国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

中國(guó)銀蓮花屬新分類

2021-06-15 03:10王文采
廣西植物 2021年13期
關(guān)鍵詞:中國(guó)分類

摘 要:? 該文對(duì)中國(guó)毛茛科銀蓮花屬(Anemone L.)進(jìn)行了分類學(xué)研究,共收載86種,可將這些種劃分為10組:其中5組,即草玉梅組、西南銀蓮花組、鈍裂銀蓮花組、短柱銀蓮花組和直果銀蓮花組均是該屬具中等演化水平的分類群;另外5組,即銀蓮花組、鵝掌草組、卵葉銀蓮花組、二岐銀蓮花組和打破碗花花組則均是具高度演化水平的分類群。在這10組中,鈍裂銀蓮花組與銀蓮花組有相近的親緣關(guān)系,短柱銀蓮花組與鵝掌草組有相近的親緣關(guān)系,而其余6組之間的親緣關(guān)系情況,目前尚未了解。該文寫出了區(qū)別所有屬下分類群的檢索表、所有分類群的文獻(xiàn)引證和地理分布,并對(duì)每一種均指出了研究的重要標(biāo)本,對(duì)多數(shù)種均提供插圖。描述了2新組(短柱銀蓮花組和直果銀蓮花組)、4新系(鵝掌草組的鶴峰銀蓮花系和加查銀蓮花系,以及直果銀蓮花組的興義銀蓮花系和直果銀蓮花系)、13新種(九龍銀蓮花、柏枝山銀蓮花、狹萼銀蓮花、道孚銀蓮花、瀘定銀蓮花、波密銀蓮花、嘎隆拉山銀蓮花、三小葉銀蓮花、折多山銀蓮花、寶興銀蓮花、貢嘎銀蓮花、福貢銀蓮花和盤蕊銀蓮花)、1新亞種(長(zhǎng)柄鈍裂銀蓮花)以及4新變種(紫萼折多山銀蓮花、矮展毛銀蓮花、疏毛川西銀蓮花和瀘水銀蓮花)。此外,還將變種條葉銀蓮花提升為種級(jí)分類群;將涪陵銀蓮花降級(jí)作為川西銀蓮花的一個(gè)變種;由于Anemone rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms. 為一不合法的晚出異物同名,遂擬出一新名(Anemone neorupestris W. T. Wang);小花草玉梅在過(guò)去多年間被處理為草玉梅的一個(gè)變種,在該文中其原來(lái)種級(jí)群的地位得到恢復(fù);1939年,H. Handel-Mazzetti將變種云南銀蓮花歸并于展毛銀蓮花,將稀果銀蓮花歸并于滇川銀蓮花,對(duì)此二歸并,該文贊同并采用。

關(guān)鍵詞: 毛茛科,銀蓮花屬, 分類, 中國(guó)

中圖分類號(hào):? Q949

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:? A

文章編號(hào):? 1000-3142(2021)增刊1-0001-118

A new classification of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) of China

WANG Wen-tsai

( State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China )

Abstract:? A taxonomic study of the genus Anemone (Ranunculaceae) of China has been conducted. Eighty-six species are recognized and classified into ten sections. Of them, five sections, Rivularidium, Anemonanthea, Himalayicae, Brachycladus and Pleurocarpus, are groups with medium-evolutionary level, and the another five sections, Omalocarpus, Stolonifera,Begoniifolia, Anemonidium and Anemone, are groups with high-evolutionary level. In these ten sections,Sect. Himalayicae is closely related to Sect. Omalocarpus, Sect. Brachycladus is closely related to Sect. Stolonifera, and the relationships among the other six sections are not yet clear? now. A key to sections, series, species and infraspecific taxa, and literature citations and geographic distributions for all taxa are presented. Records of important specimens studied for each species and illustrations for most species are provided. Two sections (Sects. Brachycladus and Pleurocarpus), four series (Ser. Hofengenses and Ser. Jiachaenses under Sect. Stolonifera and Ser. Xingyienses and Ser. Orthocarpae under Sect. Pleurocarpus), thirteen? species (A. jiulongensis, A. baizhishanica, A. stenosepala, A. daofuensis, A. ludingensis, A. bomiensis, A. galonglashanica, A. trifoliolata, A. zheduoshanica, A. baoxingensis, A. gonggaensis, A. fugongensis and A. discoideogyna), one subspecies (A. obtusiloba ssp. dolichopoda), and four varieties (A. zheduoshanica var. atropurpurea, A. prattii var. sparsipilifera,? A. fugongensis var. lushuiensis and A. demissa var. humilis) are described as new. Besides, A. obtusiloba ssp. trullifolia var. linearis Bruhl is elevated to specific rank; A. fulingensis is relegated to a variety under A. prattii; due to that A. rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms. is an illegitimate later homonym, its specific epithet ‘rupestris is changed as ‘neorupestris in this paper; A. barbulata, long relegated to a variety under A. rivularis, is restored to its previous specific rank; and the reduction of A. demissa var. yunnanensis Franch. to var. demissa, and the reduction of A. oligocarpa Pei to A. delavayi Franch, by H. Handel-Mazzetti in 1939 are accepted in this paper.

Key words: Ranunculaceae, Anemone, classification, China

《中國(guó)植物志》的中國(guó)銀蓮花屬(Anemone L.)(Wang, 1980)收載的53種被劃分為8組,即西南銀蓮花組(Sect. Anemonanthea)(12種)、鵝掌草組(Sect. Stolonifera)(8種)、草玉梅組(Sect. Rivularidium)(2種)、卵葉銀蓮花組(Sect. Begoniifolia)(4種)、打破碗花花組(Sect. Anemone)(8種)、鈍裂銀蓮花組(Sect. Himalayicae)(9種)、銀蓮花組(Sect. Omalocarpus)(9種)和二歧銀蓮花組(Sect. Anemonidium)(1種)。當(dāng)時(shí),我只認(rèn)識(shí)到具扁平瘦果的2組銀蓮花組(Sect.? Omalocarpus)和二歧銀蓮花組(Sect. Anemonidium)是此屬的進(jìn)化群,將此2組放在分類系統(tǒng)中的最后位置。后來(lái),我看到日本植物學(xué)家M. Tamura(田村道夫)教授的此屬分類系統(tǒng)將心皮和瘦果數(shù)目多、密被長(zhǎng)綿毛的打破碗花花組(Sect. Anemone)放在其系統(tǒng)的最后位置(Tamura, 1995),我贊同他的處理。此外,在研究了此屬植物花的構(gòu)造后,我還認(rèn)識(shí)到鵝掌草組(Sect. Stolonifera)[心皮花柱極短或不存在,柱頭發(fā)育,呈球形、卵球形等形狀,花粉具4~10溝(Xi & Chang, 1964)]和卵葉銀蓮花組(Sect. Begoniifolia)[心皮具短花柱和相當(dāng)發(fā)育的橢圓體形柱頭,瘦果具4條縱肋,卵葉銀蓮花(A. begoniifolia)的花粉具13~18個(gè)散孔(Xi & Chang, 1964; Zhang et al., 2015)] 2組均具明顯進(jìn)化特征,也是此屬的進(jìn)化群。 Hoot et al. (1994) 一方面認(rèn)為卵葉銀蓮花(A. begoniifolia)和 A. glaucifolia應(yīng)放在分布于非洲的A. caffra群中;另一方面又認(rèn)為在瘦果形態(tài)上則與草玉梅(A. rivularis)群極為相似。而Tamura(1995)卻將卵葉銀蓮花組(Sect. Begoniifolia)放在Subgen. Omalocarpus中的鈍裂銀蓮花組(Sect. Himalayica)和銀蓮花組(Sect. Omalocarpus)2組之前。其他3組,即草玉梅組(Sect. Rivularidium)、西南銀蓮花組(Sect. Anemonanthea)、鈍裂銀蓮花組(Sect. Himalayicae)則均比上述5組原始,它們既有一些原始特征,又有一些進(jìn)化特征。Tamura (1995)認(rèn)為草玉梅組(Sect. Rivularidium)無(wú)特化特征,是銀蓮花屬的原始群,并且將此組放在其銀蓮花屬分類系統(tǒng)的首位;Tamura的觀點(diǎn)得到Ehrendorfer & Samuel (2001)分子系統(tǒng)學(xué)研究的贊同。此組的總苞苞片具柄,心皮的柱頭不明顯,這些的確均是原始特征,但此組的心皮的花柱較長(zhǎng),并鉤狀彎曲,到果期變硬,可能是適應(yīng)動(dòng)物傳播果實(shí)的結(jié)果。此外,小花草玉梅(Anemone barbulata)和草玉梅(A. rivularis)的花粉均具12條散溝,是高度進(jìn)化現(xiàn)象(Xi & Chang, 1964)。另一組,西南銀蓮花組(Sect. Anemnanthea),此組的總苞苞片具柄,心皮的花柱通常比子房稍短,直或稍彎曲,這些都是原始特征,在此組多數(shù)種中,心皮具明顯柱頭,則是進(jìn)化的特征。關(guān)于鈍裂銀蓮花組(Sect. Himalayicae),此組雄蕊花絲條形,心皮的花柱比子房稍短、直,柱頭通常不明顯,這些均是原始特征,但此組的總苞苞片的柄完全消失,顯示出高度的退化現(xiàn)象,其染色體基數(shù)x=7也是一次生現(xiàn)象。此外,關(guān)于短柱銀蓮花(A. brevistyla),此種的心皮構(gòu)造與上述鈍裂銀花蓮組(Sect. Himalayicae)的心皮十分相似,花柱直,比子房稍短,柱頭不明顯,其植株體態(tài)(habit)和雄蕊花絲絲形以及花粉具6~7條溝的情況,與鵝掌草組(Sect. Stolonifera)相同。在《中國(guó)植物志》中,我將此種置于鵝掌草組(Sect. Stolonifera)中作為第一個(gè)種,認(rèn)為此種是此組的原始種。但鵝掌草組(Sect. Stolonifera)植物的心皮花柱極短或不存在,柱頭極為發(fā)育,呈球形、卵球形等形狀,這種心皮構(gòu)造與短柱銀蓮花(A.brevistyla)的心皮構(gòu)造大相徑庭。最近,我發(fā)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)自四川貢嘎山的一新種,即貢嘎銀蓮花(A. gonggaensis),其心皮構(gòu)造與短柱銀蓮花(A. brevistyla)的心皮構(gòu)造近似,區(qū)別在于其心皮花柱頂端具一小但明顯的柱頭。我根據(jù)此2種建立一新組,名為短柱銀蓮花組(Sect. Brachycladus),此新組的花構(gòu)造較原始,但短柱銀蓮花(A. brevistyla)的花粉具6~7溝,則是進(jìn)化的特征 [在銀蓮花屬中,多數(shù)種均具三溝花粉(Xi & Chang, 1964)]。此外,提到直果銀蓮花(A. orthocarpa)(產(chǎn)自貴州興義),Handel-Mazzetti 在1939年發(fā)表此新種時(shí)將此種與草玉梅(A. rivularis)作比較,但此種心皮的鉆形花柱不呈鉤狀彎曲,其瘦果具4條肋,花粉具6溝,因此與草玉梅(A. rivularis)有明顯區(qū)別。在《中國(guó)植物志》中,我將此種放在心皮無(wú)毛,瘦果也具4條肋的卵葉銀蓮花組(Sect. Begoniifolia)中,如前所述,卵葉銀蓮花組(Sect. Begoniifolia)的心皮的花柱極短或不存在,柱頭較發(fā)育,呈橢圓體形,這與直果銀蓮花(A. orthocarpa)的心皮構(gòu)造(花柱較長(zhǎng),呈鉆形,柱頭不明顯)大不相同。最近,我發(fā)現(xiàn)特產(chǎn)貴州、興義的興義銀蓮花(A. xingyiensis)的心皮具短但明顯的花柱,柱頭不明顯,瘦果具肋,在這些特征方面與直果銀蓮花(A. orthocarpa)相似,于是根據(jù)此2種建立另一新組,名之為直果銀蓮花組(Sect. Pleurocarpus),此組的心皮形態(tài)顯示出原始特征,但在具肋瘦果方面則顯示出進(jìn)化特征。目前,中國(guó)銀蓮花屬的種數(shù)已增至86種,在本文中被劃分為10組,其中草玉梅組(Sect. Rivularidium)、西南銀蓮花組(Sect. Anemonanthea)、鈍裂銀蓮花組(Sect. Himalayicae)、短柱銀蓮花組(Sect. Brachycladus)和直果銀蓮花組(Sect. Pleurocarpus)5組既有原始特征,又有進(jìn)化特征,是具中等演化水平的分類群;其余5組,即銀蓮花組(Sect. Omalocarpus)、鵝掌草組(Sect. Stolonifera)、卵葉銀蓮花組(Sect. Begoniifolia)、二岐銀蓮花組(Sect. Anemonidium)和打破碗花花組(Sect. Anemone)則均是具高度演化水平的分類群。最近,我看到一篇關(guān)于銀蓮花屬卵葉銀蓮花組的分子系統(tǒng)學(xué)文章(Zhang et al., 2015),該文將瘦果被綿毛,以野棉花(A. vitifolia)為代表的Subsect. Vitifoliae和以巖生銀蓮花(A. rupicola)為代表的Subsect. Rupicolae,以及心皮無(wú)毛、花柱短、柱頭明顯、瘦果具4條縱肋的卵葉銀蓮花組(Sect. Begoniifolia)等3分類群作為3亞組置于心皮無(wú)毛、花柱鉤狀彎曲、瘦果無(wú)肋的草玉梅組(Sect. Rivularidium)中。這與上述根據(jù)心皮和瘦果的形態(tài)特征劃分組級(jí)分類群等的情況大不相同。

銀蓮花屬

Anemone L. Sp. Pl. 528. 1753; DC. Syst. 1: 188. 1817; et Prodr. 1: 16. 1824; Spach, Hist. Nat. Veg. Phan. 7: 242. 1839; Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 19. 1855; Prantl in Bot. Jahrb. 9: 224. 1887; Jancz. in Rev. Gén. 4: 241. 1892; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 56. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 172. 1905; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 236. 1937; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28:1. 1980; Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 12: 178. 1991; et in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV: 324. 1995; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 127. 2008. Lectotype: A. coronaria L. (Britton & Brown, 1913; Javis et al., 1993)

多年生草本植物。根狀莖通常圓柱形,粗或細(xì),具密集或疏離的節(jié),稀呈塊狀。莖無(wú)葉,為花葶。葉均基生,少數(shù)或十?dāng)?shù)枚,稀不存在,為單葉,掌狀分裂,稀不分裂,稀為三出復(fù)葉或羽狀復(fù)葉(此時(shí)葉脈仍為掌狀)。聚傘花序頂生,不分枝或1~4回分枝;總苞苞片3,稀2,4或更多,有柄或無(wú)柄?;ㄝ嗥?~) 5~6 (~15~20),花瓣?duì)睿ò瓴淮嬖?雄蕊多數(shù),通常無(wú)毛,花絲絲形或條形,花藥內(nèi)向或側(cè)向;心皮少數(shù)至多數(shù),子房被柔毛,有時(shí)無(wú)毛,花柱通常無(wú)毛,短或長(zhǎng),有時(shí)不存在,柱頭不明顯或明顯,呈球形、卵球形或橢圓形、稀長(zhǎng)圓形。瘦果無(wú)柄或有柄,不扁,呈卵球形等形狀,有時(shí)兩側(cè)扁,甚至扁平,且在每側(cè)具翅,通常無(wú)肋,稀具1條或4條肋;宿存花柱直或彎曲,或不明顯。染色體基數(shù)x=8或7。

本屬有170余種,廣布于世界各大洲,但多數(shù)種分布于亞洲,尤其是東亞。中國(guó)約有86種(包括59特有種),除在海南省沒(méi)有分布外,廣布于其他各省、區(qū),多數(shù)種(約60種)分布于西南山區(qū),在甘肅、陜西一帶有10~15種,在新疆和內(nèi)蒙古各有5~6種,在東北有13種,在湖南、湖北各有5~7種,向東種數(shù)逐漸減少,在華東沿海諸省和臺(tái)灣地區(qū),各有1~2(~3)種,在福建只有1變種(A. hupehensis var. japonica)。

本文中,為了節(jié)省篇幅,只對(duì)剛恢復(fù)種級(jí)分類群的小花草玉梅(A. barbulata)、新提升到種級(jí)分類群的條葉銀蓮花(A. sino-linearis)和12新種寫出形態(tài)描述,對(duì)其他71種(過(guò)去發(fā)表的種)則未寫出形態(tài)描述。

Anemone glaucifolia Franch. (Franchet, 1886)的葉羽狀分裂,且具羽狀脈,以及花的形狀和顏色均與罌粟科植物十分相似。其花粉較大,具12條散溝和刺狀紋飾,是高度特化特征(Xi & Chang, 1964)。在銀蓮花屬的羽裂銀蓮花(A. subpinnata W. T. Wang), 以及毛茛科其他屬如白頭翁屬的細(xì)葉白頭翁(Pulsatilla turczaninoviiKryl. & Serg.) (Wang, 1980),鐵線蓮屬的鈍萼鐵線蓮(Clematis peterae Hand.-Mazz.) (Wang, 2003),毛茛屬的寬翅毛茛(Ranunculus platyspermus Fisch.) (Wang, 1995)等諸種的葉均為羽狀復(fù)葉,但葉脈卻是掌狀三出脈,不是羽狀脈。銀蓮花屬植物的花粉較小,多具3溝,只有3種[小花草玉梅(A. barbulata)、草玉梅(A. rivularis)和A. griffithii]的花粉具12條散溝,但無(wú)刺狀紋飾(Xi & Chang, 1964),而與A. glaucifolia的花粉不同。由于A. glaucifolia具有上述諸特化形態(tài)特征,顯示出與銀蓮花屬存在重要區(qū)別,因此我將Franchet根據(jù)A. glaucifolia建立的單種組Sect. Anemoclema (Franchet, 1886)提升為屬級(jí)群,即罌粟蓮花屬[Anemoclema (Franch.) W. T. Wang]。此屬可能是在從毛茛科演化出罌粟科的漫長(zhǎng)地質(zhì)歷史時(shí)期中出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)分類群。此單種屬包含的植物即為罌粟蓮花[Anemoclema glaucifolium (Franch.) W. T. Wang] (Wang, 1980)。如前所述,Hoot et al. (1994)認(rèn)為A. glaucifolia和A. begoniifolia與分布于非洲的A. caffra群的植物在親緣關(guān)系上極為相近。最近,我還看到一篇關(guān)于銀蓮花族(Trib. Anemoneae)的分子系統(tǒng)學(xué)文章( Liu et al., 2018),在此文的樹系圖中,Anemoclema glaucifolium不是與銀蓮花屬(Anemone)植物在同一演化分枝上相聚集,而是與鐵線蓮屬(Clematis)和錫蘭蓮屬(Naravelia)2屬植物在同一分枝上聚在一起;而銀蓮花屬(Anemone)植物則與獐耳細(xì)辛屬(Hepatica)植物和白頭翁屬(Pulsatilla)植物分別在另外2分枝上相聚集。根據(jù)上述,本文認(rèn)為Anemoclema是隸屬鐵線蓮亞族(Subtrid. Clematidinae)的一個(gè)成員。

中國(guó)銀蓮花屬有20余種可供藥用,如鵝掌草(Anemone flaccida)具有鎮(zhèn)痛、抗炎、抗動(dòng)脈粥狀硬化和抗腫瘤作用;多被銀蓮花(A. raddeana)具有鎮(zhèn)靜、抗菌、抗腫瘤和抗氧化作用;西南銀蓮花(A. davidii)具有抗菌和抗腫瘤作用;這些植物的活性成分為皂苷類化合物(Xie et al., 2016)。銀蓮花屬多數(shù)植物有美麗的花,可供觀賞,像秋牡丹(A. hupehensis var. japonica)在中國(guó)長(zhǎng)江流域及以南的省、區(qū)廣泛栽培,供觀賞,其他種類如打破碗花花(A. hupehensis)、大火草(A. tomentosa)、草玉梅(A. rivularis)、卵葉銀蓮花(A. begoniifolia)、多被銀蓮花(A. raddeana)、展毛銀蓮花(A. demissa)等均具美麗的花,都值得引種栽培。

組1. 草玉梅組

Sect.Rivularidium Jancz. in Rev. Gen. de Bot. 4: 251. 1892; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 196. 1905; Tamura in Sci. Rep. Osaka Univ. 16(2): 26.1967; et in Hiepko. Nat. Pflanzenftam., Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV: 29. 1995; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 22. 1980; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 53(3): 148. 2008; Q. E. Yang in Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 421. 2015, p. p. excl. Subsect. Vitifoliis, Subsect. Rupicolis et Subsect. Begoniifoliis. Lectotype: A. rivularis Buch.-Ham. ex DC.

基生葉數(shù)枚,具長(zhǎng)柄,通常3全裂或3深裂。萼片5~8 (~16)。雄蕊花絲通常絲形;花粉多具12條散溝(中國(guó)植物)。心皮和瘦果多數(shù),無(wú)毛,稀子房被柔毛,具較長(zhǎng)彎曲或鉤狀花柱。染色體基數(shù)通常x=8。

約13種,分布于東亞、中美洲和南美洲。中國(guó)有3種,廣布于西部和北部。

1. 小花草玉梅 圖版1: 1-4

Anemone barbulata Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 10(6-8): 149. 1837; Forbes & Hemsl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 10. 1886. —A. rivularis Buch.-Ham. ex DC. var. barbulata Turcz. ex Maxim. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 11: 21. 1890; Fedts. in Bull. Pekiing Soc. Nat. Hist. 2(3): 94. 1928; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 109. 1974. — A. rivularis ssp. barbulata (Turcz.) Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 234. 1905. Holotype 河北: 1830-1840, P. Kirilow s. n. (LE, non vidi).

