文/孫曄 王興偉

近日，最新一期QS世界大學(xué)排名發(fā)布，中國(guó)高等教育取得了重大進(jìn)步。今年我國(guó)共有51所內(nèi)地高校入圍世界前1000名榜單，2019年則為42所。

作為中國(guó)排名最高的學(xué)府，清華大學(xué)全球排名第15名，相比去年的第16名上升一名。這是該榜單自2004年發(fā)布以來，清華大學(xué)所取得的最好排名。據(jù)“世界大學(xué)新聞”網(wǎng)站報(bào)道，清華大學(xué)排名上升的原因，主要是因?yàn)樵撔Ｔ趯W(xué)術(shù)地位及研究影響力上的進(jìn)步。北京大學(xué)排名第23名，較去年略降1位。復(fù)旦大學(xué)也創(chuàng)下了歷史最好成績(jī)——排名從第40名上升到第34名。上海交通大學(xué)排名第47名，首次進(jìn)入全球前50名。

今年的排名包括來自80多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的1000所大學(xué)。榜單共有6項(xiàng)排名指標(biāo)：學(xué)術(shù)聲譽(yù)、雇主聲譽(yù)、單位教員論文引用數(shù)、師生比例、國(guó)際學(xué)生比例、國(guó)際教師比例。QS研究總監(jiān)本·索特認(rèn)為，中國(guó)高校持續(xù)在學(xué)術(shù)研究方面表現(xiàn)不俗并不令人意外。

事實(shí)上，當(dāng)QS排名2004年首次發(fā)布時(shí)，中國(guó)內(nèi)地只有兩所高校進(jìn)入全球前100名，10所高校進(jìn)入全球前500名。QS指出，許多專家認(rèn)為，“211”工程、“985”工程以及“雙一流”建設(shè)等種種決策讓中國(guó)政府對(duì)高等教育進(jìn)行了大量投入?！爸袊?guó)十分重視建設(shè)高等教育強(qiáng)國(guó)，中國(guó)高校的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力及影響力近年來也取得了快速的發(fā)展?！盦S中國(guó)總監(jiān)張巘表示。

《泰晤士高等教育》也于近日正式發(fā)布了最新一期亞洲大學(xué)排名。清華大學(xué)和北京大學(xué)首次位居亞洲大學(xué)前兩位。此外，在今年的榜單上，中國(guó)內(nèi)地高校首次在前10名中占據(jù)三席，其中，中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)位居第10位。“在優(yōu)先發(fā)展知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)以及對(duì)優(yōu)秀大學(xué)的投入方面，中國(guó)已經(jīng)領(lǐng)先于許多亞洲國(guó)家及地區(qū)。”《泰晤士高等教育》首席知識(shí)官菲爾·巴蒂指出。與此同時(shí)，“全世界將會(huì)看到越來越多的中國(guó)學(xué)者在領(lǐng)先期刊上發(fā)表最高水平的研究成果，這將進(jìn)一步提升中國(guó)高校的排名?！彼a(bǔ)充道。

The latest edition of the QS World University Rankings was released recently, confirming significant progress for China's higher education.Fifty-one universities from the Chinese mainland have been included in the global top 1,000, compared with 42 in its last rankings.

Tsinghua University, China's highest-ranked university, rose from 16th place last year to 15th, leaving Yale University behind. It has achieved its best ranking since the list was first published in 2004.According to University World News, Tsinghua's rise is primarily due to improvements in its academic standing and research impact.Peking University slipped one place to 23rd. Fudan University has also reached a new height - rising from 40th to 34th - and Shanghai Jiao Tong University placed 47th, entering the global top 50 for the first time.

This year's rankings feature 1,000 universities from 80 countries and regions. The rankings use six indicators, including academic and employer reputation, citations per faculty, student-to-faculty ratio and international student and faculty ratio. It is not a surprise that Chinese universities have continued to perform well in academic research, according to Ben Sowter, the director of research for QS.

In fact, when the QS rankings were first published in 2004, there were only two universities from the Chinese mainland that entered the global top 100 and just 10 in the top 500. Many experts point to the substantial investment the Chinese government has injected into its higher education sector, thanks to various initiatives like the 211 Project, the 985 Project and the Double First-Class Initiative, QS stated. “China has attached great importance to establishing itself as a world leader in higher education, and the ... competitiveness and influence of Chinese universities have also seen rapid development in recent years,” said Christina Yan Zhang, QS's China director.

The latestTimes Higher Education(THE) Asia University Rankings were also released. Tsinghua University and Peking University have secured the top two spots among Asian universities for the first time. This year's rankings also saw Chinese mainland universities claiming three of the top 10 positions for the first time, with the University of Science and Technology of China listed for 10th.“China has been ahead of a lot of Asian countries and regions in prioritizing the knowledge economy and prioritizing investment in great universities,” noted THE's Chief Knowledge Officer, Phil Baty.Meanwhile, “the world will see more Chinese scholars producing research at the highest level in leading journals, which will further improve Chinese universities' rankings,” he added.