女孩緊盯著他臉看。

She stared him into silence. 她把他盯得不吭聲了。

【思維拓展】

stare at sb. / sth. 凝視某人/某物;stare sb. in the face凝視著某人，緊盯著某人;stare sb. into sth. 瞪著某人使做出某種反應(yīng)

【易混辨析】 stare， glare， glance和gaze的區(qū)別

stare表示一般意義上的盯著看，常指因生氣、害怕或吃驚而睜大眼睛注視著某事物，常與at， into等介詞連用;glare是“怒視”，表示憤怒地看;glance指快速地看某人或某物一眼;gaze表示“目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看”，并含有“驚嘆”、“羨慕”或“入迷”的意思。

【要點(diǎn)提示】 stare也可用作名詞，意為“凝視”。如：

She gave him a long cool stare. 她冷冷地久久凝視他。

3. fault n. 過錯(cuò);缺點(diǎn);故障

It was not our fault that we were late. 這次遲到不是我們的錯(cuò)。

Any fault in a car can cause the loss of lives. 汽車上的任何瑕疵都可能導(dǎo)致生命的損失。

【思維拓展】

at fault出差錯(cuò);有毛病;是問題所在;find fault （with） 找茬，挑毛病;to a fault過于……;過頭;過火

4. spot vt. 發(fā)現(xiàn);認(rèn)出 n. 斑點(diǎn);污點(diǎn);地點(diǎn)

He finally spotted just the shirt he wanted. 他最后找到了他想要的襯衫。

They were spotted by police as they were entering the bank. 他們走進(jìn)銀行時(shí)被警察認(rèn)出來了。

There are several spots on my shirt. 我襯衫上有幾處污點(diǎn)。

This is the spot where the two trucks crashed. 這兒就是兩輛卡車相撞的地點(diǎn)。

5. account v. 認(rèn)為;說明，總計(jì)有 n. 說明;理由;計(jì)算;賬戶

He put the money into his bank account. 他把錢存在他的銀行賬戶上。

We can not account for his failure in the English examination. 我們無法解釋他為什么在英語考試中未考好。

【思維拓展】

account to sb. for sth. 向某人解釋某事;give an account of 解釋（原因）;keep account of記賬;take account of考慮;記錄;leave out of account沒有考慮到，不計(jì)較;on account of因?yàn)?，由?on no account絕不，千萬不要;on one's own account為了私利;責(zé)任自負(fù);獨(dú)自;account for對……作出解釋;說明原因;take account of考慮;take... into account把……納入考慮;顧及

6. seek v. 尋求;謀求;尋找;嘗試，試圖

Why don't you seek shelter from the rain？ 你為什么不尋找避雨的地方呢？

You'd better seek the doctor's advice. 你最好征求醫(yī)生的意見。

Mr. Zhao is seeking for a solution to the problem. 趙老師在尋找這個(gè)問題的解決方法。

【要點(diǎn)提示】

① seek是個(gè)不規(guī)則動詞，其過去式和過去分詞分別為sought， sought;

② seek可作及物動詞，也可作不及物動詞，應(yīng)視情況而定;作不及物動詞時(shí)，可構(gòu)成詞組：seek for sth. 尋找，尋求;seek out sth. 找到，找出;seek after sth. 追求，設(shè)法得到;seek into sth. 仔細(xì)檢查。

③ 表示“試圖;設(shè)法”，后面接動詞不定式，不接動名詞。

7. go ahead 前進(jìn);（用于祈使句）可以，往下說

A judge has ruled that the music festival can go ahead. 法官裁定音樂節(jié)可以繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。

You go ahead and we'll catch you up later. 你先走，我們一會兒去追你。

They've decided to go ahead with plans to build 50 new houses on the site. 他們決定繼續(xù)實(shí)施在這片土地上建造50棟新房子的計(jì)劃。

【思維拓展】

go along with贊成;支持;隨行;go by時(shí)間過去;經(jīng)過;遵守;go down下降;下沉;下跌;go in for從事;愛好;參加（競賽、考試）;go into研究;調(diào)查;從事;go off離開;爆炸;食品變壞;斷電;go on繼續(xù)進(jìn)行;發(fā)生;go out離開;熄滅;過時(shí);go over瀏覽;仔細(xì)查看;檢查;審查;go through通過;經(jīng)歷（苦難）;仔細(xì)檢查;go up上升，增長;漲價(jià);go wrong出毛病;發(fā)生故障，走錯(cuò)路