Ranunculus mollendorffii Hance in J. Bot. 17: 7. 1879. Holotype 北京:百花山,alt. 5-6 000 ft., 1875-08-19, O. Moellendoff s. n. (non vidi)。

Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore Maxim. Fl. Tangut. 6. 1889; Fl. Tsinling 1(2): 281, fig. 242. 1974; Fl. Pl. Herb.Chinae Bor. Or. 3: 158. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 24. 1980; S. Y. He, Fl. Beijing, rev. ed., 1: 243, fig. 306. 1984; J. W. Wang in Fl. Hebei 1: 463. 1986; D. Z. Ma & H. L. Liu, Fl. Ningxia 1: 191. 1986; Y. Z. Zhao in Fl. Intramongol., 2nd ed., 2: 465, pl. 188: 3-4. 1991; X. Y. Yu, B. L. Li & Y. M. Li in Fl. Shanxi. 1: 613, pl. 390.1992; J. G. Liu in Fl. Xinjiang. 2(1): 279. 1994; L. H. Zhou in Fl. Qinghai.1: 339. 1997; Wang. Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 316. 2001; X. D. Li, Y. Y. Zan & S. Huang in Fl. Shenongjia 285. 2017; J. Q. Fu in Fl. Loess.-plat. Sin. 1: 424, pl. 84: 1-4. 2000. — A. flore-minore (Maxim.) Y. Z. Zhao, Class. Distr. Vasc. Pl. Inn. Mongol. 162. 2012. Described from Kansu, Shaanxi and Hebei Provinces, no specimen cited.

A. rivularis auct. non Buch.-Ham. ex DC.: Franch. In Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ser. 2, 5: 170. 1883; X. W. Kung, Fl. Lanzhou. 251, fig. 186. 1962.

多年生草本,高(20~) 40~125 cm。基生葉5~10,具長(zhǎng)柄;葉片紙質(zhì),五角形,2~8 × 4~12 cm,基部心形,3全裂,中央全裂片寬菱形,3半裂,邊緣有小裂片和牙齒,側(cè)全裂片斜扇形或斜倒卵形,不等2深裂,兩面疏被伏毛;葉柄長(zhǎng)5~16 cm,只近頂端有疏毛?;ㄝ阃ǔ?條,無(wú)毛;聚傘花序或具1花,長(zhǎng)3~10 cm,或具3~4條分枝,同時(shí)1~2回分枝,長(zhǎng)達(dá)38 cm,具10余花;總苞苞片3,具短柄,寬菱形,長(zhǎng)(1.5) 4~7 cm,3全裂,全裂片狹披針形,邊緣具小齒,有時(shí)2~3淺裂; 花梗長(zhǎng)1.5~14 cm?;ǎ狠嗥?(~6), 白色,橢圓形或狹倒卵形,稀狹卵形,5.5~8(~9) × 2.5~4 mm,頂端圓形或鈍,內(nèi)面無(wú)毛,外面頂端和基部被短柔毛,有3條基生脈。雄蕊約20,無(wú)毛;花絲狹條形,1~3 × 0.18 mm;花藥淡黃色,長(zhǎng)圓形,1~1.2 × 0.5~0.6 mm。心皮12~32,無(wú)毛;子房狹長(zhǎng)圓形,2 × 0.5 mm;花柱長(zhǎng)約1.5 mm,鉤狀彎曲。瘦果扁,近長(zhǎng)圓形,4 × 0.6 mm,無(wú)毛;宿存花柱長(zhǎng)約2 mm,鉤狀彎曲?;ㄆ?月至9月。

分布于中國(guó)重慶、湖北西部、四川、青海東部、新疆西部、甘肅、陜西、寧夏、陜西、河北西部和北部、內(nèi)蒙古西南部。生于山地草坡、灌叢或林邊,在四川和甘肅南部海拔1 800~3 600 m,在陜西、山西一帶海拔1 200~3 000 m,在河北西部海拔500~1 600 m。

在銀蓮花屬,以及毛茛科的其他多數(shù)屬中,花均具5枚萼片,花具多于5枚萼片乃是后來(lái)發(fā)生的進(jìn)化現(xiàn)象。因此,花具5枚萼片,特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)的小花草玉梅(A. barbulata)在演化水平上要比草玉梅(A. rivularis)原始;后者的花通常具7~8枚萼片,可能是從小花草玉梅衍生出的一種植物,自中國(guó)西南部山區(qū)向西南方向分布達(dá)印度半島和斯里蘭卡島。

本種的根、根狀莖和全草可供藥用,有健胃消食、散瘀消結(jié)之效,用于肝炎、筋骨痛、牙痛等癥(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 重慶:巫溪,陳躍東2220;城口,戴天倫101091。湖北:神農(nóng)架,神農(nóng)架隊(duì)31378。四川:石棉,謝朝俊42563;小金,張秀實(shí),任有銑6033;金川,李馨75087;德格,崔友文4481;甘孜,崔友文4291;茂縣,何鑄,周子琳13196;汶川,方文培1467;阿壩,湯宗孝1391;紅原,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇2018。青海:湟中,何廷農(nóng)952;民和,劉尚武2767;大通,張志和4338。新疆:特克斯,周太炎等65-658。甘肅:文縣,白水江隊(duì)534;舟曲,王作賓7458;武山,黃河隊(duì)甘一隊(duì)2078;榆中,黃河隊(duì)3224;天祝,何業(yè)祺4504;山丹,青甘隊(duì)3326;肅南,祁連山,何業(yè)祺3572. 陜西:鳳縣,王作賓96-22;太白山,楊金祥940;佛坪,郭本兆1458;寧陜,孔憲武3010;嵐皋,巴山隊(duì)1816。寧夏:同心,于兆英1632;海源,黃河隊(duì)5577。山西:垣曲,包世英272;霍州,黃河隊(duì)846;交城,夏緯瑛1076;興縣,王作賓3061;蘆芽山,Harry Smith 8154;寧武,山西隊(duì)356;五臺(tái)山,關(guān)克儉,陳藝林1410;應(yīng)縣,段長(zhǎng)虹304。河北:武安,關(guān)克儉5772;內(nèi)丘,劉心源571;阜平,阜平隊(duì)74;淶源,劉繼孟3027;昜縣,劉繼孟255;小五臺(tái)山,黃秀蘭等5384;涿鹿,楊朝廣1554;平泉,王忠濤等140487;圍場(chǎng),承德隊(duì)202。北京:百花山,金德福514;東靈山,北京草藥隊(duì)555。內(nèi)蒙古:興和,趙一之77-11;涼城,內(nèi)大第1組 51。

2. 草玉梅 圖版2:1-5

Anemone rivularis Buch.-Ham.ex DC. Syst. 1: 211. 1817; et Prodr. 1: 21. 1824; Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 23. 1855; et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 9. 1872; Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 366. 1886; et Pl. Delav. 10. 1887; Maxim. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 11: 20. 1890; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 72. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 234.1905; Hand.-Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 176.1939, p. p. excl. syn. A. barbulata Turcz.; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 727, fig. 1453. 1972; Fl. Tsinling. 1(2): 72. 1974, p. p.; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 22. 1980; et in Fl. Xizang. 2: 78. 1985; Y. K. Li in Fl. Guizhou. 3:76, pl. 31: 7-9. 1990; W. T. Wang, Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount.1: 510. 1993; L. H. Zhou in Fl. Qinghai.1: 339. 1997; W. T. Wang in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 189. 2000; et in High. Pl. China 3: 492, fig. 785. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 316. 2001; S. H. Fu, Fl. Hubei.1: 351.2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 53(3): 149. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China. 3: 317. 2016. — A. rivularis ssp. eurivularis Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 234. 1905. Holotype Nepal: Chitong, F. Buchanan s. n. (non vidi).

A. Leveillei Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 36, Beibl. 80: 5, fig. 6-9. 1905.

A. saniculifolia Lévl. in Repert. Sp. Nov. 7: 383. 1909.

A. esquirolii Lévl. & Van. in I. c. 8: 88. 1910.

A. longipes Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 15: 192. 1954.

A. rivularis var. pilosisepala W. T. Wang in Guihaia 33(5): 585. 2013. Holotype 西藏:米林,多雄拉山,alt. 4 200 m, 2012-07-30, 楊永,劉冰等281(PE)。

2a. var. rivularis

2ai. f. rivularis

分布于中國(guó)西藏南部(海拔2 700~3 900 m)、云南(1 600~4 000 m)、廣西西部(920~2 000 m)、貴州(850~1 300 m)、湖北西部(1 400 m)、重慶、四川(1 200~3 000 m)、青海東南部(2 600~3 700 m)、甘肅西南部,以及不丹、尼泊爾、印度、斯里蘭卡。生于山地草坡、灌叢、河灘、溪邊、林邊或林下。

本種的全草可供藥用,有清熱解毒、活血舒筋、止咳祛痰之效,用于咽喉腫痛、咳嗽痰多、癗癘結(jié)核、瘧疾、牙痛、慢性肝炎等癥;有毒(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:普蘭,青藏隊(duì)8489;聶拉木,青藏隊(duì)5737;亞?wèn)|,張經(jīng)煒2486;曲水,付國(guó)勛83;工布江達(dá),覃海寧161;林芝,西藏中草藥隊(duì)3058;米林,李勃生,程樹志5583;波密,應(yīng)俊生,洪德元65-25;江達(dá),青藏隊(duì)11940。云南:德欽,俞德浚8347;中甸,俞德浚11815;維西,王啟無(wú)64064;麗江,俞德浚15038;劍川,秦仁昌23065;蘭坪,蔡希陶53783;洱源,湯宗孝291;大理,王啟無(wú)63119;鎮(zhèn)康,俞德浚17215;景東,周仕順1452;昆明,鐘觀光2025;東川,藍(lán)順彬99;昭通,蔡希陶50870;巧家,孫必興918;建水,蔡希陶57137;文山,蔡希陶51742。廣西:那坡,中植聯(lián)廣西隊(duì)1674。貴州:興義,貴州隊(duì)6970;安龍,張志松,張永田5120;貴陽(yáng),安明態(tài)5086;雷山,簡(jiǎn)卓坡等50792;遵義,A. N. Steward, 焦啟源48。湖北:神農(nóng)架,236-6隊(duì)2513。重慶:南川:金佛山,李國(guó)鳳62667;巫山,楊光輝59001;巫溪,楊光輝58848;城口,戴天倫101177。四川:攀枝花,楊永等209;普格,管中天8076;西昌,趙良能2188;鹽源,姜恕5907;木里,俞德浚5790;稻城,四川植物隊(duì)1414;得榮,青藏隊(duì)1716;巴塘,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇2315;雅江,應(yīng)俊生3043;九龍,應(yīng)俊生3908;雷波,俞德浚3863;屏山,俞德浚3366;漢源,劉振書498;大祥嶺,Harry Smith 10205;石棉,謝朝俊41495;天全,胡文光,何鑄10156;瀘定,張永田,郎楷永27;康定,關(guān)克儉,王文采512;寶興,俞德浚2294;小金,經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-195;丹八,D. E. Boufford等37950;甘孜,胡文光13019;德格,崔友文4494;金川,李馨77285;馬爾康,李馨70594;黑水,經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-1394;若爾蓋,四川植物隊(duì)10246;汶川,汪發(fā)瓚21098;松潘,經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-1612;平武,魯麗敏342;茂縣,何鑄,周子林12651。青海:囊謙,藏藥隊(duì)1184;玉樹,?214;興海,何廷農(nóng)148;西寧,鐘補(bǔ)求8142;門源,青藏隊(duì)2547。甘肅:天祝,?556。

2aii. 黃花草玉梅 (變型)

f.lutea Ulbr. ex Hand.-Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 176. 1939. Type 四川:松潘,alt.3 000~3 100 m, Harry Smith 2218 (holotype), 2659 (paratype)(non vidi)。

本變型的萼片黃色,而與具白色萼片的模式變型不同。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川松潘。生于海拔3 000~3 100 m山區(qū)。

2b. 大理草玉梅 (變種)

var. daliensis X. D. Dong & L. Yang in Bull. Bot. Res. Harbin 20(3): 248. 2000. Type云南:大理,alt. 2 900 m, 1998-05-20, 楊林980011 (holotype, non vidi), 980010 (paratype, non vidi.)。

本變種的花具14~20枚淡紅色萼片,而與模式變種不同。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南大理。生于海拔2 900 m一帶山地。

3. 九龍銀蓮花 圖版3

Anemone jiulongensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Type 四川(Sichuan):九龍縣,納布廠,磨子溝 (Jiulong Xian, Nabuchang, Mezi Valley), alt. 3 817 m,山坡,花白色(on slope, fls. white),2018-07-20,張樹仁,楊杰,張薇 (S. R. Zhang, J. Yang & W. Zhang) GGS 10336 (holotype and isotype)。

Perennial herbs 16-25 cm tall. Basal leaves5-6, long petiolate; blades papery., ovate 1.4-3.4 × 1.8-3.6 cm, at base shallowly cordate or subtruncate, 3-sect, central segenent rhombic,3-lobed, with lobes 2-3-lobulate, lateral segments smaller, flabellate-rhombic, unequally 3-lobulate, with lobules 2-3-dentate or 2-3-denticulate, adaxially appressed-puberulous, abaxially on prominent nerves with short hairs; petioles 3-9 cm long. Scapes 5-6, 9-15 cm long, sparsely puberulous; cymes terminal, 1-flowered; involuctral bracts 3, lanceolate, 1 cm long, entire, undivided, rarely 2-parted; pedicels (0.8-) 2.5-11 cm long, appressed-puberulous. Flower: Sepals 5, white, obovate or broad-oblanceolate, 8-10 ×4-6 mm, apex rounded. Stamens ca. 30, white, glabrous; filaments linear ca. 2.6 × 0.4 mm,1-nerved; anthers elliptic, ca. 1 × 0.4 mm; carpels ca. 3.6 mm long, ovaries ca. 2 mm long, densely villous, styles ca. 1.6 mm long, glabrous, apex recurved.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川九龍。生于山坡上,海拔3 817 m。

4. 細(xì)裂銀蓮花 ??圖版2: 9-13

Anemone filisecta C. Y. Wu & W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 165. 1974; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 24, pl. 9: 9-13. 1980; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 189. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 316. 2001; Ziman et al in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 149. 2008. —Anemonidium filisectum (C. Y. Wu & W. T. Wang) Starod. in Vetren itsy Sist. Evo. 1. 119.

1991. Holotype 云南:景洪,alt. 750 m,河岸, 1936-11,王啟無(wú)80898 (PE).

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南景洪。生于山地河岸,海拔750 m。

組2. 西南銀蓮花組

Sect. Anemonanthea DC. Syst. 1: 196.1817; et Prodr. 1: 18. 1824; Prantl in Bot. Jahrb. 9: 247. 1887; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 191. 1905; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 8. 1980; Tamura in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei Aufl. 17aIV: 338. 1995; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 46. 2004, et 83(3): 144. 2008. Lectotype: A. nemorosa L.

Sect. Sylvia Gaudin, Fl. Helvet. 3: 490. 1828.

Anemonoides sect. Umbrosa Starod. in Bot. Zhurn. 74: 1346. 1989. Type: A. umbrosa (C. A. Mey.) Holub.

Sect.Rosulantes Ziman & Kadota in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 48 et (3): 203. 2004. Type: A. stolonifera Maxim.

基生葉1~5,稀不存在,通常為單葉,3全裂,稀為三出復(fù)葉。聚傘花序有1~3 (~4)花;總苞苞片具柄,3全裂或?yàn)槿鰪?fù)葉。萼片5~15。雄蕊花絲絲形;花粉具3溝,稀具散溝(A. griffithii)。心皮無(wú)柄,花柱比子房稍短,柱頭常明顯。瘦果通常不扁。染色體基數(shù)x=8。

約有32種,廣布于北溫帶地區(qū)。中國(guó)有14種,多數(shù)分布于西南地區(qū),數(shù)種分布于東北,在陜西一帶只有2種。

系1. 西南銀蓮花系

Ser.Hylalectron (Irmisch) Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 193, 213. 1905; Tamura in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV: 338. 1995. —Sect. Hylalectron Irmisch in Bot. Zeit. 14: 19. 1856. — Ser. Anemonanthea. Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 47. 2004. Type: A. nemorosa L.

Anemonoides sect. Anemonoides subsect. Altaicae Starod. in Bot. Zhurn. 74: 1346. 1989. —Ser. Altaicae (Starod.) Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 47, 65. 2004. Type: A. altaica (C. A. Mey.) Holub.

Ser. Rosulantes. Ziman et al. in I. c. 48.

Ser. Exiguae Ziman et al. in I. c. (1): 48 et (5): 281. Type: A. exigua Maxim.

萼片5~15,水平開展,白色,有時(shí)藍(lán)色或粉紅色。雄蕊花絲絲形。

約30種。同組分布。中國(guó)有13種。

5. 西南銀蓮花 圖版4:1-3

Anemone davidii Franch. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ser. 2, 8: 185. 1886; Pl. David. 2: 3. 1888; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 233. 1905; Hand.-Mazz. in Acta. Hort. Gotob. 13: 175. 1939; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 724, fig. 1447. 1972; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 109. 1974; et in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 8, pl. 1: 1-3. 1980; Y. K. Li in Fl. Guizhou. 3: 78, 1990; W. T. Wang in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 185. 2000; et in High. Pl. China 3: 488, fig. 777. 2000; K. M. Liu, Fl. Hunan 2: 658. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 513. 2001; S. X. Fu, Fl. Hupeh. 1: 349. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(3): 204. 2004, et 83(3): 146. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. Pl. 3: 304. 2016. — A. stolonifera Maxim. var. davidii (Franch.) Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 72. 1904. —Anemonoides davidii (Franch.) Starrod, Ventrenysty 123. 1991. Holotype 四川:寶興,1869-04, A. David s. n. (P, non vidi; photo, PE)。

A. petiolulata Pei in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China. Bot. ser. 9: 2, fig. 1. 1933. Holotype四川:南川,1930-05-27, H. F. Chang 273 (NAS).

分布于中國(guó)西藏東南部(海拔2 300 m)、云南(1 400~3 500 m)、四川(1 000~3 000 m)、重慶、貴州(600~2 500 m)和湖北西部(650~2 000 m)。生于山坡草地、灌叢或林中。

本種的根狀莖可供藥用,有活血止痛,祛瘀消腫之效,用于跌打損傷、風(fēng)濕疼痛、腰肌勞損等癥(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:墨脫縣,青藏隊(duì)3976。云南:中甸,俞德浚11193;維西,王啟無(wú)64619;怒江,瀾滄江分水嶺,G. Forrest 26368;大理,王漢臣4036;彝良,董洪進(jìn)176;墨江,費(fèi)德羅夫等147。四川:金陽(yáng),經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-3059;筠連,經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-129;馬邊,汪發(fā)瓚22973;峨邊,俞德浚831;石棉,謝朝俊40308;峨眉山,杜大華234;榮經(jīng),傅德志84-285;天全,曲桂嶺2437;都江堰,汪發(fā)瓚20843;安縣,朱大海3731。重慶:南川,金佛山,李國(guó)鳳60947;酉陽(yáng),西師生物系2461;武隆,昜思榮154;奉節(jié),三峽隊(duì)2841;城口,戴天倫105133。貴州:凱里,黔南隊(duì)1221;江口,武陵山隊(duì)1329;梵凈山,黔北隊(duì)1014。湖南:新寧,羅仲春1854;桑植,劉林翰910。湖北:興山,蔣祖德,陶光復(fù)210;神農(nóng)架,神農(nóng)架隊(duì)20816;竹溪,甘啟良2775。

6. 糙葉銀蓮花 圖版4: 4

Anmone scabriuscula W. W. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 160. 1974; in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 10, pl. 1: 4. 1980; et in Fl. Yunnan 11: 187, pl. 54: 4. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 314. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 283. 2004, et 83(3): 146. 2008. Holotype 云南:麗江,巨甸,新竹,alt. 2 900 m, 1958-09-11,王文采3123(PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南、麗江、巨甸。生于山地疏林下,海拔2 900 m。

7. 柏枝山銀蓮花 圖版5: 1-3

Anemone baizhishanica W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Holotype 重慶市:南川、柏枝山、三河壩(Chongqing: Nanchuan, Baizhi Shan, Sanheba),alt. 1 950 m,灌叢中,花白色(in bushes, fls. white),1986-05-09,金佛山考察隊(duì)(Jinfo Shan Exped.)0147(PE)。

Perennial herb ca. 16 cm tall. Basal leaves ca. 2, long petiolate; blades papery, cordate-pentagonal, ca. 2 × 4.5 cm, 3-sect, central segment broadly rhombic, shortly petiolulate (petiolule ca. 1.5 mm long), ca. 2 cm broad, 3-parted slightly exceeding the middle of segment, central lobe rhombic, 3-lobed, with lobules 3-5-denticulate, lateral lobes obliquely ovate, on upper margin few-denticulate, lateral segments sessile, obliquely flabellate, unequely 2-parted, with the upper lobes similar to the central segment, lower lobes much smaller; surfaces adaxially and abaxially sparsely appressed-puberulous; petioles ca. 6.5 cm long, only near apex puberulous.

Scape singular, ca. 9.5 cm long, only near apex puberulous; monochasium ca. 7 cm long; involucral bracts 3, petiolate (petioles 1.7 cm long), with blades 3-sect, mostly similar to those of basal leaves in size and shape; pedicels 2-7 cm long, densely appressed-puberulous. Flower: Sepals 5, white, obovate, 18-19 × 11-12 mm,9-nerved, glabrous, at apex rounded. Stamens ca. 40, glabrous; filaments filiform, 3-3.5 mm long; anthers broad-oblong, 1 × 0.6-0.8 mm, apex obtuse. Gynoecium broad-conic, ca. 4 × 4.8 mm, consisting of ca. 70 glabrous carpels; ovaries narrow-ovoid, 0.6-0.8 × 0.3-0.5 mm; styles 0.3-0.5 mm long, adaxially with stigmatic tissue.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)重慶市南川區(qū)柏枝山。生于山地灌叢中,海拔1 950 m。

8. 匐枝銀蓮花 圖版9: 4-5

Anemone stolonifera Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.-Petersb. 22: 225. 1876; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor.-Or. 3: 154, pl. 65: 6-7. 1975; Liu & Hsieh in Fl. Taiwan 2: 480. 1976; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 10. 1980; Tamura & Shmizu in Satake et al. Wild Flow. Japan 2: 69. 1982; Yang & Huang in Fl. Taiwan, 2nd ed., 2: 511, pl. 237. 1996; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 512. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(3): 203. 2004, et 83(3): 146. 2008. — Anemonoides stolonifera (Maxim.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. Praha 8: 156. 1973. Holotype 日本:Nambu, 1865, Tchonosky s. n. (LE, non vidi).

A. siuzevi Kom. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 22: 262. 1903.

分布于中國(guó)黑龍江、臺(tái)灣,以及朝鮮、日本。生于山地闊葉林下。

標(biāo)本登錄 黑龍江:黑河,?68;尚志,王光正s. n.(IFP);臺(tái)灣:臺(tái)中,楊宗愈等5646。

9. 小銀蓮花 圖版4: 5-8

Anemone exigua Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.-Petersb. 23: 306. 1877; et Fl. Tangut. 9, t.2: 7-15. 1889; Forbes & Hemsl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 11. 1886; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 65. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 233. 1905; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 314. 1931; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 724, fig. 1448. 1972; Fl. Tsingling. 1(2): 278, fig. 239. 1974; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 11, pl. 1: 5-8. 1980; B. Z. Ding et al. Fl. Henan. 1: 478. 1981; D. Z. Ma & H. L. Liu, Fl. Ningxia 1: 191. 1986; X. Y. Yu, B. L. Li & Y. M. Li in Fl. Shanxi. 1: 611. 1992; L. H. Zhou in Fl. Qinghai. 1: 338, pl. 74: 5-8. 1997; W. T. Wang in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 187. 2000; et in High. Pl. China 3: 489, fig. 778. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 313. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 281. 2004, p. p. excl syn. A. exigua var. shanxiensis B. L. Li & X. Y. Yu, et 83(3): 146. 2008. —Anemonoides exigua (Maxim.) Starod, Vetrenytsy 123. 1991. Type 甘肅:大通河,1873-05, N. M. Przewalski s. n. (holotype, LE; isotype, PE)。

A. takasagomontana Masamune in Not. Syst. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 6: 37. 1937. (fide Ziman et al., 2004)

9a. var. exigua

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部(麗江,海拔3 500 m)、四川西部(2 550~3 600 m)、青海東部、甘肅南部(1 600~3 500 m)、陜西南部(太白山,2 300~2 700 m)、山西中部(靈石,2 100 m)和臺(tái)灣。

Ziman et al. (2004)將Anemone takasagomontana Masamune歸并于A. exigua Maxim.,于是形成本種在中國(guó)西部與臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的一間斷分布現(xiàn)象。在中國(guó)銀蓮花屬中,水棉花(A. hupehensis f. alba)的分布區(qū)也有與小銀蓮花相似的間斷分布的情況。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:康定,折多塘,T. Naito,郎楷永等523;金川,李譜雄10536;馬爾康,吳中倫32528;理縣,?872;茂縣,何鑄,周子林12663;九寨溝,韓裕豐等82-415;大邑,朱大海等20070689。青海:大通,劉繼孟6534。甘肅:文縣,白水江隊(duì)445,5376;成縣,王慶瑞11528;舟曲,王作賓14337;瑪曲,白龍江隊(duì)1602;迭部,白龍江隊(duì)1834;卓尼,1885年,3—6月,G. N. Potanin s. n.; 洮河,1886年5—6月,G. N. Potanin s. n. 陜西:太白山,劉慎諤,鐘補(bǔ)求2647。山西:靈石,唐進(jìn)934。

9b. 山西銀蓮花 (變種)

var. shanxiensis B. L. Li & X. Y. Yu in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 27: 152. 1989, et in Fl. Shanxi. 1: 613, pl. 388. 1992; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 313. 2001. Type 山西:靈石,太岳山,馬和鄉(xiāng),紅巖底村,alt. 2 100 m, 1987-05-28,余湘云87216(holotype, SXY),87215 (paratype, PE);同地,1987-05-28,李臘紅87213(paratype, PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)山西靈石。生于山地樺樹林下,海拔2 100 m。

10.? 烏德銀蓮花 圖版6:13-15

Anemone udensis Trautv. & C. A. Mey. Fl. Ochot. 6, t. 26. 1847; Maxim. Prim. Fl. Amur. 17. 1859; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 63. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 221. 1905; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 250, pl. 15: 5a, b. 1937; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 214. 1939; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor.-Or. 152. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 14, pl. 2: 13-15. 1980; S. H. Li, Fl. Liaonig 1: 511, pl. 210: 3-4. 1988; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 314. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 59. 2004, et 83(3): 144. 2008; Y. Zhou, Colour. Ill. Pl. Wet Area. NE China 345. 2019. — Anemonoides udensis (Trautv. & C. A. Mey.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 166. 1973. Holotype 俄羅斯(俄國(guó)):Khabarovski Reg., Udshoe, Siberi orient., 1844-06-18, Middendorf s. n. (LE, non vidi).

分布于中國(guó)黑龍江東部以及俄羅斯遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)。生于山地林邊或灌叢中。

標(biāo)本登錄 黑龍江:伊春,吳征鎰134;牡丹江,J. Sato 7787。

11. 陰地銀蓮花 圖版6:10-12

Anemone umbrosa C. A. Mey. in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 2: 361. 1830; Kom. Fl. Mansh. 2: 263. 1903; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 227. 1905; Kom & Alis. Key Pl. Far East. Reg. USSR 1: 541. 1931; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 248. 1937; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 214. 1939; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor.-Or. 152. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 14, pl. 2: 10-12. 1980; S. H. Li, Fl. Liaoning 1: 511, pl. 210: 3-4. 1988; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 315. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 62. 2004, et 83(3): 144. 2008; Y. Zhou, Colour Ill. Pl. Wet Area. NE China 343. 2019. —Anemonoides umbrosa (C. A. Mey.) Holud in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 166. 1973. Holotype 俄羅斯(俄國(guó)):“In sylvis umbrosissimis ad rivulum Grammatucha prope Riddersk Sibiriae altaicae”,Ledebour 795 (LE, non vidi).

分布于中國(guó)遼寧和吉林東部,以及朝鮮北部、俄羅斯西伯利亞地區(qū)。生于低山草地或林下,海拔200~600 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 遼寧:草河口,趙大昌等601;丹東,雞冠山,J. Sato 93;千山,劉慎諤等605。吉林:敦化,黃泥河,孔憲武1444,1507。

12.? 狹萼銀蓮花 ?圖版7:1-4

Anemone stenosepala W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Holotype 云南 (Yunnan):中甸,近仙人洞 (Zhongdian, near Xianrendong), alt. 3 400 m,溝邊濕地,花白色 (in wet place by stream, fls. white),1998-08-24,楊親二,孔宏智 (Q. E. Yang & H. Z. Kong) 98-110 (PE)。

Very small perennial herbs, 2.5-10 cm tall. Rhizome oblique or horizontal, 6-9 mm long, ca. 2.5 mm across, putting forth a filiform stolon ca. 0.5 mm in diam. Basal leaves 2-3, long petiolate; blades cordate-pentagonal, 0.8-1.4 × 1.1-2 cm, 3-sect, central segment broadly rhombic, 0.6-1 cm broad, 3-lobed or 3-cleft, lobes 2-3-dentate, lateral segments slightly larger than central segment, also broadly rhombic, but oblique, unequally 2-cleft or 2-lobed; surfaces adaxially and abaxially appressed-pubescent; petioles 1-3.2 cm long, subglabrous. Scapes solitary, 1-7.5 cm long, above pubescent; cymes 1-flowered; involucral bracts 3, unequal in size and shape, petiolate, broadly triangular, rhombic or obliquely narrow-ovate, 4-5 × 2.5-5 mm,3-parted or unequally 2-lobed, lobes 1-2-dentate or entire, with petioles 2-3 mm long; pedicel 0.8-2 cm long, appressed-pubescent. Flower: Sepals 6, white, oblong, 4-4.5 × 1-1.5 mm,at apex slightly obtuse, 3-nerved, adaxially glabrous, abaxially with sparse short hairs. Stamens ca. 9, glabrous; filaments filiform, 0.3-1.5 mm long; anthers suborbicular, 0.5 × 0.7 mm, apex obtuse. Carpels 6-10, ca. 0.8 mm long, glabrous; ovaries long elliptic, 0.5 × 0.2 mm; styles 0.3 mm long. Achenes narrow-ovoid, 1-1.8 × 0.3-0.5 mm, densely pubescent; persistent styles straight or slightly recurved or nearly hooked, glabrous.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南香格里拉縣仙人洞。生于溪邊濕地,海拔3 400 m。

本種最小的植株只高2.5 cm?;O小,6枚白色長(zhǎng)圓形萼片極小,長(zhǎng)4~4.5 mm,寬1~1.5 mm,是中國(guó)銀蓮花屬中最小的花。

13. 黑水銀蓮花 圖版6: 7-9

Anemone amurensis(Korsh.) Kom. in Acta. Hort. Petrop. 22: 262. 1903; Kom. & Alis. Key Pl. Far East. Reg. USSR 1: 541. 1931; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 247. 1937; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 212. 1939; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor.-Or. 150. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 15, pl. 2: 7-9. 1980; S. H. Li, Fl. Liaoning 1: 511, pl. 210: 1-2. 1988; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China 3: 490, fig. 781. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 314. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 55. 2004, et 83(3): 144. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 310. 2016; Y. Zhou, Colour. Ill. Pl. Wet Area. NE China 340. 2019. — A. nemorosa L. ssp. amurensis Korsh. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 12: 292. 1892; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 225. 1905. — Anemonoides amurensis (Korsh.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 105. 1973.

分布于中國(guó)遼寧、吉林東部和黑龍江東部,以及朝鮮、俄羅斯遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)。生于山地灌叢中或林下,海拔552~810 m。

本種的全草可供藥用,有發(fā)汗、強(qiáng)肝補(bǔ)腎之效,用于麻痹、胃痛、痛風(fēng)、百日咳等癥(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 遼寧:桓仁,陳法東,胡清如87-05。吉林:敦化,傅德志83-09;長(zhǎng)白山,方振富1331, 1351。黑龍江:小興安嶺,宋朝樞36。

14. 阿爾泰銀蓮花 圖版6: 4-6

Anemone altaica Fisch. ex C. A. Mey. in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 2: 362. 1830; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 64. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 222. 1905; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 248. 1937; Fl. Tsiling. 1(2): 279, fig. 240. 1974; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 12, pl. 2: 4-6. 1980; B. Z. Ding et al. Fl. Henan. 1: 76. 1981; X. Y. Yu, B. L. Li & Y. M. Li in Fl. Shanxi. 1: 613, pl. 389. 1992; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China 3: 489, fig. 779. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 316. 2001; Ziman et al. J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 65. 2004, et 83(3): 145. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 306. 2016. — A. nemorosa L. ssp. altaica (Fisch. ex C. A. Mey.) Korsh. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 12: 29. 1892. — Anemonoides altaica (Fisch. ex C. A. Mey.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 166. 1973. Holoetype 俄羅斯(俄國(guó)):“in montibus altaicis”, Schangin s. n. (LE, non vidi).

分布于中國(guó)陜西南部、河南西部、山西南部和新疆,廣布于亞洲北部和歐洲東部。生于山地灌叢、溝邊或林下,海拔1 200~2 000 m。

本種的根狀莖可供藥用,有化痰開竅,安神、祛風(fēng)化濕等效,用于熱痛神昏、癲癇、氣悶耳聾、胸悶腹脹等癥(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 陜西:太白山,王作賓6399,傅坤俊2849;華陰,西安藥檢所生藥室s. n.;華山,夏緯瑛,王振華105。河南:盧氏,朱長(zhǎng)山2009;陜縣,1959-05,?0629。山西:永濟(jì),劉天慰65;運(yùn)城,黃河隊(duì)423;垣曲,劉心源20066;陽(yáng)城,包士英,嚴(yán)生俊171;翼城,黃河隊(duì)23。新疆:尼勒克,1977-04-26,?517。

15. 多被銀蓮花 圖版6:1-3

Anemone raddeana Regel in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 34: 16. 1861; Forbes & Hemsl in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 12. 1886; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 67. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 220. 1905; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 249. 1937; Kitag, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 213. 1939; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor.-Or. 152. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin 28: 12, pl. 2: 1-3. 1980; S. H. Li, Fl. Liaoning. 1: 509. 1988; Y. J. Zheng in Fl. Shandong 1: 35, fig. 27. 1997; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China 3: 490, fig. 780. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 315. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 68. 2004, p. p. excl. syn. A. raddeana var. lacerata Y. L. Xu, et 83 (3): 145. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 308. 2016; Y. Zhou, Colour. Ill. Pl. Wet Area. NE China 336. 2019. — Anemonoides raddeana (Regel) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax 8: 166. 1973. Holotype: Mandshuria ad fl. Amur montes Burejae, 1858-04, G. Radde s. n. (LE, non vidi).

15a. var. raddeana

分布于中國(guó)山東東部、遼寧、吉林和黑龍江,以及俄羅斯遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)、朝鮮和日本。生于山地林邊、林下,多石山坡或河灘上,海拔約800 m。

本種的根狀莖可供藥用,有祛風(fēng)濕、消癰腫之效,用于風(fēng)寒濕痹、四肢拘攣、風(fēng)濕腰腿痛、關(guān)節(jié)疼痛、風(fēng)寒或感冒等癥(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 山東: 昆崳山,山東野生植物普查隊(duì)0578。遼寧:寬甸,李冀云等1189;草河口,J. Sato 94。吉林:敦化,傅德志83-03;長(zhǎng)白山,alt. 810 m,方振富1399;浩良河,丁托婭83-176。黑龍江:尚志,帽兒山,林大96級(jí)實(shí)習(xí)隊(duì)96-02。

15b. 龍王山銀蓮花 (變種)

var. lacerata Y. L. Xu in Bull. Bot. Res. Harbin 13(2): 121. 1993; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 315. 2001. Holotype 浙江、安吉、龍王山,alt. 950 m,闊葉林下,1991-04-04,徐耀良0879 (non vidi)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)浙江安吉龍王山。生于山地闊葉林下,海拔950 m。

16.? 三出銀蓮花 圖版8:1-4;16: 9-11

Anemone griffithii? Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 21. 1855; et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 8. 1872; Bruhl. in Ann. Bot. Gard. Culc. 5: 75, t. 105A. 1896; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 71. 1904; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 11, pl. 11: 9-11. 1980; et in Fl. Xizang. 2: 78. 1985; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 313. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 282. 2004, et 83(3): 146. 2008. — Anemonoides griffithii (Hook. f. & Thoms.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 272. 1973. Holotype Bhutan: near Chuka, alt. 6000 ft. and Mishimi Hills, 1838, W. Griffith 1420 (K, non vidi).

A. nanchuanensis W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 161, pl. 8: 1. 1974. Holotype 重慶:南川,小河鄉(xiāng),alt. 1 650 m, 1957-05-08,熊濟(jì)華,周子林90728 (PE)。

分布于中國(guó)西藏南部(海拔2 500~3 000 m)、四川中部(1 800~2 400 m)和重慶南部(1 800~1 950 m),以及不丹、尼泊爾和印度北部。生于山地林下、山坡草地或陡崖上。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:聶拉木,樟木,張永田,郎楷永3412,3514;亞?wèn)|,青藏補(bǔ)點(diǎn)隊(duì)75-99。四川:都江堰,陳道純30031;彭縣,馮正波,朱大海2007-429;石棉,張樹仁等2785。重慶:南川,金佛山,劉正宇5181,金佛山隊(duì)149,182。

17. 粗柱銀蓮花

Anemone robustostylosa Miao in Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyats. 32(4): 56. 1993. Holotype 廣西:樂(lè)業(yè),雅長(zhǎng)林場(chǎng),alt. 950 m,路邊,花紫色帶紅,1989-08-30,鐘業(yè)聰890811 (SYS; photo, PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)廣西樂(lè)業(yè)縣雅長(zhǎng)鄉(xiāng)。生于低山路邊,海拔950 m。

系2.? 反萼銀蓮花系

Ser. Reflexae Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 194, 228. 1905; Tamura in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzentam., Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV: 339. 1995; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 47. 2004. — Subsect. Reflexa (Ulbr.) Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 250. 1937. —Anemonoides subsect. Reflexae (Ulbr.) Starod. Syst. & Evol. 123. 1991. Type: A. reflexa Steph.

聚傘花序有1花。萼片5(~7),反折,綠白色,條形。雄蕊花絲狹條形。心皮子房密被柔毛。

1種,分布于中國(guó)陜西(眉縣、太白山、藍(lán)田)、河南西部(嵩縣)和吉林東部,以及朝鮮北部、俄羅斯遠(yuǎn)東和西伯利亞地區(qū)、蒙古和歐洲東部。

18. 反萼銀蓮花 圖版6:16-18

Anemone reflexa? Steph. ex Willd. Sp. Pl. 2: 1282. 1797; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 61. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 228. 1905; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 250, t. 15: 6. 1937; Fl. Tsinling. 1(2): 280. 1974; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 109. 1974; Fl. Pl. Herb. Bor.-Or. 158. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 15, pl. 2: 16-18. 1980; in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 29(5): 162. 1991; et in High. Pl. China 3: 491, fig. 782. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 315. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(3): 197. 2004, et 83(3): 145, 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 312. 2016. — Anemonoides reflexa (Steph. ex Willd.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 66. 1973. Lectotype 俄羅斯(俄國(guó)):“In Sibiriae regionibus Baicalensibus, Irkutsk”,Staphan & Laxmann s. n. (LE; Ziman et al., 2004)

同系分布。生于山谷灌叢中或河邊濕地,在太白山分布于海拔1 200~1 400 m一帶山地。

標(biāo)本登錄 陜西:眉縣,Zhu, Chen, Xu & Wang 2366; 太白山,王作賓6492,傅坤俊2849,楊金祥35。吉林:長(zhǎng)白山,敖志文4108;集安,吉金祥633。

組3.? 鈍裂銀蓮花組

Sect. Himalayicae (Ulbr.) Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 256. 1937; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 34. 1980; Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 43: 179. 1991; et in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV: 335. 1995; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 51. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 138. 2008. — Sect. Pulsatilloides subsect. Brevistylae Ulbr. ser. Himalayicae Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 201. 1905. —Sect. Omalocarpus subsect. Himalayicae (Ulbr.) Tamura in Sci. Reip. Osaka Univ. 16(2): 27. 1967. — Pulsatilloides sect. Himalayica Starod. Syst. & Evol. 124. 1991. — Anamonastrum Holub sect. Anemonastrum subsect. Himalayicae (Ulbr.) Mosyaki in Photoneuron 55: 6. 2018. Lectotype: A. obtusiloba D. Don (Tamura, 1995)

根狀莖垂直?;~多為單葉,稀為三出復(fù)葉或羽狀復(fù)葉;單葉葉片3全裂、深裂、淺裂或不分裂。聚傘花序多有1~2花;總苞苞片3,無(wú)柄。萼片5~8,白色,藍(lán)色或黃色。雄蕊花絲條形;花粉具3溝。心皮子房密被柔毛,稀無(wú)毛,花柱稍短于子房,直,柱頭不明顯,稀明顯。染色體基數(shù)x=7。

約21種,分布于中國(guó)西部、北部和喜馬拉雅山區(qū),以及阿富汗和吉爾吉斯坦。

系1.? 鈍裂銀蓮花系

Ser. Obtusilobae Ziman, Ehrendorfer & Bulakh in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 56. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 147. 2008. Type: A. obtusiloba D. Don.

基生葉具長(zhǎng)柄,葉片心狀五角形,3全裂,稀3深裂,稀卵形,不分裂,基部圓形。瘦果不扁或稍扁,無(wú)肋。

約14種。

19. 鈍裂銀蓮花 圖版9:1-3;12:11

Anemone obtusiloba D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nep. 194. 1825; Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 22. 1855; et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 8. 1872; Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 365. 1886; Finet & Gagnep in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 62. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 241. 1905; Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 23: 181. 1960; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28:36. 1980; in Fl. Xizang. 2: 80, fig. 23:3. 1985; et in Fl. Yunnan 11: 193. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutlon in Fl. China 6: 326. 2001; Ziman et al. In Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 59, fig. 1. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 147. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 328. 2016. — A.obtusiloba ssp. obtusiloba Bruhl in Ann. Bot. Gard. Culc. 5: 78. 1896. — A. obtusiloba ssp. genuina Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 242. 1905. — Anemonastrum obtusilobum (D. Don) Mosyokin in Photoneuron 55: 7. 2018. Lectotype Nepal: Gosainqsthan, Wallich s. n. (Ziman & Mosunkin, 2007). .