8. bring up vt. 撫養(yǎng);培養(yǎng);養(yǎng)育;提出;突然停下;吐出

bring up為及物的動詞短語，后接人或動物時(shí)，意為“撫養(yǎng);培養(yǎng);養(yǎng)育”;后接事物時(shí)，有“提出”、“ 突然停下”、“吐出”等意思。如：

Many women still take career breaks to bring up children. 仍然有許多女性為了撫養(yǎng)孩子而離職。

I'll bring up this matter for my manager's consideration. 我將提出此事請經(jīng)理考慮。

His remark brought me up short. 他的話使我語無倫次。

She was crying so much and I thought she'd bring up her breakfast. 她哭得太厲害了，我想她會把早飯吐出來的。

【思維拓展】

bring about引起;實(shí)現(xiàn);使發(fā)生;bring down使下降;使倒下;bring in提出;引進(jìn);賺錢;bring out闡明;出版;使顯出;bring back使回想起;給……帶回

9. by accident 偶然;無意中;不小心

I deleted the file by accident. 我不小心刪掉了那個(gè)文件。

I found her letter by accident as I was looking through my files. 我在查看我的文檔時(shí)，意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)了她的信。

Did you leave his name out by accident or was it intentional？ 你是無意漏掉了他的名字，還是故意刪掉的？

【思維拓展】

by hand 手工;by mistake 錯(cuò)誤的;by accident / chance 偶然;by turns 輪流;by law 根據(jù)法律;by day 在白天;by the day 按天計(jì)算;by the pound 論磅;by weight 按重量;by agreement 約好;by design故意地;by air / land / water 乘飛機(jī) / 走陸路 / 走水路;by means of 用，依靠;by nature 天生的，生性;by heart 記牢;by mistake錯(cuò)誤地，由于錯(cuò)誤

10. on the contrary 相反，正相反，與此相反

The boy is not foolish. On the contrary， I think he is very clever. 這孩子不愚蠢，相反我認(rèn)為他很聰明。

—You don't like football， do you？ 你不喜歡足球，是嗎？

—On the contrary， I like it very much. 恰恰相反，我很喜歡足球。

【易混辨析】 on the contrary與to the contrary的區(qū)別

兩者都可表示“與此相反”，但前者強(qiáng)調(diào)說話者對前面所提出的情況完全不同意;而后者則僅指反面的情況。如：

I've never opposed it. On the contrary， I've always supported it. 我從未反對過它，恰恰相反，我一貫支持它。

I will come on Monday unless you write to the contrary. 我將于星期一來，除非你寫信叫我別來。

另外，on the contrary通常用作狀語，相當(dāng)于副詞;而 to the contrary則常用作定語，相當(dāng)于形容詞。

【鞏固訓(xùn)練】

單項(xiàng)選擇。

1. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ___ it was！

A. What a dangerous scene

B. What dangerous a scene

C. How a dangerous scene

D. How dangerous the scene

2. Although she was ___ in a mountainous area， she is no less intelligent than townspeople.

A. grown up ? B. brought up

C. grown into ? D. brought out

3. No one likes ___; it makes you feel uncomfortable.

A. staring at ? ? B. being stared

C. staring ? ? D. being stared at

4. —I'm sorry to have kept you waiting. I was answering a phone.

—Oh， that's not your ___.

A. mistake ? ? B. cause

C. reason ? ? D. fault

5. The terrible accident occurred at a con- struction ___ where we paid a visit yesterday.

A. spot ? B. place C. site ? D. scene

6. —Jack can't concentrate on his lessons

recently.

—Yes， that might ___ why he did so badly in the last test.

A. answer for ? B. apply for

C. account for D. call for

7. Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek ___ food safety problem.

A. in ? ? B. to ? ? C. on ? ? D. after

8. He is such a man who is always ___ fault with other people.

A. putting ? ? B. seeking

C. finding ? ? D. looking for

9. David gave us a vivid ___ of his trip to Mount Tai after his return.

A. account B. explanation

C. imagination D. idea

10. —I probably shouldn't have any more cake.

—Oh， ___. It won't kill you.

A. go ahead ? ? B. hold on， please

C. you're welcome D. that'll do