A. obtusiloba var. chrysantha Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 242. 1906. Holotype 西藏:Kandang, Hans s. n. (non vidi)。

A. obtusiloba var. villosa Marq. & Shaw in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 48(321): 154. 1929. Holotype 西藏: Nyima La, alt. 3 960~4 270 m,杜鵑花灌叢,1924-06-22, F. Kingdon Ward 5821 (non vidi)。

19a. ssp. obtusiloba

19ai. var. obtusiloba

分布于中國(guó)西藏南部、云南西北部、四川西部、甘肅南部和新疆西部,以及尼泊爾、印度北部、巴基斯坦和中亞。生于高山草地或林下,海拔2 900~4 800 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:吉隆,綜考會(huì)隊(duì)75-336;聶拉木,張永田,郎楷永3512;米林,西藏中草藥隊(duì)4029;昌都,青藏隊(duì)1263。云南:中甸,1981-06-21,?67。四川:木里,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇8;康定,折多山,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇1063;二郎山,蔣興麐s. n.;寶興,C. S. Chang, H. Kim 等S10968;小金,覃海寧17013;道孚,林學(xué)系隊(duì)01;金川,李馨77467;茂縣,何鑄,周子林30231;刷經(jīng)寺,四川植物隊(duì)9046。

19aii. 光房銀蓮花 (變種) 圖1

var. leiovaria J. Q. Fu in Fl. Loess-plat. Sin. 1: 426, 611, pl. 84: 5. 2000. Type 青海:共和縣,椏稍溝,alt. 3 560 m, 1963-06-30,張振萬(wàn)1913 (holotype, WUK, non vidi)。山西:五臺(tái)山,龍泉寺,alt. 3 000 m, 1983-07-07,黃土高原植物考察隊(duì)1413,1483 (paratypes, WUK, non vidi)。

本變種的植株低矮,總苞苞片長(zhǎng)圓形,不分裂,子房無(wú)毛,而與模式變種不同。

分布于中國(guó)青海東部和山西五臺(tái)山。生于海拔3 000~3 560 m山地一帶。

19b. 長(zhǎng)柄鈍裂銀蓮花 (亞種)

ssp. dolichopoda W. T. Wang, ssp. nov. Type 西藏 (Xizang):吉隆縣,倫當(dāng)(?)(Jilong Xian, Lundang ?) alt. 3 500 m, 山坡,花白色 (on slope, fls. white), 1975-07-16,青藏隊(duì)草原組(Prairie Group, Qinghai-Xizang Exped.) 6953 (holotype, PE);吉隆縣至邦興(on the way from Jilong to Bangxing), alt. 2 800 m,花紫色(fls. purple), 1975-07-13,西藏隊(duì)植被組(Vegetation Group, Xizang Exped.) 5233 (PE).

A. ssp. obtusiloba differt plantis 36-60 cm altis, petiolis usque ad 29 cm longis, sepalis albis vel prupureis.Basal leaves ca. 2; blades cordate-pentagonal, up to 3.8 × 5 cm, 3-sect, adaxially glabrous, abaxially appressed-pubescent. Scapes 2-4, 26-50 cm long, sparsely pubescent; cymes 1-2-flowered; involucral bracts 3, sessile broad-rhombic, ca. 2 × 2 cm, 3-parted to near base; pedicels 4-10 cm long, with sparse hairs. Sepals white or purple, obovate, ca. 12 × 7 mm. Stamens 4-5 mm long, glabrous; filaments linear. Carpels 14-20; ovaries ellipsoid, 1.8-3 mm long, densely pubescent; styles 1-1.2 mm long, glabrous; stigmas inconspicuous.

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)西藏吉隆。生于海拔2 800 m山地一帶。

19c. 光葉銀蓮花 (亞種) 圖版12: 8

ssp.leiophylla W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 36, 350. 1980; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6:326. 2001. — A. obtusiloba var. leiophylla (W. T. Wang) Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 64. 2007. Holotype 云南:貢山,alt.3 000 m,草甸,1937-07-12,俞德浚22076(PE)。

分布于中國(guó)云南貢山和西藏墨脫。生于山地草坡、灌叢中、林邊或溝邊。海拔3 000~3 600 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:貢山,昆明植物所隊(duì)9033,10025,青藏隊(duì)8478,8484。西藏:墨脫,自那格至多雄拉,青藏隊(duì)8362。

19d. 鎮(zhèn)康銀蓮花(亞種) 圖版12: 7

ssp.megaphylla W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 36, 350. 1980; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 326. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 65. 2007. Holotype 云南:鎮(zhèn)康,雪山草坡,alt. 3 400 m,1938-07-24,俞德浚16956(PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南鎮(zhèn)康。生于山地草坡,海拔3 400 m。

20. 瀘定銀蓮花 圖版10: 1-3

Anemone ludingensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Holotype 四川 (Sichuan):瀘定縣,海螺溝,4號(hào)營(yíng)地 (Luding Xian, Hailuogou, Camp no. 4), alt.3 738 m, 高山草甸 (on alpine meadow), 2018-07-15,楊永,李海文,楊智,王宇 (Y. Yang, H. W. Li, Z. Yang & Y. Wang) GGS 161 (PE)。

Perennial herbs ca. 14 cm tall. Basal leaves ca. 5, long petiolate; blades papery, cordate-pentagonal, rarely suborbicular orbroad-ovate, 1.4-2.5 × 2.2-4.5 cm,3-sect, central segment broad-

rhombic, 3-parted, lobes few-lobulate or few-denticulate, lateral segments obliquely flabellate, unequally 2-parted, with lobes lobulate and sparsely denticulate; surfaces both sparsely puberulous; petioles slender, 3.5-11 cm long, only near apex with sparse short hairs. Scapes slender, 5-12.5 cm long, subglabrous; cymes 1-flowered; involucral bracts 3, sessile, 1 larger, broad-rhombic, ca. 1.4 cm long and broad, 3-lobed, the second one similar to the first one, but smaller, ca. 1 cm long, the third one cuneate, ca. 1 cm long, unequally2-lobed; pedicels ca. 3.2 cm long, puberulous. Flower: Sepals 5, white, elliptic or obovate. 8-10 × 6 mm, glabrous, 5-6-nerved, apex rounded. Stamens ca. 40, 3-4 mm long, glabrous; filaments lanceolate-linear, 2.2-3.2 × 0.3-0.8 mm, 1-nerved; anthers yellowish, broad-oblong, 0.8-1 × 0.5-0.7 mm, apex obtuse. Carpels ca. 25; ovatries narrowly ovoid, 1-2 × 0.5-1 mm, densely pubescent; styles 1-1.4 mm long, glabrous; stigmas inconspicuous.

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川瀘定。生于高山草甸上,海拔3 738 m。

21. 天全銀蓮花 圖版11: 1-3

Anemone patula Chang ex W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 169, pl. 9: 10. 1974; in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 40, pl. 10: 1-3. 1980; et in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 513. 1993; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 526. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 65, fig. 2. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 147. 2008. —Anemonastrum patulum (W. T. Wang) Mosyakin in Phytoneruon 55: 7. 2018. Holotype 四川:天全,1936,曲桂齡2796 (PE)。

21a. var. patula

分布于中國(guó)四川西部。生于高山草地,灌叢中或冷杉林下,海拔3 600~4 350 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:金川,空卡山,第八森林調(diào)查隊(duì)5022;松潘,大王山,alt. 4 000 m,成都生物所植被組30023;理縣,大板昭,胡文光53-175,鄧德之1215(均存SZ)。

21b. 雞足葉銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版11: 4

var.minor? W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 41, 350, pl. 10: 4. 1980; et in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 513. 1993; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 327. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 67. 2004. Type四川:寶興,鄧池溝,alt. 3 530 m,1933-06-26,杜大華4293 (holotype, PE);金川,卡薩,alt.3 950 m,高山灌叢,1958-07-31,第八森林調(diào)查隊(duì)8835 (paratype, PE)。

分布于中國(guó)四川西部。生于山地灌叢或草地上,海拔3 500~4 000 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:馬爾康,吳中倫32375;瀘定,磨西,alt. 4 000 m,成都生物所植被組31254。

22. 多果銀蓮花 圖版14: 3-6

Anemone polycarpa? W. E. Evans in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 13: 154. 1921; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 44. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 67, fig. 3. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 138. 2008. — A. rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms. ssp. polycarpa (W. E. Evans) W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 43, pl. 11: 3-6. 1980; in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 513. 1993; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 198, pl. 58: 4-7. 2000. — Anemonastrum polycarpum(W. E. Evans) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 7. 2018. Holotype 云南:怒江,瀾滄江分水嶺,alt.12 000 ft., 1914-09-11, G. Forrest 13320 (E, non vidi)。

分布于中國(guó)西藏東南部、云南西北部,以及不丹、尼泊爾、印度北部(fide Ziman et al., 2007)。生于高山草甸上,海拔3 600~4 800 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:米林,西藏中草藥隊(duì)4029,李渤生,程樹志5509,5530,5803;林芝,張經(jīng)緯,王金亭190;波密,應(yīng)俊生,洪德元65-846,生態(tài)室草原組14819。云南:貢山,俞德浚22236, 22374, 22585, 22678;俅江河谷,俞德浚19858;德欽,馮國(guó)楣5092, 5233, 6086, 6120, 6670。

23. 波密銀蓮花 圖版5: 4-6

Anemone bomiensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Holotype 西藏 (Xizang):波密縣,嘎隆拉雪山 (Bomi Xian, Galongla Snow Mountain), alt.3 734 m,高山草甸 (on alpine meadow), 2019-06-21, PE西藏考察隊(duì) (PE Xizang Exped.) 9195 (PE)。

Small perennial herbs 4-6 cm tall. Basal leaves 3-4, long petiolate; blades chartaceous, cordate-pentagonal, 0.9-1.2 × 1.4-2 cm, 3-sect, central segment broadly rhombic, 3-cleft or 3-parted slightly exceeding the middle of segment, lobes once again 3-cleft, with lobules narrow-ovate, lateral segments similar to cetral segment, but slightly oblique and unequally 3-parted, with lobes 3-lobed; surfaces adaxially appressed-pubesoent, abaxially glabrous; petioles 1.6-2 cm long, subglabrous. Scapes 1-2, 3-5.5 cm long, subglabrous; cymes 1-flowered; involucral brancts 3, sessile, unequal, 6-10 mm long, 2 larger, broadly rhombic, 3-parted, 1 smaller, oblong, unequally 2-lobed or undivided; pedicels 0.8-1.5 cm long, above with sparse hairs. Flower: Sepals 5, white, obovate, rarely narrow-elliptic, 4-6 ×2-4 mm, glabrous, apex rounded. Stamens ca. 12, glabrous; filements white, linear, 1-2 mm long; anthers deep blue, broad-oblong, 0.8-1 mm long, apex obtuse. Carpels ca. 14; ovaries oblong-oblanceolate, 2 × 0.6 mm, on middle part pubescent; styles 1.2-1.3 mm long, glabrous, apex hooked; stigmas inconspicuous.

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)西藏波密、嘎隆拉山北麓。生于高山草甸上,海拔3 734 m。

24. 米林銀蓮花 圖版1: 5-9

Anemone milinensis W. T. Wang in Guihaia 33(5): 584, fig. 3: F-K. 2013, et 36, Suppl. 1: 80, fig. 3: F-K. 2016; et in High. Pl. China in Colour 3: 401. 2016. Holotype 西藏:米林,派區(qū),多雄拉山,alt. 4 200 m,高山草地,花淡藍(lán)紫色,2012-07-30,楊永,劉冰,林秦文,歐陽(yáng)均,馮濤319 (PE)。

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)西藏米林和墨脫間的多雄拉山。生于高山草地或墊狀灌叢草甸中,海拔3 900~4 200 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:米林,派區(qū),多雄拉山北坡,4 200 m,高山草甸中,1983-07-13,程樹志,李渤生5517 (topotype);墨脫,那格,多雄拉山,alt.3 900 m, 1074-08-01, 青藏隊(duì)3879。

25. 岷山銀蓮花 圖版12: 1-3

Anemone rockii Ulbr. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 10: 876. 1929; Fl. Tsinling. 1(2): 284. 1974; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 40, pl. 8: 1-3. 1980; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 327. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 69, fig. 10. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 148. 2008. — Anemonastrum rockii (Ulbr.) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 7. 2018. Type 甘肅:迭部,shimen之南,alt. 10 600 ft., 1925-06, J. F. Rock 12520 (lectotype, Ziman et al., 2007; isolectotype, PE);同地,Shimen, alt. 12 000 ft., 1925-07, J. F. Rock 13061 (syntype)。

25a. var. rockii

分布于中國(guó)西藏東部、云南西北、四川西北和甘肅南部以及尼泊爾 (fide Ziman et al., 2007)。

25b. 多莖銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版12: 9

var. multicaulis W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28:40, 350. 1980; et in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 513. 1993; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 327. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 72. 2007. Type 四川:西昌,alt.2 900~3 100 m, 草地,1932-08-10,俞德浚1312 (holotype, PE), 1304 (paratype, PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川西昌。生于高山草地上,海拔2 900~3 100 m。

25c. 巫溪銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版12: 10

var. pilocarpa W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 40, 350. 1980; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 327. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 71. 2007. Type 重慶:巫溪,alt. 2 300 m,草地,1935-08-27,曲桂齡2064 (holotype, PE);城口,alt. 2 100~2 500 m,1958-06,戴天倫100327,100797 (paratypes, PE)。

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)重慶市北部。生于山地草坡,海拔2 100~2 500 m。

26. 疏齒銀蓮花 圖版13:1-3

Anemone geum? Lévl. in Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bor. 25. 25. 1915; Hand.-Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 177. 1939; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 729, fig. 1458. 1972; S. Y. He, Fl. Beijing, rev. ed., 1: 243, fig. 305. 1984; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 327. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 72, fig. 6. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 148. 2008. — A. bonatiana Lévl. var. geum (Lévl.) Lévl. Cat. Pl. Yunnan 219. 1917. — Anemonastrum geum (Lévl.) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 7. 2018. Holotype 云南:Ta-hai-Tze, alt. 1 200 m, 1912-05, E. E. Maire s. n. (E; photo, PE)。

A. obtusiloba D. Don ssp. ovalifolia Brühl in Ann. Bot. Gard. Culc. 5: 78., pl. 108B: 23, 27-30. 1896; Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 23: 189. 1960; Fl. Tsinling. 1(2): 283, fig. 244. 1974; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 36, pl. 9: 1-3. 1980; et in Fl. Xizang. 2: 82. 1985; J. W. Wang in Fl. Hebei. 1: 465, fig. 468. 1986; D. Z. Ma & H. L. Liu, Fl. Ningxia. 1: 192. 1986; Y. Z. Zhao in Fl. Intramongol., 2nd ed., 2: 467, pl. 188: 1-2. 1991; X. Y. Yu, B. L. Li & Y. M. Li in Fl. Shanxi. 1: 620, pl. 393. 1992; J. G. Liu in Fl. Xinjiang. 2(1): 277, pl. 75:1-3. 1994; L. H. Zhou in Fl. Qinghhai 1: 340, pl. 74:9-12. 1997; W. T. Wean in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 194. 2000. — A. ovalifolia (Bruhl.) Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 315. 1931. — A. geum Lévl, ssp. ovalifolia (Brühl.) Chaudhary in Bot. Zhurn. 73: 1188. 1988; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 337. 2016. Based on var. geocharis Brühl and var. orthocaula Brühl.

A. obtusiloba var. geocharis Brühl in Ann. Bot. Gard. Culc. 5:78. 1896. Syntypes 甘肅:G. N. Potanin s. n. 四川:康定,A. E. Pratt176。西藏北部,N. M. Przewalski s. n. (non vidi.)。

A. wardii Marq. & Shaw in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 48: 154. 1929. Holotype 西藏:Doshong La. Pemako, 1924-10-25, F, Kingdon Ward 6262 (K. non vidi)。

A. rupestris var. pilosa Marq. & Shaw in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 48: 154. 1929. Holotype 西藏:Temo La, alt. 4 270 m, 1924-06-06, F. Kingdon Ward 5747 (K, non vidi)。

A. obtusiloba ssp. ovalifolia Bruhl var. angustilimba W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 37, 350, pl. 10: 5. 1980. Holotype 四川:雷波,黃毛梗,alt. 2 800 m, 1959-06-19, 四川經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-760 (PE)。

分布于中國(guó)西藏南部和東部(海拔3 500~5 000 m)、云南北部(2 600~3 900 m)、四川西部(1 700~4 700 m)、青海、新疆中部和南部(4 200 m)、甘肅、寧夏(賀蘭山,2 800 m)、陜西(隴縣,1 900~2 300 m)、山西、河北北部(1 900~2 800 m),以及尼泊爾、印度北部(fide Ziman et al., 2007)。生于高山草地或灌叢中。

本種的葉、花、果實(shí)及全草可供藥用:葉、花和果實(shí)用于病后體溫低、淋癥、關(guān)節(jié)積液、黃水瘡、咳嗽痰喘;全草用于止血(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:普蘭,青藏隊(duì)8454;薩嘎,青藏隊(duì)7107;仲巴,青藏隊(duì)6536;吉隆,青藏隊(duì)植被組5747;聶拉木,青藏隊(duì)植被組4254,5647;定日,朱家柟21;亞?wèn)|,青藏隊(duì)2586;帕里,鐘補(bǔ)求5774;拉薩,張永田,郎楷永1943;林周,傅國(guó)勛213;申扎,王金亭3607;班戈,陶德定10607;當(dāng)雄,董潔華240;安多,陶德定10706;那曲,陶德定10538;索縣,王金亭3210;嘉黎,陶德定10463;波密,應(yīng)俊生,洪德元65-846;林芝,西藏中草藥隊(duì)3212;察隅,青藏隊(duì)10580;芒康,青藏隊(duì)11841;左貢,青藏隊(duì)12137, D. E. Boufford, B. Bartholomew等40664, 40706;八宿,青藏隊(duì)12231;察雅,Boufford & Bartholomew 等41233;類烏齊,Boufford等31995;昌都,綜考會(huì)隊(duì)76-55;貢覺,青藏隊(duì)12556;江達(dá),青藏隊(duì)12462。云南:維西:王啟無(wú)63858,64644,馮國(guó)楣4778;中甸,青藏隊(duì)1259;洱源,金沙江隊(duì)6323。四川:鹽源,姜恕5997;得榮,D. E. Boufford等30944;木里,俞德浚5651,14589;鄉(xiāng)城,D. E. Boufford等30425,30660;稻城,四川植物隊(duì)1842;金陽(yáng),經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-3156;越西,俞德浚969;雷波,管中天8535;西昌,陳偉烈,陳家瑞5251;冕寧,西師生物系11932;Minya Konka雪山,J. F. Rock 17676;瀘定,四川植物隊(duì)6836;康定,方文培3553, Harry Smith 10462; 胡文光,何鑄10482,11316;雅江,姜恕5140;理塘,姜恕5231;二郎山,經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-875;寶興,俞德浚2376;張秀實(shí),任有銑5494;金川,李馨77284,77816;道孚,張永田,郎楷永87;新龍,四川植物隊(duì)6384;爐霍,D. E. Boufford等34708;甘孜,胡文光,何鑄13020,13141;德格,四川植物隊(duì)7256;色達(dá),應(yīng)俊生9076;壤塘,姜恕8945;阿壩,湯宗孝1407;馬爾康,李馨70244,70596,70824,李譜雄10594;米亞羅,姜恕7153;理縣,姜恕1164;茂縣,何鑄,周子林12710;巴朗山,汪發(fā)瓚21230;松潘,方文培4063,Harry Smith 2561, 2682;若爾蓋,四川植物隊(duì)10005,譚仲明93-34。青海:玉樹,藏藥隊(duì)1215;德令哈,青甘隊(duì)932;貴德,劉尚武3327;民和,何廷農(nóng)781;共和,郭本兆,王遂義11921,12034;青海湖,關(guān)克儉77215;湟中,何廷農(nóng)753;互助,郭本兆9328;海晏,鐘補(bǔ)求8286;大通,張榮祖4467;門源,鐘補(bǔ)求10086;新疆:烏魯木齊,楊昌友214。甘肅:肅南,祁連山,何葉祺3656。山西:沁源,劉繼孟1281。河北:小五臺(tái)山,王作賓595;東陵,段俊西s. n.。

27. 嘎隆拉山銀蓮花 圖版10: 4-6

Anemone galonglashanica W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Holotype 西藏 (Xizang):墨脫縣,嘎隆拉山之南 (Motuo Xian, in the south of Galongla Shan), alt. 4 150 m,灌叢草甸中,花白色 (in scrub-meadow, fls. white), 1982-08-14, 程樹志,李渤生 (S. Z. Cheng & B. S. Li) 33 (PE)。

Perennial herbs 12-15 cm tall. Basal leaves4-10, 3-9.5 cm long, long petiolate, glabrous, rarely with lobes sparsely ciliolate; blades of larger leaves (with petioles 4-6.5 cm long) broadly ovate or cordate-pentagonal, 0.9-1.8 × 1.5-2.7 cm, at base cordate, 3-sect, segments shortly petiolulate or sessile, central segment broad-rhombic, 3-parted, with lobes 2-3-lobulate, 2-3-lobed or undivided, lateral segments obliquely flabellate, obliquely obovate or broad-rhombic, unequally 2-cleft or 2-3-lobed, with lobes 1-3-denticulate or entire, and blades of small leaves (with petioles 1.6-2.5 cm long) mostly broad-rhombic, 0.16-0.7×0.25-0.8 cm, 3-sect., with segments narrow-elliptic or linear, and 0.2-1.5 mm broad, entire. Scapes 4-7, 3.5-14 cm long, glabrous or near apex with a few hairs; cymes 1-3-flowered; involucral bracts 3, rarely 2, sessile, unequal, narrow-obovate, rhombic-obovate or obliquely oblong, 0.9-1.6×0.3-1 cm, 2-3-lobed or 2-3-cleft, rarely 3-parted, with entire narrow-ovate lobes, glabrous, rarely on some lobes sparsely ciliolate; pedicels 0.5-3 cm long, near apex with a few hairs. Flower: Sepals 5, white, narrow-obovate or obovate, 5-9×2.8-4.5 mm, glabrous, 5-nerved, apex truncate-rounded. Stamens ca. 40, glabrous; filaments linear, ca. 2.2×0.5-0.6 mm, 1-nerved; anthers broad-oblong, ca. 1 mm long, apex obtuse. Carpels 9-15; ovaries narrow-ovoid, ca. 2 mm long, abaxally densely pubescent; styles 0.2-1 mm long, glabrous, apex arcuate and abaxially with stigmas 0.2-0.5 mm long.

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)西藏墨脫嘎隆拉山南麓。生于山地灌叢草甸中,海拔4 150 m。

28. 短蕊銀蓮花 圖版25: 5-7

Anemone brachystema? W. T. Wang in Pl. Divers. Resour. 36(4): 450, fig. 1: E-G. 2014. Holotype 西藏:墨脫,多雄拉山之南,高山草甸,1980-06-24,生態(tài)室高原組10319 (PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)西藏墨脫多雄拉山南部高山草甸上。

29.? 玉龍山銀蓮花 圖2

Anemone yulongshanica W. T. Wang in Bull. Bot. Res. Harbin 16(2): 159, fig. 1: 1-4. 1996; et in Fl. Yunnan.11: 196. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 325. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 84, fig. 14. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 148. 2008.? —Anemonastrum yulongshanicum (W. T. Wang) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 8. 2018. Holotype云南:麗江,玉龍雪山,母豬溝,溪邊石上,1962-07-03,麗江植物園隊(duì)10333 (KUN; photo, PE)。

29a. var. yulongshanica

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南麗江玉龍雪山。生于山地溪邊石上。

29b. 截基銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版11: 6-7

var. truncata? (Comber) W. T. Wang in Bull. Bot. Res. Harbin 16(2): 159. 1996; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 325. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edib. J. Bot. 64(1): 86, fig. 15. 2007. —A. coelestina Franch. var. truncata Comber in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 18: 226. 1934. — A. obtusiloba ssp. ovalifolia var. truncata (Comber) W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 37, pl. 10:6-7. 1980; in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 512. 1993; et in Fl. Yunnan 11: 196. 2000. Holotype 云南:麗江,玉龍雪山,alt.11 000 ft., 1910-05, G. Forrest 5640 (E, non vidi; photo, PE)。

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南麗江玉龍雪山和四川西南部(木里,美姑)。生于山地草坡或冷杉林下,海拔2 600~3 900 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:麗江,玉龍雪山,王啟無(wú)71002,俞德浚15178,15595,趙致光30265.四川:木里,Ka-bu, alt. 3 900 m, 1937-05, 俞德浚5485;美姑,四川經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-1634。

29c. 鹿馬登銀蓮花 (變種)

var. glabrescens? W. T. Wang in Acta Bot. Yunnan 30(5): 519, fig. 1: A-C. 2008. Type 云南:福貢,鹿馬登鄉(xiāng),亞坪村,alt. 3 600~3 640 m, 2005-08, Gaoligong Shan Biocdiv. Survey 26397 (holotype, PE), 26453, 28024 (paratypes, CAS & PE);同地,利沙底,alt. 3 640 m, 2005-08-24, GSBS 28042 (paratypes, CAS & PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南福貢高黎貢山。生于海拔3 600~3 640 m一帶山地。

29d. 葉枝銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版13: 10-13

var. polysepala? (W. T. Wang) W. T. Wang, comb. nov. — A. obtusiloba ssp. ovalifolia var. polysepala W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 169. 1974; et in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 37, pl. 9: 10-13. 1980. Type 云南:維西,葉枝,alt. 3 780 m, 1940-05-29, 馮國(guó)梅4270 (holotype, PE), 4247 (paratype, PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南維西葉枝。生于海拔3 780 m一帶山地。

30. 微裂銀蓮花 圖版13: 4-6

Anemone subindivisa W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 173, pl. 10: 14. 1974; et in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 47, pl. 9: 4-6. 1980; in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 515. 1993; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 201, pl. 56: 7-8. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 325. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 83, fig. 13. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 148. 2008. —Anemonastrum subindivisum (W. T. Wang) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 7. 2018. Type 四川:木里,米足嘎山,alt. 3 700~4 000 m, 1937-05-23, 俞德浚5756 (holotype, PE), 5635 (paratype, PE);同地,格布,alt. 3 400 m, 1937-05-19,俞德浚5499 (paratype, PE)。

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部(洱源、麗江、中甸)和四川西南部(木里)。生于山坡草地以及冷杉林或云南松林下,海拔2 880~3 900 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:麗江,鐵甲山,alt. 2 880 m,云南松林下,青藏隊(duì)175;中甸,牧場(chǎng)上,馮國(guó)楣931。四川:木里,Shau-siang-liang-tze, alt.3 900 m, 1937-08,俞德浚7753;木里,米足嘎山,alt.3 050~4 800 m, 1928-06, J. F. Rock 16206, p. p。

31. 三小葉銀蓮花 圖版10: 7-9

Anemone trifoliolata W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Holotype 四川:Djesi-La and Djesi-Longba, South of Tatsienlu, Fls. white, July 1929, J. F. Rock 17543 (PE)。

Perennial herbs 7-14 cm tall. Basal leaves ca. 5, ternate, long petiolate; blades nearly deltoid, 2-3 × 2-4 cm; central leaflet shortly petiolulate, orbicular-ovate, 1.5-2.5 × 2-3 cm, at apex subrounded, at base subcordate or broadly cuneate, 3-cleft or 3-parted, with lobes incised and sparsely crenate-dentate, lateral leaflets slightly smaller, shortly petiolulate or sessile, unequally3-clert, all lobes and lobules imbricate among themselves, on both surfaces appressed-pubescent; petioles 2.5-4.5 cm long, densely spreading-villous. Scapes 2-6, 3-11 cm long, densely spreading-villous.; cymes 1-flowered; involucral bracts 3, sessile, unequal, narrow-obovate, narrow-lanceolate or ovate, 0.7-1.2 × 0.2-0.5 cm, entire, rarely on apex 3-denticulate; pedicels 2-7 cm long, densely appressed-pubescent. Flower: Sepals 5, white, of them 4 obovate and 1 broadly ovate, 9-12 × 6-8 mm, at apex rounded or obtuse, adaxially glabrous, abaxially sparsely appressed-pubescent. Stamens ca. 40, glabrous; filaments linear, 1-2 mm long. 1-nerved; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm long, apex obtuse. Carpels ca. 9; ovaries narrow-oblong, 2 mm long, densely villous; styles 1.2 mm long, glabrous; stigmas inconspicuous.

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川康定之南的Djesi-La。

32. 羽裂銀蓮花 圖版13: 7-9

Anemone subpinnata? W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 170, pl. 6: 7-9. 1974; in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 43, pl. 9: 7-9. 1980; et in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 514. 1993; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6:326. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 69(1): 68, fig. 4. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 147. 2008. —Anemonastrum subp. innatum (W. T. Wang) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 8. 2018. Type 四川:木里,瓦欽,alt. 3 750 m,山坡草地,1937-06-21, 俞德浚6513 (holotype, PE), 6512 (paratype, PE)。

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川西南部(木里、稻城)。生于山坡草地或灌叢中,海拔3 750~3 870 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:稻城,Bowa山,alt.3 870 m, 1998-07-04, D. E. Boufford, B. Bartholomew等28260。

系2. 濕地銀蓮花系

Ser. Rupestres Ziman, Ehrendorfer & Bulakh in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 56. 2007.; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 147. 2008. Type: A. rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms.

與Ser. Obtusilobae在親緣關(guān)系方面極為相近,與后者的區(qū)別在于本系的瘦果兩側(cè)扁,并具肋。

1種,分布見下。

33. 濕地銀蓮花 圖版14: 7-9

Anemone neorupestris W. T. Wang, nom. nov. — A. rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 21. 1855, non A. rupestris Jacquem. ex Camb. 1844; et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 9. 1872; Franch in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 365. 1886; Forbes & Hemsl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 11. 1886; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 242. 1905; Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 23: 198. 1960; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 41, pl. 11: 7-9. 1980; in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 513. 1993; in Fl. Yunnan: 11: 198, pl. 58: 1-3. 2000; et in High. Pl. China 3: 496, fig. 793 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 323. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 86, fig. 16. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 148. 2008. — Anemonastrum rupestre (wall. ex Hook. f. & Thoms) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 7. 2018. Holotype: Sikkim, alt.4 570 m, J. D. Hooker s. n. (K, non vidi).

33a. ssp. neorupestris

33ai. var. neorupestris

從傅德志教授的銀蓮花屬(Anemone)屬植物名錄和Index Kewensis(Jackson, 1895),我得知于1844年已發(fā)表了一銀蓮花屬植物,名為Anemone rupestris Jacquem. ex Camb. (in v. Jacquemont, Voyage dans lInde 4: 5. 1844)。因此,在1855年發(fā)表的Anemone rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms.是一晚出異物同名 (later homonym),根據(jù)《國(guó)際植物命名法規(guī)》(朱光華,2001)有關(guān)條文的規(guī)定是不合法的名稱。本文將此晚出異物同名的種加詞‘rupestris改為‘neorupestris。

分布于中國(guó)西藏東南部(海拔3 700~4 200 m)、云南北部(2 700~4 600 m)和四川西部,以及不丹、尼泊爾和印度東北部。生于山地草坡、灌叢或溪邊,海拔2 700~4 560 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:米林,李渤生,程樹志5604;波密,姚淦3273(NAS)。云南:德欽,楊親二98-395;中甸,俞德浚12544,青藏隊(duì)999,1259;麗江,

王啟無(wú)70522,71603,俞紹文65059;洱源,金沙江隊(duì)6328;東川,藍(lán)順彬634。四川:松潘,湯宗孝634。

33aii. 寬葉濕地銀蓮花 (變種)

var. latifolia (W. T. Wang) W. T. Wang, comb. nov. — A. rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms. var. latifolia W. T. Wang in Pl. Divers. Resour. 37(2): 133, fig. 1: D-F. 2015. Holotype 四川:大邑,黑水河,alt. 3 200 m,林中。2007-06-06,朱大海,馮正波等20070626(PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川大邑。生于山地林中,海拔3 200 m。

33b. 凍地銀蓮花 (亞種) 圖版14: 1-2

ssp. gelida (Maxim.) W. T. Wang, st. et comb. nov. — A. gelida Maxim. in Acta. Hort. Petrop. 11: 21. 1890; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 74. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb.. 37: 232. 1905; Hand-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 314. 1931; et in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 177. 1939. — A. rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms. ssp. gelida (Maxim) Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 23: 199. 1960; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 43, pl. 58: 8-9. 1980; in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 513. 1993; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 198, pl. 58:8-9. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 323. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 89, fig. 17. 2007. — Anemonastrum rupestre ssp. gelidum (Maxim.) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 7. 2018. Type 四川:valle fl. Kserntso alpe Sü-ye-shan, ad limitem nivis aeternae, 1885-08-11, G. N. Potanin s. n. (holotype, LE; isotype, PE).

分布于中國(guó)四川北部和云南西北部(中甸)。生于高山草甸,海拔4 800~5 000 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:Dongrergo(近松潘),1922-07,Harry Smith 3262; 理縣,龍溪鄉(xiāng),1952-06,何鑄12702(SZ)。云南:中甸,石膏雪山,1937-07,馮國(guó)楣1599 (KUN)。

系3.? 黃花銀蓮花系

Ser. Trullifoliae? Ziman, Ehrendorfer & Bullakh in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 56. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 147. 2008. Type: A. trullifolia Hook. f. & Thoms.

本系植物的葉片基部呈寬楔形,楔形或漸狹,是與以上二系的主要區(qū)別特征。毛茛科的葉由單葉演化為復(fù)葉,在單葉時(shí),葉片由不分裂演化為掌狀淺裂、掌狀深裂到掌狀全裂。從本系植物中可以看到,葉片先由掌狀深裂演化為掌狀淺裂,最后演化到不分裂的情況,這與上述毛茛科葉分裂的演化趨勢(shì)完全相反,是毛茛科植物中罕見的現(xiàn)象。

6種,主要分布于中國(guó)四川西部、云南、西藏諸省區(qū),其中數(shù)種分布到喜馬拉雅山區(qū)。

34. 魯?shù)殂y蓮花 圖版15:12-14

Anemone lutienensis W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 172, pl. 10: 11. 1974; in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 44, pl. 12: 12-14. 1980; in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 514. 1993; in Pl. Divers. Resour 37(2): 131, fig. 2: G-I. 2015; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 198, pl. 57: 16-18. 2000. — A. trullifolia Hook. f. & Thoms var. lutienensis (W. T. Wang) Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 324. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 79, fig. 9. 2007. Type 云南:麗江,魯?shù)椋?939-05-08,秦仁昌20548 (holotype, PE), 20550 (paratype, PE)。

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部(瀘水、大理、麗江)。生于高山草甸上,海拔2 800~3 150 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:瀘水,志奔山,湯宗孝,田效文104;大理,蒼山,楊親二94-33。

35. 黃花銀蓮花 圖版15:18

Anemone trullifolia Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 22. 1855; et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 9. 1872; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 61. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 243. 1905; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 44, pl. 12: 18. 1980; in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 514. 1993; in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 200, pl. 57: 6-9. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 323. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 75, fig. 7. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 148. 2008. — A. obtusiloba D. Don. ssp. trullifolia (Hook. f. & Thoms.) Bruhl in Ann. Bot. Gard.Culc. 5: 78. 1896. — A. trullifolia var. typica Finet & Gagnep. in l. c. —Anemonastrum trullifolium (Hook f. & Thoms.) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 8. 2018. Holotype: Sikkim, alt. 11-15 000 ft., 1849-07-14, J. D. Hooker s. n. (K, non vidi).

A. chumulangmaensis W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 171. 1974. Holotype 西藏:珠穆朗瑪峰,卡馬,alt. 4 380 m,1959-06-15,珠峰考察隊(duì)269(PE)。

分布于中國(guó)西藏南部、四川西南部和云南西北部(fide Ziman et al., 2007),以及不丹、尼泊爾和印度北部。生于山地草坡,河邊沙地或林中,海拔4 000~5 000 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:亞?wèn)|,張經(jīng)緯2465,青藏補(bǔ)點(diǎn)隊(duì)75-234;定結(jié),青藏隊(duì)5463,青藏隊(duì)植被組3881。四川:稻城,無(wú)名山,四川植被隊(duì)2702。

36. 涼山銀蓮花 圖版11: 8-10

Anemone liangshanica? W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 170, pl. 9: 11. 1974; in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 44, pl. 10: 8-10. 1980; et in Pl. Divers. Resour. 37(2): 131, fig. 2: A-C. 2015. — A. trullifolia Hook. f. & Thoms. var. liangshanica (W. T. Wang) Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 324. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 78, fig. 8. 2007. Type 四川:雷波,涼山,黃毛梗,alt. 2 800 m, 1959-06-19, 胡嘉琪等761(holotype, PE),813(paratype, PE)。

36a. var. liangshanica

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川南部(布施、雷波、洪溪)。生于山地草甸,灌叢,海拔2 800~3 800 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:布拖,烏科牧場(chǎng),成都生物所植被組13808;雷波,黃毛梗,1973-05,四川大學(xué)生物系110687 (SZ)。

36b. 大理銀蓮花 (變種)

var. rectistyla W. T. Wang in Pl. Divers. Resour. 37(2): 131, fig. 2: D-F. 2015. Holotype 云南:大理,喜州鎮(zhèn),花甸壩,alt.2 900 m,高山草甸,2009-07-17,金效華,劉冰等1594 (PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南大理。生于高山草甸上,海拔2 900 m。

37. 匙葉銀蓮花 圖版15: 6-8

Anemone coelestina Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 32: 4. 1885, 33: 365. 1886; Forbes & Hemsl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 11. 1886; Maxim in Acta Hort. Petrop. 11: 20. 1890; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 243. 1905; Hand.-Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 123: 178. 1939; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 324. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 79, fig. 10. 2007; et in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 148. 2008. — A. obtusiloba D. Don ssp. coelestina (Franch.) Brühl. in Ann. Bot. Gard. Culc. 5: 78. 1896. — A. trullifolia Hook. f. & Thoms. var. coelestina (Franch.) Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 61. 1904; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 46, pl. 12: 6-8. 1980; et in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 514. 1993. — Anemonastrum coelestinum (Franch.) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 7. 2018. Lectotype 云南:洱源,Hee-chan-men, 1884-06-02, J. M. Delavay 3 (P, Ziman et al., 2007).

A. bonatiana Lévl. in Repert. Sp. Nov. 7: 98. 1909.

A. coelestina var. polygyna Comber in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 18: 226. 1934.

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部和四川西南部。生于山地草坡、灌叢、溝邊或湖邊,海拔2 500~4 150 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:瀘水,湯宗孝104;云龍,楊親二93-43;洱源,Hee-chan-men,約1886, J. M. Delavay1034;劍川,喬后,羅平山,秦仁昌23086;麗江,王啟無(wú)71429;中甸,中甸隊(duì)1911。四川:鹽源,元寶區(qū),火爐山,alt. 4 000 m,青藏隊(duì)12242;木里,米足嘎山,1928-06,J. F. Rock 16206, p. p.

38.? 折多山銀蓮花 圖版5: 7-9

Anemone zheduoshanica W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Type 四川(Sichuan):康定,折多山 (Kangding, Zheduo Shan), alt. 4 323 m,高山草甸,萼片帶紫色 (on alpine meadow, sepals tinged with purple), 2018-05-17,貢嘎山考察隊(duì) (Gongga Shan Exped.) 0734 (holotype, PE);同地,省道 (same locality, Province high-way), alt.3 284 m,路旁草甸 (on meadow by high-way), 2018-05-16, 貢嘎山考察隊(duì)0642 (paratype, PE)。

38a. var. zheduoshanica

Small perennial herbs 4.5-7 cm tall. Basal leaves 5-7, sessile; blades chrtaceous, narrow-obovate, obovate, elliptic or narrow-elliptic, 1.5-2.6 × 0.6-1.2 cm, at apex acute or slightly acute, rarely obtuse, at base cuneate or broadly cuneate, on margin above 1-2-denticulate or entire, on both surfaces appressed-pubescent. Scapes 1-2, 1.5-3 cm long, with pedicels appressed-pubescent; cymes 1-flowered; involucral bracts 3, sessile, narrow-ovate or oblanceolate, 6-10 × 2-4 mm, at apex obtuse, on margin entire, appressed-pubescent; pedicels 7-20 (-25) mm long. Flower: Sepals 4 or 5, rarely 6, white, abaxially tinged with purple, obovate or elliptic- obovate, rarely broadly obovate, 8-12 × 4-9 mm, at apex rounded, adaxially glabrous, abaxially minutely puberulous. Stamens ca. 32, glabrous; filaments linear, 0.5-3.6 × 0.4-0.7 mm, 1-nerved; anthers yellowish, broad-oblong, 1.3-1.5 × 0.8-1 mm, apex obtuse. Carpels ca. 10; ovaries narrow-ovoid, 2 × 0.5 mm, densely pubescent; styles 1.2 mm long, glabrous; stigmas inconspicuous.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川康定折多山。生于高山草甸上,海拔3 284~4 323 m。

38b. 暗紫折多山銀蓮花 (變種)

var. atropurpurea? W. T. Wang, var. nov. Holotype 四川 (Sichuan):康定,折多山,省道路旁草甸 (Kangding, Zheduo Shan, on meadow by Province high-way), 2018-05-16,貢嘎山考察隊(duì) (Gongga Shan Exped.) 0629 (PE) 。

A. var. zheduoshanica differt sepalis atropurpureis, late obovatis vel obovatis, apice subtruncatis vel rotundatis.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川康定折多山。生于高山草甸上。

39. 條葉銀蓮花 圖版15:15-17

Anemone sino-linearis W. T. Wang, nom. et sp. nov., non A. linearis Schlechtd. ex Pritz., 1841. — A.obtusiloba D. Don ssp. trullifolia (Hook. f. & Thoms.) Bruhl. var. linearis Brühl in Ann. Bot. Gard. Culc. 5: 77. 1896. — A. trullifolia Hook. f. & Thoms. var. linaris (Bruhl.) Hand.-Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gtob. 13: 178. 1939; Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 23: 196. 1960; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 730, fig. 1459. 1972; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 46, pl. 12: 15-17. 1980; in Fl. Xizang. 2: 82. 1985; in High. Pl. China 3: 497. 2000; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 200, pl. 57: 13-15. 2000. — A. coelestina Franch. var. linearis (Bruhl) Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 325. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 81, fig. 11. 2007. Holotype 四川:康定,1890-07, A. E. Pratt 493 (non vidi)。

A. trullifolia Hook. f. & Thoms var. souliei Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 62. 1904. Syntypes (均存P) 四川:康定,東俄洛,1891-07,Soulie 9, 17;同地,1892,Soulie 385;同地,1893-07-23,Soulie 688;巴塘與理塘間,1890-06-13,H. dOrleans s. n. (non vidi)。

39a. var. sino-linearis

Perennial herbs. Rhizomes vertical, short and thick. Basal leaves 4-6, sessile, rarely petiolate; blades papery, broadly oblanceolate-linear or spatulate-oblanceolate, 3-12×0.7-2 cm, at apex3(-6)-dentate, rarely entire, adaxially appressed-puberulous, abaxially appressed-villous. Scapes 1-3(-7), 8-30 cm tall, puberulous; cymes1-flowered; involucral bracts 3, sessile, lanceolate, 0.7-1.5(-2.2) cm long, entire, rarely apically3-denticulate; pedicels sparsely puberulous. Flower: Sepals 5(-6), white, blue or yellow, obovate,10-13(-16)×5-7.5(-9) mm. Stamens numerous, 1.5-5 mm long, glabrous; filaments linear; anthers broadly oblong. Carpels 13-20; ovaries densely pubescent; styles short, glabrous; stigmas inconspicuous.

從傅德志教授的銀蓮花屬(Anemone)植物名錄和Index Kewensis(Jackson, 1895),我得知于1841年已發(fā)表一銀蓮花屬植物,學(xué)名為Anemone linearis Schlechtd. ex Pritz. (in Linnaea 15: 661. 1841.)。因此,如果將A. obtusiloba ssp. trullifolia var. linearis Bruhl提升為種級(jí)分類群,并根據(jù)此變種加詞形成的種名必定是一不合法的晚出異物同名 (later homonym)。于是,本文將種名的種加詞擬為‘sino-linearis。

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部、四川西部、甘肅南部、青海南部和西藏東部和南部以及不丹 (fide Ziman et al., 2007)。生于高山草地或灌叢中,海拔3 500~5 000 m。

本種的全草、花和根可供藥用:全草用于背部及脊椎骨痛;花和根用于慢性氣管炎、末梢神經(jīng)麻痹(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:中甸,俞德浚12092,馮國(guó)楣1556;德欽,姜恕9491。四川:稻城,D. E. Boufford, B. Bartholomew等28049,28161;鄉(xiāng)城,D. E. Boufford, B. Bartholomew等28668;巴塘,D. E. Boufford, B. Bartholomew等36100;理塘,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇2774;雅江,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇2840;康定,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇953,1014,關(guān)克儉,王文采603,1012;乾寧,四川植物隊(duì)5391;泰寧,胡文光,何鑄10886;道孚,姜恕2234;德格,四川植物隊(duì)7156;色達(dá),姜恕9077;金川,姜恕1118;馬爾康,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇2234;理縣,姜恕1451;松潘,湯宗孝828;紅原,姜恕7212;阿壩,湯宗孝1358。甘肅:瑪曲,朱格麟4140;迭部,白龍江隊(duì)1748;夏河,王作賓5726,7289;榆中,黃河隊(duì)甘一隊(duì)1712。青海:囊謙,楊永昌1100;玉樹,1964-07,?302;同德,何廷農(nóng),B. Bartholomew等172。西藏:昌都,D. E. Boufford, B. Bartholomew等41128;芒康,青藏隊(duì)11849;八宿,青藏隊(duì)12241;林芝,吳征鎰75-1162;米拉山,張永田,郎楷永1454;拉薩,張永田,郎楷永1941;羊八井,傅國(guó)勛173;南木林,西藏中草藥隊(duì)897;錯(cuò)那,吳征鎰等75-913;帕里,鐘補(bǔ)求5787;聶拉木,青藏隊(duì)5738。

39b. 鈍齒條葉銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版15:9-11

var. holophylla? (Diels) W. T. Wang, comb. nov. — A. trullifolia Hook. f. & Thoms var. holophylla Diels in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 5:263. 1912; Lauener in 1. c. 23: 197. 1960; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 47, pl. 12: 9-11. 1980; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 200, pl. 57: 10-12. 2000. — A. coelestina Franch var. polygyna Comb. f. holophylla (Diels) Comb. in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 27: 226. 1924. — A. coelestina Franch. var. holophylla (Diels) Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 325. 2001; Ziman et al. in Edinb. J. Bot. 64(1): 82, fig. 12. 2007. Holotype 云南:麗江,玉龍山,alt. 3 050~3 350 m, 1906-05, G. Forrest 2166 (E, non vidi)。

分布于中國(guó)新疆西部以及中亞地區(qū)。生于山地草坡,海拔1 900 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 新疆:托里,關(guān)克儉2621,新疆師大隊(duì)73152;烏魯木齊,王多勤108,鄒克榮140。

40d. 長(zhǎng)毛銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版16: 8

Anemone narcissiflora L. var. crinita (Juz.) Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 115. 1958; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor.-Or. 3: 158. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 48, pl. 13: 8. 1980; S. Y. He, Fl. Beijing, rev. ed., 1: 245. 1984; J. G. Liu in Fl. Xinjiang 2(1): 279. 1994; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 80(5): 295. 2005. — A. crinita Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 274. 1937; J. W. Wang in Fl. Hebei. 1: 465. 1986; Y. Z. Zhao in Fl. Intramongol., 2nd ed., 2: 468, pl. 188: 6,8. 1991; et Class. Distr. Vasc. Pl. Inn. Mongol. 163. 2012. — A. narcissiflora L. ssp. crinita (Juz.) Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 213. 1939. Lectotype: “Habitat in Sibira. Gmelin no. 71018 (Zimen et al., 2005)

分布于中國(guó)河北北部、遼寧西部、內(nèi)蒙古和新疆,以及蒙古、俄羅斯西伯利亞和遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)。生于山坡草地、灌叢、林邊或林下,海拔650~1 800 m。

標(biāo)本選錄 北京:百花山,金德福151;靈山,楊朝廣1542,1713。河北:赤城,大海坨山,陳巖,宋書銀33;平泉,王忠濤等14-380;圍場(chǎng),李良千,王忠濤等49。內(nèi)蒙古:克什克騰旗,楊雅玲等563;巴林右旗,翟秀麗,孫英寶2-019;巴林左旗,傅德志等81;烏蘭浩特,傅德志等42;昭盟,蒙寧隊(duì)473;牙克石,林學(xué)院隊(duì)86-18;額爾古納,王戰(zhàn)1614;大興安嶺,J. Sato 86。

40e. 賀蘭山銀蓮花 (變種)

var. alashanica Schipcz. in Acta Hort. Bot. Univ. Jurjev. 13(2): 100. 1912. — A. alashanica (Schipcz.) Borod.-Grabovsk. in Pl. Centr. Asia 12: 61, t. 5: 1-2. 2001; Y. Z. Zhao, Class. Distr. Vasc. Pl. Inn. Mongol. 163. 2012.

Decribed from Helan Shan, Inn. Mongol.

分布于中國(guó)內(nèi)蒙古賀蘭山和甘肅南部。生于山坡上或林下,海拔2 200~3 000 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 內(nèi)蒙古:賀蘭山,何業(yè)祺2310,1860,陽(yáng)文靜,張彩飛90。甘肅:臨潭,蓮花山,黃河隊(duì)洮河分隊(duì)3411。

41. 展毛銀蓮花 圖版17: 4-6, 18: 1-2

Anemone demissa? Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 23. 1855; et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 9. 1872; Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 367. 1886; Bruhl in Ann. Bot. Gard. Culc. 5: 81, t. 107. 1896; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 267. 1906; Hand.-Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 180. 1939; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 48, pl. 14: 4-6. 1980; in Fl. Xizang. 2: 82, fig. 22: 1. 1985; Y. Z. Zhao in Fl. Intramongol. 2nd ed., 2: 468, pl. 189: 1-3. 1991; L. H. Zhou in Fl. Qinghai. 1: 341. 1997; W. T. Wang in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 201. 2000; et in High. Pl. China 3: 497, fig. 796. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 321. 2001; Ziman et al in J. Jap.Bot. 81(1): 1. 2006, et 83(3): 151. 2008. —A. narcissifolia L. var. demissa (Hook. f. & Thoms.) Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Bot. France 51: 74. 1904. — Anemonastrum demissum (Hook. f. & Thoms.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 105. 1973. Holotype: Sikkim: Lama Gingra, Sarnclery, alt. 16000 ft., 1849-07-15, J. D. Hooker s. n. (K, non vidi).

A. demissa var. yunnanensis Franch in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 367. 1886; Pl. Delav. 10. 1889; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 51. 1980; et in Fl. Yunnan 11: 201, pl. 59: 1-2. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 322. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1): 4. 2006. Syntypes 云南:大理,蒼山,alt. 3 000~3 500 m, 1884-06, J. M. Delavay 154 (P; photo, PE), 989 (P, non vidi)。

A. demissa var. grandiflora Marq. & Shaw in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 48(321): 154. 1929.

41a. var. demissa

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部、四川西北部、甘肅西南部、青海南部、西藏東部和南部,以及不丹、尼泊爾和印度北部。生于山地草坡或疏林中,海拔3 200~4 600 m。

本種的根狀莖、葉和果實(shí)可供藥用:根狀莖用于瘧疾、惡瘡;葉和果實(shí)用于祛風(fēng)除濕、防腐殺菌(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:德欽,王啟無(wú)69430,70112;中甸,湯宗孝511;麗江,湯宗孝449。四川:木里,韓裕豐83-109;鄉(xiāng)城,四川植被隊(duì)953,3260;稻城,四川植被隊(duì)1709;九龍,應(yīng)俊生3806;雷波,管中天8532;瀘定,朱大海3897;康定,Harry Smith 10610,關(guān)克儉,王文采1102;理塘,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇2803;巴塘,D. E. Boufford, B. Bartholomew等36097;德格,四川植被隊(duì)7129;甘孜,姜恕2418;壤塘,應(yīng)俊生9010;寶興,俞德浚2318;小金,張秀實(shí),任有銑6197;金川,李馨77765;馬爾康,李馨71611;茂縣,湯宗孝91;黑水,姜恕1454;阿壩,湯宗孝56;紅原,四川植物隊(duì)9089;若爾蓋,譚仲明93-36。青海:玉樹,?374。西藏:江達(dá),青藏隊(duì)76-12491;察隅,青藏隊(duì)73-467;貢覺,D. E. Boufford, B. Bartholomew等41076;芒康,青藏隊(duì)11850;八宿,李渤生等7360;昌都,青藏隊(duì)3608;類烏齊,楊競(jìng)生91-624;墨竹工卡,倪志誠(chéng)6;米林,西藏中草藥隊(duì)3795;林芝,西藏中草藥隊(duì)3204;拉薩,張永田,郎楷永2024;朗縣,西藏中草藥隊(duì)4466;聶拉木,張永田,郎楷永3978;吉隆,西藏中草藥隊(duì)664。

41b. 矮展毛銀蓮花 (新變種) 圖版8: 5-7

var. humilis W. T. Wang, var. nov. Holotype

四川 (Sichuan):九龍縣,湯古鄉(xiāng),扎拖溝 (Jiulong Xian, Tanggu Xiang, Katuo Valley), alt.3 854 m,沼澤中,花白色 (in swamp, fls. white),2018-09-10,陳文莉,蔣善文,王繼旋 (W. L. Chen, S. W. Jiang & J. X. Wang) 1588 (holotype, PE)。

A var.demissa differt plantis humilibus ca. 11 cm altis, foliorum petiolis multo brevioribus 1-2.6 cm longis cum scapis appresso-villosis, et sepalis albis. In var. demissa, plantae vulgo 20-45 cm altae, foliorum petioli 9-15 cm longi cum scapis patule villosi, et sepala caerulea vel purpurea, raro alba sunt.

此變種的植株矮,高約11 cm,葉柄短得多,長(zhǎng)1~2.6 cm,與花葶均被貼伏長(zhǎng)柔毛,萼片白色,而與模式變種不同。在模式變種,植株通常高20~45 cm,葉柄長(zhǎng)9~15 cm,與花葶均被開展長(zhǎng)柔毛,萼片呈藍(lán)色或紫色,稀呈白色。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川九龍。生于山地沼澤地,海拔3 845 m。

41c. 寬葉展毛銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版16:4-7

var. major W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 51, 351, pl. 13: 4-7. 1980; in Fl. Xizang 2: 83. 1985; in Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 515. 1993; et in Fl. Yunnan 11: 203, pl. 59: 3. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 322. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1): 5. 2006. Holotype 云南:維西,東竹嶺,alt. 4 000 m,山坡,花淡藍(lán),1937-07-11,俞德浚8908 (PE). Paratypes(均存PE) 云南:維西,王啟無(wú)63823,64472;德欽,俞德浚8735, 8745, 9842;中甸,俞德浚11745。四川:木里,俞德浚5657, 7076;冕寧,武素功2229;雷波,四川經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)843;鷓鴣山,李馨71687;綽斯甲,李譜雄10504。

分布于中國(guó)云南西部至東北部、西藏東部、四川西部和北部、甘肅西南部。生于山地草坡或疏林中,海拔2 300~4 700 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:貢山,青藏隊(duì)8637;麗江,毛品一139,楊親二,孔宏智98-477;寧蒗,湯宗孝1061;蘭坪,1960-07,?9807;鎮(zhèn)康,alt. 3 400 m,俞德浚117198;巧家,alt. 3 000 m,孫必興1020。西藏:墨脫,alt. 3 200 m,綜考會(huì)隊(duì)76-332;米林,alt. 4 000 m,倪志誠(chéng)等3023;錯(cuò)那,資源考察隊(duì)1697。四川:美姑,經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-1622;九龍,應(yīng)俊生3812;鄉(xiāng)城,青藏隊(duì)4089,D. E. Boufford, B. Bartholomew等28630;理塘,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇2803;金川,田效文1010;黑水,經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-1345;松潘,1928-08,方文培4041;南江,光霧山,alt. 2 300 m,巴山隊(duì)5685。甘肅:文縣,alt. 3 300 m,白水江隊(duì)5111。

41d. 密毛銀蓮花 (變種)

var.villosissima Bruhl in Ann. Bot. Gard. Culc. 5: 81. 1896; Hand.-Mazz. in Acta. Hort. Gotob. 13:180. 1939; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 51. 1980; in Fl. Xizang 2: 83. 1985, et in Fl. Yunnan 11: 203. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 322. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1): 4. 2006. — A. demissa ssp. villosissima (Bruhl) Chaudkhary in Bot. Zhurn. 73(8): 196. 1988. HolotypeSikkim: Jogri, alt.13 000 ft., 1892-06-22, Gammie 195 (non vidi).

A. demissa var. villosa Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 209. 1906.

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部、西藏南部、四川西部、甘肅南部,以及尼泊爾、印度北部 (fide Ziman et al., 2006)。生于山地草坡、灌叢中或林中,海拔2 500~4 450 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:瀘水,趙祖義120;福貢,Gaoligong Shan Biodiv, Survey 26430;德欽,王啟無(wú)64972;中甸,馮國(guó)楣1248;麗江,俞德浚15055,王啟無(wú)71592;大理,王啟無(wú)63189。四川:木里,俞德浚5657,14759;雷波,四川經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-9251;馬邊,汪發(fā)瓚22034;九龍,俞德浚6829;寶興,張秀實(shí),任有銑5532;金川,李馨77550;茂縣,何鑄,周子琳12721;都江堰,汪發(fā)瓚20900。甘肅:舟曲,王作賓14828;臨潭,黃河隊(duì)3411。

42. 粗壯銀蓮花

Anemone robusta W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 173, pl. 10:15. 1974; in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28:53. 1980; in Vasc. Pl.Hengduan Mount. 1: 516. 1993; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 203. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 320. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1): 5. 2006, et 83(3):151. 2008. Type 云南:維西,alt. 2 500~3 000 m,1935年6—9月,王啟無(wú)67852 (holotype, PE), 63778 (paratype, PE)。

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部(維西、中甸、德欽)和四川西南部(木里)。生于高山草甸上或灌叢中,海拔2 500~4 600 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:中甸,大雪山丫口,alt.4 300 m,楊親二,孔宏智98-273;德欽,換夫坪,alt.3 600 m,王啟無(wú)69018。四川:木里,三區(qū),alt. 4 600 m, 青藏隊(duì)14473。

43. 太白銀蓮花 圖版18: 3-4

Anemone taipaiensis W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 174, pl. 10: 16. 1974; Fl. Tsinling. 1(2): 284. 1974; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 53, pl. 15: 3-4. 1980; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 322. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1): 5. 2006; et 83(3): 151. 2008. Holotype 陜西:太白山,放羊寺,alt.3 200~3 600 m,1937-09,劉慎諤,鐘補(bǔ)求958 (PE)。

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)陜西南部秦嶺山區(qū)(太白山,寶雞)。生于高山草地、多石山坡或陡崖上,海拔2 900~3 700 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 陜西:太白山,alt. 2 900~3 700 m,王作賓1777,劉慎諤,鐘補(bǔ)求839,汪發(fā)瓚182,秦嶺隊(duì)10383,楊金祥910,Zhu-Chen-Xu-Wang 1380,2474;寶雞,陜西中醫(yī)研究所1978。

44. 銀蓮花 圖版18: 5-9

Anemone cathayensis Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 213. 1939; Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 114. 1958; Iconogr. Gorm. Sin. 1: 730, fig. 1460. 1972; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 54, pl. 15: 5-9. 1980; S. Y. He, Fl. Beijing, rev. ed., 1:241, fig. 306. 1984; J. W. Wang in Fl. Hebei. 1: 466, fig. 469. 1986; X. Y. Yu, B. L. Li & Y. M. Li in Fl. Shanxi. 1: 620, pl. 394. 1992; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China 3: 498, fig. 797. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 321. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1): 7. 2006, p. p. excl. syn. A. cathayensis var. hispida Tamura et 83(3): 151. 2008; J. C. Zhao et al. Fl. Xiaowutaishan 1: 315, fig. 286. 2011; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 334. 2016. Holotype 河北:小五臺(tái)山,1914, Y. Nagai 48(TI, non vidi)。

A. demissa Hook. f. & Thoms. var. glabrescens Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 209. 1906; Hand.-Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 181. 1939.

A. narcissiflora L. var. pekinensis Schipcz. in Acta Hort. Bot. Univ. Jurejev. 13: 101. 1912.

A. narcissiflora L. var. chinensis Kitag. in Rep. Ist Sci. Exp. Manch. 4(4): 17. 1935; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor.-Or. 3: 158. 1975. —A. narcissiflora L. ssp. chinensis (Kitag.) Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 213. 1939.

44a. var. cathayensis

分布于中國(guó)河北、山西和河南北部。生于山區(qū)草地、灌叢或林下,海拔1 000~2 500 m。

本種的根可供藥用,用于止血除濕、清熱解毒(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 河北:武安,alt. 1 400 m,關(guān)克儉76;內(nèi)丘,劉瑛12965;淶源,河北農(nóng)大隊(duì)12357;淶水,alt. 1 000 m,劉繼孟2190;小五臺(tái)山,alt.2 000~2 390 m,王啟無(wú)61344,楊朝廣406,段俊喜5290;楊家坪,劉瑛10376;東陵,唐進(jìn)2208;青龍,王忠濤等14-296;霧靈山,劉慎諤等4775,劉繼孟59。北京:百花山,劉冰等686;小龍門,關(guān)克儉74-142;懷柔,海坨山,alt. 1 500 m,懷柔隊(duì)391;東靈山,alt. 2 020 m,段俊喜92。山西:凌川,包士英,嚴(yán)生俊1332;沁源,劉繼孟1416;霍縣,黃河隊(duì)710;介休,Harry Smith 5891,劉繼孟2025。河南:林縣,河南植物普查隊(duì)59-4068。

44b. 毛蕊銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版18: 10

var.hispida Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 114. 1958; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 54. 1980; B. Z. Ding et al. Fl. Henan 1: 478. 1981; S. Y. He, Fl. Beijing, rev. ed., 1: 244. 1984; J. W. Wang in Fl. Hebei. 1: 466. 1986; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 321. 2001. —A. cathayensis f. hispida (Tamura) Kitag. Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 290. 1979. Type 熱河?。?Koryu, 1933-08, T. Nakai, M. Honda & M. Kitagawa s. n. (holotype, TI, non vidi)。朝鮮:Prov. Kannan, Shokori, 1933-07, G. Koidzumi s. n. (paratype, KYO, non vidi)。

分布于中國(guó)河北西部和北部、河南北部,以及朝鮮。生于山地草坡,海拔1 000~2 000 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 河北:淶源,白石山,劉繼孟1628;淶水,劉繼孟2190;小五臺(tái)山,王啟無(wú)61341;涿鹿,楊朝廣826;霧靈山,alt.1 500 m,劉慎諤,傅沛云等4776;東陵,唐進(jìn)1768;承德,南開大學(xué)隊(duì)127。北京:西靈山,楊朝廣1531。

45. 小五臺(tái)銀蓮花 圖3

Anemone xiaowutaishanica? W. T. Wang & Bing Liu in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 46(5): 739, fig. 1. 2008; J. C. Zhao et al. Fl. Xiaowutaishan 1:319, fig. 291. 2011; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China in Colour 3: 405. 2016. Type 河北:小五臺(tái)山,山澗口,alt.1 692 m,山谷石邊草叢,萼片白色,背面淡紫色,2007-09-15,劉冰983 (holotype, PE);同地,2006-09-03,劉冰415 (paratype, PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)河北小五臺(tái)山。生于山谷石邊草叢,海拔1 692 m。

46. 寶興銀蓮花 圖版7: 5-8

Anemone baoxingensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Holotype 四川 (Sichuan):寶興,鄧池溝 (Baoxing Xian, Dengchigou), alt. 3 360 m,林下,花白色 (in forest, fls. white), 1933-06-26,杜大華 (D. H. Du) 4305 (PE)。

Perennial Herb ca. 28 cm tall. Rhizome vertical, ca. 1.8 cm long, 1 cm across. Basal leaves ca. 5, long petiolate; blades papery, cordate-pentagonal, 5-8.5 × 9-10 cm, 3-sect, central segment broadly rhombic, 4.5-6 cm broad,3-cleft, lobes 3-lobed and with lobules narrowly ovate and 1-2-dentate or entire, lateral segments obliquely and broadly rhombic, unequally 2-parted, with upper lobes somewhat similar to central segment; surfaces adaxially appressed-pubescent, abaxially on nerves sparsely pubescent; petioles14-16 cm long, at base narrowly vaginate, with scapes spreading-villous (hairs 3-5 mm long). Scapes ca. 3, 21-27 cm long; cymes umbelliform, 3-flowered; involucral bracts 3, sessile, unequal, broadly rhombic, 4.5-5.5 × 4-5.5 cm, 3-parted, somewhat similar to the central segment of basal leaf, rarely rhombic or narrow-rhombic, 1-2.5 cm broad; pedicels slender, 3.5-4.5 cm long, withsparse hairs. Flower: Sepals 5, white, spatulate, 14-18 × 5-6.5 mm, at apex acute, at base attenuate, glabrous, 5-nerved. Stamens ca. 30, glabrous, filaments linear, rarely lanceolate-linear, 1.2-3 mm long; anthers dark-blue, broadly oblong, 1 × 0.4-0.6 mm, apex obtuse. Carpels 6-9, glabrous; ovaries compressed, elliptic, 2.2 × 1 mm; styles 0.8-1 mm long, straight or slightly recurved; stigmas linear, ca. 0.8 mm long.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川寶興。生于山谷林下,海拔3 360 m。

47. 騰沖銀蓮花 圖4

Anemone tengchongensis? W. T. Wang in Bull. Bot. Res. Harbin 167(2): 160, fig. 1: 5-8. 1996. Holotype 云南:騰沖,狼牙山,alt.3 900~4 000 m,山坡竹林,花白色,1964-06-07,武素功7070 (KUN)。

A. narcissiflora L. ssp. crinita auct. non (Juz.) Kitag.: Ziman in Fl. China 6: 321. 2001.

A. narcissiflora auct. non L. : Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 80(5): 284. 2005.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南騰沖。生于山地竹林中,海拔3 900~4 000 m。

48.? 垂花銀蓮花 圖版19: 1-2

Anemone nutantiflora W . T. Wang & L.

Q. Li in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 8(3): 265, fig. 2: 1-2. 1986; W. T. Wang in Fl. Yunnan 11: 203. 2000. Type 云南:瀘水,片馬丫口,alt. 3 200 m,竹林下,1978-08-03,劉倫輝s. n. (holotype, KUN; isotype, PE)。

A. narcissiflora L. ssp. protracta auct. non (Ulbr.) Ziman & Pedor: Ziman in Fl. china 6: 321. 2001.

A. narcissiflora auct. non L.: Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 80(5): 284. 2005.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南福貢和碧江高黎貢山。生于海拔3 600~3 800 m一帶山地。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:福貢,高黎貢山,1978-07-12,?s. n.; 碧江,海拔3 800 m,1978-07-13, ? s. n.

系2. 復(fù)傘銀蓮花系

Ser. Involucellatae? Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 209, 267. 1906; Tamura in Sci. Rep.Osaka Univ. 16: 22. 1961; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 80(5): 289 2005. Type: A. polyanthes D. Don.

傘狀復(fù)傘花序復(fù)雜,具較多花。

4種,分布于喜馬拉雅山區(qū)、中國(guó)華北東部以及日本,在中國(guó)均有分布。

52. 復(fù)傘銀蓮花

Anemone tetrasepala Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal. 53: 1839; Hook. f. & Thoms. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit Ind. 1: 10. 1872; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 268. 1906; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 55. 1980; et in Fl. Xizang. 2: 84 1985; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 319. 2001; Ziman et al in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1) 10. 2006, et 83(3): 151. 2008. HolotypeKashmir: Jum Boo. 1828, J. F. Royle s. n. (non vidi).

分布于中國(guó)西藏南部,以及克什米爾、巴基斯坦和阿富汗。生于山地林間草地或林下,海拔2 900~3 100 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:吉隆,青藏隊(duì)7013;聶拉木,樟木,張永田,郎楷永4501。

53.? 山東銀蓮花 圖版17: 7-9

Anemone sikokiana? (Makino) Makino in Bot. Mag. Takyo 27: 116. 1913; Tamura & Shimizu in Satake et al. Wild Flow. Japan 2: 68. 1982; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1): 13. 2006, et 83(3): 151. 2008; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China in Colour 3: 403. 2016; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 336. 2016. — A. narcissiflora L. var. shikokiana Makino (in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 8: 172. 1894, nom. nud. ) in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 16: 58. 1902. — Anemonastrum sikokianum (Makino) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 58. 1973. Syntype 日本:Prov. Iyo, Mt. Ishizuchi, 1891-08, L. Doi s. n. (RI, non vidi).

A. chosenicola Ohwi in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 47. 1938.

A. schantungensis Hand. -Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 181. 1939; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 112. 1974. — A. chosenicola Ohwi var. schantungensis (Hand.-Mazz.) Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 110. 1958; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 55, pl. 14: 7-9. 1980.

分布于中國(guó)山東東部、河北北部以及日本。生于山地草叢,海拔600~1 100 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 山東:昆崳山,alt. 900~960 m,劉慎諤,劉繼孟1489,劉繼孟550,PE考察隊(duì)56-2994,劉長(zhǎng)江141;青島,白云洞,F(xiàn). H. Sha 544;嶗山,焦啟元2768,P. Licent 13390,周太炎1290。河北:小五臺(tái)山,?7118。

54. 柄萼銀蓮花

Anemone elongata? D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 194. 1825; Hook f. & Thoms. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 10. 1872; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 268. 1906; Wang, Ziman & Dutten in Fl. China 6: 320. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1): 12. 2006, et 83(3): 151. 2008. — Anemonastrum elongatum (D. Don) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 165. 1973. Holotype: Nepal, 1821, Wallich 4692 (non vidi; photo, PE).

分布于中國(guó)西藏,以及尼泊爾、印度西北部 (fide Ziman et al., 2006)。

標(biāo)本登錄 西藏:Lende Khola, alt.9 500 ft., 1939-07-11, Polunin 861 (BM, non vidi, fide Ziman et al., 2006)。

55. 多花銀蓮花

Anemone polyanthes? D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 194. 1825; Hook. f. & Thoms. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 9. 1872; Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 367. 1886; Forbes & Hemsl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 12. 1886; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 267. 1906; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 81(1): 9. 2006, et 83(3): 151. 2008. — A. narcissiflora L. var. polyyanthes (D. Don) Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 56. 1904. — Anemonastum polyanthes (D. Don) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 165. 1973. Holotype: Himalaya, Wallich 4691b (non vidi).

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部(洱源,fide A. Franchet, 1886, et Ziman et al., 2006),以及巴基斯坦、尼泊爾、不丹、印度北部和緬甸。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:洱源,Mt. Hee-chan-men prope Kan-hay-tze, alt. 2 800 m, 1884-05, J. M. Delavay 1110 (photo, PE); 同地,Mt. Hee-chan-men, Hyra Yangkong, 1887-05-06, J. M. Delavay 110 (K, fide Ziman et al., 2006)。

組5.? 短柱銀蓮花組

Sect.Brachycladus W. T. Wang, sect. nov. Type: A. brevistyla Chang ex W. T. Wang

Ob habitus, sepala 5 vel 6 alba, staminum filamenta filiformia et pollinis grana 6-7-colpata sectio nova haec est arcte affinis Sect. Stoloniferae (Ulbr.) Juz., a qua carpellorum stylis conspicuis rectis ovariis leviter brevioribus, stigmatibus inconspicuis vel conspicuis minutis differt.

Rhizomes subhorizontal or vertical. Basal leaves 2-4, long petiolate, simple and 3-sect or ternate. Cymes 1-flowered; involucral bracts three or two, sessile, 3-parted. Sepals 5 or 6, white. Stamen filaments filiform. Carpels with ovaries densely pubescent and straight styles slightly shorter than ovaries and glabrous; stigmas inconspicuous or conspicuous, but small.

Two species, distributed in western Sichuan Province.

根狀莖近水平或垂直?;~2~4,具長(zhǎng)柄,為單葉,3全裂或?yàn)槿鰪?fù)葉。聚傘花序有1花;總苞苞片3或2,無(wú)柄,3深裂。萼片5或6,白色。雄蕊花絲絲形;花粉具6~7條溝(貢嘎山的花粉尚不了解)。心皮的子房密被柔毛,花柱直,比子房稍短,無(wú)毛;柱頭不明顯或明顯,小。

2種,分布于四川西部。

56. 短柱銀蓮花 圖版20: 4-6

Anemone brevistyla Chang ex W. T. Wang in Acta. Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 162, pl. 2: 4-6. 1974; et in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 16, pl. 3: 4-6. 1980; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 318. 2001. Holotype 四川:天全,1936,曲桂嶺2119 (PE)。

A. baicalensis auct. non Turcz.: Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 296. 2004.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川西部(天全、瀘定、都江堰)。生于山地林邊,海拔約2 200 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:瀘定,磨西鎮(zhèn),alt. 2 280 m,成都生物所植被組30284;都江堰,?960073。

57.? 貢嘎銀蓮花 ?圖版21: 11-13

Anemone gonggaensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Holotype 四川(Sichuan): 康定,貢嘎山,貢嘎寺 (Kangding, Gongga Shan, Gongga Temple), alt. 3 720 m,林緣,花白色 (forest margin, fls. white),2018-07-18,楊永,李海文,楊智,王宇 (Y. Yang, H. W. Li, Z. Yang & Y. Wang) GGS316 (PE)。

Perennial herbs 16-19 cm tall. Rhizomes vertical, ca. 1.2 cm long, at apex 5 mm across. Basal leaves 3-4, ternate, long petiolate; blades 2.5-5.5 × 2.5-6.5 cm; cental leaflet with petiolule 1-10 mm long, broadly rhombic, 2-3 cm broad, 3-parted slightly exceeding the middle of leaflet, central primary lobe rhombic, at apex acute, 3-lobed, central secondary lobe also rhombic and 3-lobed, lateral primary lobes oblique, 2-5-denticulate, lateral leaflets with petiolules 1-5 mm long or sessile, obliquely rhombic, 2-3.6 × 1.4-3 cm, unequally 3-parted; surfaces adaxially and abaxially glabrous or subglabrous; petioles 5-15 cm long, on apex and base with a few hairs, elsewhere glabrous. Scapes solitary, 5.5-12.5 cm long, only on apex with a few hairs; cymes1-flowered; involucral bracts 2, sessile, glabrous, unequal, the larger one broadly rhombic, 3.2-5 × 3-5 cm, 3-parted, and the smaller one rhombic-ovate, 3-4.3 × 2.3 cm, also 3-parted; pedicels slender, 4-6 cm long, appressed-pubescent. Flower: Sepals 6, white, broadly elliptic or orbicular-elliptic, 20-25 × 11-15 mm, glabrous, apex rounded or obtuse. Stamens ca. 100, glabrous; filaments 4-5 mm long, filiform, but near base slightly dilated; anthers yellowish, broadly elliptic, 0.8-1 × 0.5-0.8 mm, apex obtuse. Carpels 20-30; ovaries narrowly ovoid, 1 mm long, densely appressed-puberulous; styles0.6-0.8 mm long, glabrous; stigmas situated on apex of style, ellipsoid, 0.3-0.4 mm long.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川省康定市貢嘎山。生于山地林緣,海拔3 721 m。

組6.? 鵝掌草組

Sect. Stolonifera (Ulbr.) Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 252. 1937; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 15. 1980; Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 42: 179. 1991; et in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV: 341. 1995; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 49, (5): 294. 2004. —Subsect. Stolonifera Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 195, 230. 1905. Lectotype: A. baicalensis Turcz.

Sect. Deinostigma W. T. Wang in Guihaia39(1): 7. 2019. Type: A. weixiensis W. T. Wang.

根狀莖短或長(zhǎng)?;~1~3(~7),稀較多,3全裂,稀3半裂。聚傘花序有1~3(~6)花;總苞苞片3,稀2,無(wú)柄,3深裂或3淺裂,稀不分裂。萼片5。雄蕊花絲絲形;花粉具4~10條溝。心皮的子房被柔毛,稀無(wú)毛;花柱極短或不存在;柱頭明顯,球形,卵球形或陀螺形,稀長(zhǎng)圓形。染色體基數(shù)x=7。

約15種,分布于亞洲東部溫帶和暖溫帶地區(qū)。中國(guó)有10種,廣布于西南、長(zhǎng)江流域、秦嶺山區(qū)和東北諸省,多數(shù)種(6種)分布于西南山區(qū);可劃分為4系。

系1.? 鵝掌草系

Ser. Flaccidae Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 252. 1937; Ziman et al in J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 49 et (5): 297. 2004. Type: A. flaccida F. Schmidt.

根狀莖不生出匍匐莖。基生葉1~3(~7),3全裂。聚傘花序具1~5花。萼片5(~8)。

約6種。

59. 鵝掌草 圖版20: 1-3

Anemone flaccida F. Schmidt in Mem. Acad. Sci. Petersb., ser. 7, no. 2: 103. 1868; Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 366. 1886; Forbes & Hemsl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 11. 1886; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 70. 1904; Pei in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, Bot. ser., 9(1): 3. 1933; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 726, fig. 1451. 1972; Fl. Tsinling. 1(2): 280. 1974; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 16, pl. 3: 1-3. 1980; B. Z. Ding et al. Fl. Henan. 1: 478. 1981; X. W. Wang in Fl. Anhui. 2: 327, fig. 632. 1987; Y. K. Li in Fl. Guizhou. 3: 80, pl. 32: 4-7. 1990; Z. H. Lin in Fl Zhejiang. 2: 279, fig. 2-371. 1992; W. T. Wang in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 187. 2000; et in High. Pl. China 3: 491, fig. 783. 2000; K. M. Liu, Fl. Hunan. 2: 658, fig. 2-515. 2000; S. H. Fu, Fl. Hupeh. 1: 351, fig. 490. 2001; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 310. 2001; W. T. Wang in Fl. Jiangxi 2: 159. 2004; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 277. 2004, et 83(3): 147. 2008; M. B. Deng & K. Ye in Fl. Jiangsu 2: 87, fig. 2: 140. 2013; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 312. 2016. —Anemonoides flaccida (F. Schmidt) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 166. 1973. — Arsenjevia flaccida (F. Schmidt) Starod. Vetrenytry 123. 1991.

— Anemonastrum flaccidum (Fr. Schmidt) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 5. 2018. Holotype俄羅斯(俄國(guó))“Due and the village of Mgachi in Sakhalin, Augustinowicz s. n.”(LE, non vidi)。

A. baicalensis Turcz. var. laevigata Gray in Perry, Narret. Exp. Ch. Jap. 2: 306. 1857; Hand. -Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 175. 1939. — A. laevigata (Gray) Koidz. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 43: 395. 1929.

58a. var. flaccida

分布于中國(guó)云南西北(海拔2 800~3 600 m)、四川(1 500~2 500 m)、貴州(650~1 800 m)、湖北西部、甘肅南部(1 600~2 700 m)、陜西南部(1 100~2 200 m)、湖南(1 000~1 200 m)、江西、安徽南部(930~1 500 m)、江蘇南部和浙江西北部(800 m),以及俄羅斯(俄國(guó))遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)和日本。生于山地林下、草坡或灌叢中。

本種的根狀莖可供藥用,有祛風(fēng)除濕,強(qiáng)壯筋骨之效,用于跌打損傷、風(fēng)濕痛等癥(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:維西,王啟無(wú)63633,馮國(guó)楣3814,楊親二,孔宏智98-437;麗江,秦仁昌20961;鶴慶,秦仁昌23465;蘭坪,蔡希陶53799;大理,楊親二93-70。四川:峨眉山,關(guān)克儉373;寶興,杜大華4867;崇州,馮正波4352;都江堰,馮正波2007-4;安縣,朱大海3733;平武,川大生物系10839。重慶:金佛山,李國(guó)鳳61060;武隆,植物資源隊(duì)59-148;彭水,植物資源隊(duì)59-2904;奉節(jié),周洪富110986;巫山,楊光輝57987。貴州:遵義,黔北隊(duì)284;梵凈山,張志松等401686;凱里,黔南隊(duì)1105。湖北:利川,羅毅波,向巧蘋202;宜昌,龍茹09-42。甘肅:夏河,王作賓1173;舟曲,姜恕407;成縣,王慶瑞11526;天水,王慶瑞11360。陜西:鳳縣,羅毅波10;佛坪,郭本兆1411;太白山,alt.1 100~1 300 m,王作賓6510,傅坤俊2536。湖南:新寧,羅仲春1767;衡山,李明江739。江西:安福,武功山,1929-04-10,鐘觀光s. n. 安徽:金寨,鄧懋彬,郎楷永93-005;岳西,資源植物隊(duì)59-46;績(jī)溪,黃成林932。江蘇:鎮(zhèn)江,H. Migo s. n.;蘇州,凌蘋蘋,孫三省66。浙江:天目山,賀賢育20942;安吉,俞立鵬,鄧懋彬97-69。

58b. 展毛鵝掌草 (變種)

var.hirtella W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 18, 349. 1980; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 311. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 298. 2004. Holotype 湖北:利川,alt. 1 000 m,溪邊,1946-09-04,鄭萬(wàn)鈞,華敬燦871 (PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)湖北利川。生于山地溪邊,海拔1 000 m。

59. 細(xì)莖銀蓮花 圖版28: 5

Anemone rossii S. Moore in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 17: 376, t. 16: 1-2. 1879; Forbes & Hemsl. In l. c. 23: 11. 1886; Kom. in Acta. Hort. Petrop. 22: 264. 1902; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor.-Or. 3: 154. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 18, pl. 16: 5. 1980; S. H. Li, Fl. Liaoning 1: 511, pl. 211: 3-4. 1988; Y. Zhou, Colour. Ill. Pl. Wet Area. NE China 347. 2019. — A. baicalensis ssp. glabrata var. rossii (S. Moore) Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manch. 4(7): 81. 1940; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 312. 2001. — Anemonoides rossii (S. Moore) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 155. 1973. —Arsenjevia rossii (S. Moore) Starod. Vetrenytsy 122. 1991. Described from Fengcheng, Liaoning Province.

A. baicalensis auct. non Turcz.: Ziman et al. J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 294. 2004.

分布于中國(guó)遼寧(鳳城)、吉林東部以及朝鮮北部。生于山地草坡或林下。

標(biāo)本登錄 吉林:安圖,長(zhǎng)白山,1958-05-04,?4128;長(zhǎng)白山,方振富等1289,1350;樺甸,釣魚臺(tái),馬XX323 (IFP)。

60.? 維西銀蓮花 圖版22

Anemone weixiensis? W. T. Wang in Guihaia 39(1): 9, fig. 1. 2019. Holotype 云南:維西,栗地坪,alt. 3 100 m,林間草地,花白色,2008-07-28,楊親二,袁瓊2042 (PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南維西。生于山地林間草地,海拔3 100 m。

61.? 芹葉銀蓮花 圖版21: 1-3

Anemone saniculiformis C. Y. Wu ex W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 164, pl. 8: 7. 1974; et in Fl Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 19. 1980. — A. baicalensis Turcz. var. saniculiformis (C. Y. Wu ex W. T. Wang) Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 312. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79 (5): 296. 2004. Type: 寶興,1954,宋滋圃38347 (holotype, KUN);同地,蒲溪溝,alt. 2 300 m, 1959-05-02,四川經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-245 (paratype, NAS)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川寶興。生于山地路邊林中,海拔2 300~2 400 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:寶興,小燈籠溝,alt. 2 400 m,1958-06,張秀實(shí),任有銑5305。

62. 滇川銀蓮花? 圖版23: 10-12

Anemone delavayi Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 366. 1886; Pl. Delav. 9. 1889; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 66. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 233. 1905; Hand. -Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 175. 1939; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 726, fig. 1452. 1972; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 22, pl. 4: 10-12. 1980; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 188, pl. 55: 7-9. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 311. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jab. Bot. 79(5): 299. 2004, et 83(3): 147. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 316. 2016. Holotype 云南:Mao-kon-tchang prope Ta-pin-tze, alt.2 200 m, 1885-05-18, J. M. Delavay 1504 (P, non vidi; photo, PE)。

A. oligocarpa Pei in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China 9: 3, fig. 1. 1933. —A. delavayi var. oligocarpa (Pei) Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 311. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 299. 2004. Holotype 四川:九龍,alt. 3 000 m,山谷陰地,1939-05-23,鄭萬(wàn)鈞988 (non vidi)。

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部、西藏東南部(察隅)和四川西南部(九龍)。生于山地林下、草坡或溪邊,海拔2 200~3 000 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:貢山,昆明工作站9335;怒江,瀾滄江分水嶺,俞德浚19076;怒江,俅江分水嶺,俞德浚19291;中甸,alt. 2 400~2 700 m,俞德浚11411,11557;維西,王啟無(wú)64559,67814; 麗江,王啟無(wú)71390, 秦仁昌20538。西藏:察瓦龍,松塔雪山,alt. 3 000 m,青藏隊(duì)7742。

63. 福貢銀蓮花 圖版21: 4-7

Anemone fugongensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Type 云南 (Yunnan):福貢縣,匹河 (Fugong Xian, Pihe), alt. 2 910 m,林中,花白色 (in forest, fls. white), 2008-05-15,金效華,張亭 (X. H. Jin & T. Zhang) 61(holotype, PE);福貢縣,鹿馬登 (Fugong Xian, Lumadeng), alt.2 078 m, 2008-05-14,金效華,張亭46 (paratype, PE)。

63a. var. fugongensis

Small perennial herbs 5-9.5 cm tall. Rhizomes vertical, ca. 5 × 3 mm. Basal leaves 1-2, long petiolate; blades thinly papery, cordate-pentagonal, 1.7-3.2 × 2.5-3.7 cm, 3-sect, central segment broad-rhombic, 1.5-2 cm broad, at apex acute, below the middle with entire margins, above 3-lobulate, with lobes 2-4-denticulate, lateral segments broadly obovate or flabellate, as long as or longer and larger than central segment, 2-lobulate or 2-cleft, secondary lobes incised-dentate; surfaces adaxially and abaxially appressed-pubescent; petioles 2-5.8 cm long, with scapes sparsely pubescent. Scapes 1-2, 3.5-7 cm long; cymes 1-flowerd; involucral bracts 3, sessile, broad-rhombic, 5-8 × 5-15 mm,3-lobed, 3-cleft or 3-parted, with lobes ovate, triangular or linear, entire, rarely 1-2-denticulate, sparsely pubescent; pedicels 1.5-3.5 cm long, sparsely pubescent, rarely near apex with dense hairs. Flower: Sepals 5, white, obovate, 5.5-10 × 4-7 mm, on apex rounded, adaxially glabrous, abaxially with sparse hairs, 5-nerved. Stamens 20-25, glabrous; filaments filiform, 2-4 mm long; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm long. Carpels 5-8; ovaries narrow-ovoid, 1.5 × 0.7 mm, densely appressed-pubescent; styles ca. 0.5 mm long; stigmas oblong, 0.6-1 mm long.

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南福貢。生于山地林中或林邊,海拔2 078~2 910 m。

63b. 瀘水銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版28: 6-7

var. lushuiensis? W. T. Wang, var. nov. Type

云南 (Yunnan):瀘水縣,高黎貢山 (Lushui Xian, Gaoligong Shan), alt. 3 000 m,山坡,花淡紫色 (on slope, fls. purplish), 1981-06-03,趙魁義 (K. Y. Zhao) 148 (holotype, PE);瀘水,自片馬至竹節(jié)湖途中 (Lushui, on the way from Pianma to Zhujie Lake), alt. 3 500 m,山坡竹林中,花淡藍(lán)紫色 (in bamboo thicket on slope, fls. bluish-purplish), 1981-05-31,趙魁義103 (PE)。

A. var. fugongensi differt sepalis purpurascentibus, ovariis glabris.

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南省瀘水縣。生于山地山坡上或竹林中,海拔3 000~3 500 m。

系2.? 毛果銀蓮花系

Ser. Baicalenses Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 250. 1937.

— Ser. Stoloniferae. Ziman et al. J. Jap. Bot. 79(1): 49. 2004. — Ser. Stolonifera. Ziman, Kadota & Bulakh in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 294. 2004. Type:? A. baicalensis Turcz.

根狀莖生出一條匍匐莖。基生葉3全裂或3半裂。聚傘花序有1~2花。萼片5~8。

3種。

64. 毛果銀蓮花 圖版23: 1-6

Anemone baicalensis Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 15: 42. 1842; Maxim. in Acta Hort. Perop. 11. 22. 1890; Kom. in l. c. 22: 261. 1903; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 70. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 230. 1905; Pei in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, Bot. ser., 9(1): 2. 1933; Hand. -Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 174. 1939; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor. -Or. 3: 154. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 20, pl. 4: 1-6. 1980; S. H. Li, Fl. Liaoning. 1: 513, pl. 211:? 1-2. 1988; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China 3: 492, fig. 784. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 311. 2001, p. p. excl. syn. A. baicalensis var. glabrata Maxim.; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 294. 2004, p. p. excl. syn. A. rossii S. Moore et A. brevistyla Chang ex W. T. Wang, et 83(3): 147. 2008; X. D. Li, Y. Y. Zan & S. Huang in Fl. Shennongjia 1: 283. 2017. —Anemonoides baicalensis (Turcz.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 115. 1973. — Aresenjevia baicalensis (Turcz.) Starod. Vetrenytsy 122. 1991.? — Anemonastrum baicalense (Turcz.) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 8. 2018. Discribed from central Siberia.

A. ulbrischiana Diels ex Ulbr. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 10: 876. 1929; Fl. Tsinling1(2): 281, fig. 241. 1974.

64a. var. baicalensis

分布于中國(guó)四川北部、重慶北部、湖北西部、甘肅南部、陜西南部、河北北部、遼寧、吉林和黑龍江,以及朝鮮和俄羅斯西伯利亞地區(qū)。生于山地林下、林邊或草坡上,海拔500~3 100 m。

標(biāo)本登錄

四川: 理縣,何鑄12617(SZ);阿壩,alt. 2 965 m, D. E. Boufford等43645。甘肅:文縣,alt. 2 170~2 425 m, D. E. Boufford等37815;舟曲,alt. 3 100 m,王作賓14437;夏河,王作賓7260。陜西:太白山,alt. 2 800 m,楊金祥858,秦嶺隊(duì)10257。河北:?,1929-07-06,P. Licent. 6688。遼寧:草河口,趙大昌等602。吉林:靜寧縣,Tang Ling-yu 12979;長(zhǎng)白山,alt. 910 m,森林組045;撫松,通化組236;威虎嶺,孔憲武1539。黑龍江:小興安嶺,宋朝樞90。

64b.? 甘肅銀蓮花 (變種)

var. kansuensis (W. T. Wang) W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 20. 1980; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 312. 2001.

— A. kansuensis W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 163, pl. 8: 6. 1974. Type 甘肅:武都,alt.2 500 m,1930-06-29,郝景盛432 (holotype, PE);同地,麻柳片,1959-05-14,張志英1447 (paratype, WUK)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)甘肅南部(文縣、武都)。生于山地林下、草叢或溝邊,海拔1 600~2 600 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 甘肅:文縣。alt. 1 600~2 600 m,白水江隊(duì)0179,3812,5240,5312,5487,5765。

64c. 光果銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版23: 7-9

var. glabrata Maxim. Prim Fl. Amur. 18. 1859; Hand. -Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 175. 1939. p. p. excl. syn. A. rossii S. Moore; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chinae Bor. -Or. 3: 156. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 20. 1980; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 296. 2004. — A. glabrata (Maxim.) Juz. In Fl. URSS 7: 197. 1937. — A. baicalensis ssp. glabrata (Maxim.) Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Res. Manch. 4: 81. 1940. — Anemonoides glabrata (Maxim.) Starod. Vetrenystsy 122. 1991. Holotype: “Amur River, near the village of Daiso, C. Maximowicz s. n. (LE, nov vidi).

分布于中國(guó)吉林和黑龍江以及俄羅斯遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)。生于山地云杉林或紅松林邊。

標(biāo)本登錄 黑龍江: 伊春,中德隊(duì)7877,吳征鎰128。

65. 川西銀蓮花 圖版20: 7-10

Anemone prattii Huth ex Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 36, Beibl. 80: 4, fig. 1-2. 1905 et in l. c. 37: 232. 1905; Hand. -Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 175. 1939; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 18, pl. 3: 7-10. 1980; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 188. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 312. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 296. 2004. — Anemonastrum prattii (Huth ex Ulbr.) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 55: 5. 2018. Holotype 四川:康定,alt. 3 000 m, A. E. Pratt 773 (non vidi)。

65a. var. Prattii

分布于中國(guó)四川西部和云南北部(茨開,巧家)。生于山地草坡、林邊或林下,海拔1 700~3 000 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:石棉,謝朝俊39734,40035,40059;天全,蔣興麐33722;二郎山,alt.1 700 m, T. Naito,郎楷永等153;峨眉山,俞德浚361,461,656,楊光輝54210,54266,關(guān)克儉440;馬邊,方文培457;寶興,alt. 2 300 m,經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-247;都江堰,alt. 1 740~2 230 m, 汪發(fā)瓚20845,楊親二95-028。

在上列15號(hào)標(biāo)本中,只有謝朝俊39734和關(guān)克儉440二號(hào)標(biāo)本的根狀莖均生出一條具1枚小塊莖的細(xì)長(zhǎng)匍匐莖,其他13號(hào)標(biāo)本均無(wú)匍匐莖。

65b. 疏毛川西銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版21:8-10

var. sparsipilifera, W. T. Wang, var. nov. Holotype 四川 (Sichuan): 瀘定縣,磨西,小河子溝 (Luding Xian, Mexi, Xiaohezigou), alt. 2 460 m, 路邊林下(in forest by road),2018-05-10,貢嘎山采集隊(duì) (Gongga Shan Exped.) 0412 (PE)。

A. var. prattii differt stolone haud tuberifero, ovariis pilis sparsis 0.1 mm longis obtectis.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川省瀘定縣磨西鎮(zhèn)。生于山地林下,海拔2 460 m。

65c. 涪陵銀蓮花 (變種) 圖版24

var. fulingensis? (W. T. Wang & Z. Y. Liu) W. T. Wang, st. nov — A. fulingensis W. T. Wang & Z. Y. Liu in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 45(3): 290. fig. 1. 2007. Type 重慶:涪陵,大木鄉(xiāng),貓兒溝,alt. 1 420 m, 2006-04-22, 劉正宇,任明波2060366 (holotype, PE);同地,2001-05-06,劉正宇2050007 (paratype, PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)重慶涪陵。生于海拔1 420 m 一帶山地。

66. 紅葉銀蓮花 圖5

Anemone erythrophylla Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 125. 1906; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 19. 1980; et in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 6(4): 378. 1984; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 311. 2001. — A. wilsonii Hemsl. in Kew Bull. 1906: 149. 1906, non Ulbr., 1905. Holotype 四川:無(wú)準(zhǔn)確地點(diǎn),alt. 7~9 000 ft., 1904, E. H. Wilson 3038 (K, photo, PE)。

產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川西部。生于山地陰濕處或石上,海拔1 850~2 700 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:天全,二郎山,alt. 1 850 m,楊亞濱21839。

系3.? 鶴峰銀蓮花系

Ser. Hofengenses W. T. Wang, ser. nov. Type: A. hofengensis W. T. Wang

A sectionis hujus seriebus ceteris differt antheris apice minute mucronatis. In seriebus ceteris, antherae apice obtusae, haud mucronatae sunt.

Rhizome not putting forth a stolon. Basal leaves1-4, 3-sect. Cymes 2-6-flowered. Sepals 5. Anthers on apex minutely mucronate. Carpels 9-19; ovaries hairy; styles very short or absent; stigmas turbinate or ovoid.

本系的花藥頂端具直徑約0.1 mm的小尖頭,據(jù)此可與本組其他系區(qū)別。

根狀莖不生出匍匐莖?;~1~4,3全裂。聚傘花序有2~6花。萼片5?;ㄋ庬敹司咝〖忸^。心皮9~19;子房有毛;花柱極短或不存在;柱頭陀螺形或卵球形。

2種。

67.? 鶴峰銀蓮花 圖6

Anemone hofengensis W. T. Wang in Acta

Phytotax. Sin. 29(5): 163, fig. 3: 6. 1991; K. M. Liu, Fl. Hunan 2: 660. 2000. — A. flaccida F. Schmidt var. hofengensis Wuzhi in S. H. Fu, Fl. Hupeh. 1: 352, fig. 491. 1976, nom seminud; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 18. 1980. —A. flaccida var. hofengensis (W. T. Wang) Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 311. 2001;Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79(5): 298. 2004. Holotype

湖北:鶴峰,小坪,花白色,1958-08-15,李洪鈞6122(PE)。Paratypes (均存PE):湖北:鶴峰,芹草坪,李洪鈞6804;恩施,枚橋,方明淵24828。湖南:桑植,沙地坪,劉林翰9044;桑植,天平山,李丙貴,萬(wàn)紹賓750001。

分布于中國(guó)湖南西北、湖北西南和重慶東北部。生于山地草坡、溝邊或林邊,海拔800~1 800 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 湖南:桑植,八大公山,alt. 1 250 m,北京隊(duì)2494。湖北:鶴峰,alt. 800 m,彭輔松1077;恩施,alt. 1 600 m,周洪富,粟和毅108025。重慶:奉節(jié),alt. 1 280~1 800 m,方明淵24203,24248,張澤榮25046,25325,周洪富,粟和毅108132,108347。

68. 安徽銀蓮花 圖7

Anemone anhuiensis Y. K. Yang, N. Wang & W. C.Ye in J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 7(4): 327, fig. 1. 1989. — A. flaccida F. Schmidt var. anhuiensis (Y. K. Yang, N. Wang & W. C. Ye) Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 311. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 79 (5): 298. 2004. Type: 安徽,青陽(yáng),九華山,天臺(tái),alt. 1 000 m,山谷松林下,1987-04-16,葉文才87103 (holotype, WUBI; isotype, PE), 87101, 87102,? 87114, 87125, 87126,87127 (paratype, WUBI)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)安徽省青陽(yáng)縣九華山。生于山谷松林下,海拔1 000 m。

系4.? 加查銀蓮花系

Ser.? Jiachaenses W. T. Wang, ser. nov. Type: A. jiachaensis W. T. Wang.

A sectionis hujus seriebus ceteris differt foliis basalibus duodecium per plantam. In seriebus ceteris, folia basalia unum ad tria, raro quatuor ad septem per plantam sunt.

Rhizome not putting forth a stolon. Basal leaves ca. 12, 3-sect. Cymes 1-3-flowered. Sepals 5. Anthers on apex obtuse. Carpels ca. 70, glabrous; styles absent; stigmas globose.

本系的每一株具約12枚基生葉,而與本組其他系不同。

根狀莖不生出匍匐莖?;~約12,3全裂。聚傘花序有1~3花。萼片5。花藥頂端鈍。心皮約70,無(wú)毛;花柱不存在;柱頭球形。

1種。

69.? 加查銀蓮花 圖版25: 8-11

Anemone jiachaensis? W. T. Wang in Pl. Divers. Resour. 36(4): 450, fig. 1: H-K. 2014. Holotype 西藏:加查,近縣城,alt. 3 400 m,山谷階地,花白色,1980-08-02,倪志誠(chéng),次多,次旦2734 (PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)西藏加查。生于山谷階地上,海拔3 400 m。

組7.? 直果銀蓮花組

Sect. Pleurocarpus W. T. Wang, sect. nov Type: A. orthocarpa Hand. -Mazz.

Ob achenia glabra 1-vel 4-costata sectio nova haec est similis Sect. Begoniifoliae Tamura, a qua carpellorum stylis brevioribus vel longioribus conspicuis, stigmatibus inconspicuis differt.

Rhizomes subvertical, short and thick. Leaf blades undivided, 3-lobulate or 3-parted. Cymes 1-flowered. Sepals 5, white. Stamen filaments filiform; pollen grains 6-colpate or pantoporate. Carpels glabrous; styles or short, or longer, conspicuous; stigmas inconspicuous. Achenes longitudinally 1- or 4-ribbed. Chromosome basic number x=8.

此組的瘦果無(wú)毛,具1條或4條肋,而與卵葉銀蓮花組(Sect. Begoniifolia)相似,但本組的心皮具明顯的短或較長(zhǎng)花柱,柱頭不明顯,而與卵葉銀蓮花組不同。

根狀莖近垂直,短,粗。葉片不分裂,3微裂或3深裂。聚傘花序具1花。萼片5,白色。雄蕊花絲絲形;花粉具6溝或具散孔。心皮無(wú)毛;花柱短或較長(zhǎng),明顯;柱頭不明顯。瘦果具1條或4條縱肋。染色體基數(shù)=8(Zhang et al., 2015)。

2種。

系1.? 興義銀蓮花系

Ser. Xingyienses W. T. Wang, ser. nov. Type: A. xingyiensis Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang.

Folia basalia 9-20; laminae ellipticae, basi cuneatae, indivisae vel inconspicue 3-lobulatae. Pollinis grana pantoporata. (Zhang et al., 2015) Carpellorum styli breves. Achenia longitudinaliter 1-costata.

1種。

70. 興義銀蓮花 圖版26

Anemone xingyiensis Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang in Bot. Stud. Taipei 50: 493, figs. 1-2. 2009; Q. E. Yang in Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 421 et 422. 2015. Type 貴州:興義,Malinghe,山谷,alt. 1 000 m,喀斯特陡崖濕處,2007-03-25,袁瓊,楊親二1077 (holotype, IBSC, non vidi);同地,2007-04-21,袁瓊,楊親二,劉英678 (paratype, IBSC, non vidi)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)貴州省興義市。生于石灰?guī)r山峭壁上濕處,海拔1 000 m。

系2. 直果銀蓮花系

Ser. Orthocarpae W. T. Wang, ser. nov. Type: A. orthocarpa Hand. -Mazz.

Folia basalia 4-6; laminae pentagonae, basi vadose cordatae, 3-partitae. Pollinis grana 6-colpata. (Zhang et al., 2015). Carpellorum styli longiores, subulati, recti vel apice curvati. Achenia longitudinaliter 4-costatae.

1種。

71. 直果銀蓮花 圖8

Anemone orthocarpa Hand. -Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 176. 1939; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 26. 1980; Y. K. Li in Fl. Guizhou. 3: 80. 1990; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 319. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 149. 2008; Q. E. Yang in Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 422. 2015. Syntypes 貴州西南部:興義,Hoang-tsao-pa, Tien-hsin-chiao (黃草壩,天仙橋),1915-02-27,J. P. Carvalerie 4599 (P, K; isosyntype, PE)。

分布于中國(guó)貴州省興義市以及越南(Zhang & Yang, 2014)。

組8. 卵葉銀蓮花組

Sect. Begoniifolia (Ulbr.) Tamura in Sci. Rep. Osaka Univ. 16: 26. 1967; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28. 25. 1980; Tamura in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17a IV: 335. 1995; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 18, 148. 2008. — Sect. Pulsatilloides ser. Begoniifolia Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 202, 243. 1906. — Pulsatilloides sect. Begoniifolia (Ulbr.) Starod. Syst. & Evo. 124. 1991. —Sect. Rivularium subsect. Begoniifoliae (Ulbr.) Q. E. Yang in Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 421. 2015, p. p. excl. A. orthocarpa Hand. -Mazz. et A. xingyiensi Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang. Type: A. begoniifolia Lévl. & Van.

根狀莖近垂直?;~葉片不分裂或3~5淺裂,稀3全裂。聚傘花序傘狀,有1~7花;總苞苞片無(wú)柄或有柄,不分裂或3全裂。萼片5,白色,粉紅或紫色。雄蕊花絲絲形;花粉具3或6溝,或具散孔(Zhang et al., 2015)。心皮無(wú)毛;花柱短,不明顯;柱頭明顯。瘦果無(wú)毛,具4條細(xì)縱肋。染色體基數(shù)x=8(Hoot et al., 1994; Zhang et al., 2015)。

約6種。分布于中國(guó)西南部,以及緬甸、馬來(lái)西亞、印度尼西亞的蘇門答臘島。中國(guó)有4種,分布于西南山區(qū)。

72.? 卵葉銀蓮花 圖版15: 1-5

Anemone begoniifolia Lévl. & Van. in Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 9: 46. 1902; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 71. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 243. 1905; Pei in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, Bot. ser., 9(1): 5. 1933; Hand. -Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 179. 1939; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 727, fig. 1454. 1972; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 25: 25, pl. 12: 1-5. 1980; Y. K. Li in Fl. Guizhou. 3: 78. 1990; W. T. Wang

in Fl. Guangxi 1: 278, pl. 119. 5. 1991; in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 190, pl. 57: 1-5. 2000; et in High. Pl. China 3: 493, fig. 786. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 319. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 150. 2008; Q. E. Yang in Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 421. 2015; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 321. 2016. Holotype貴州:Touchan 獨(dú)山,1899-04,J. P. Cavalerie 2600 (non vidi)。

A. esquirolii Lévl. in Repert. Sp. Nov. 9: 446. 1911.

分布于中國(guó)云南東南部(海拔1 000~1 800 m)、廣西、貴州(550~1 260 m)、四川東南、重慶南部(300~780 m)。生于山地草坡、陡崖上或林中,海拔300~1 800 m。

本種的根可供藥用,有消腫接骨、止血生肌之效,用于風(fēng)濕關(guān)節(jié)痛、瘡毒等癥(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:富寧,王啟無(wú)87126,88707;文山,蔡希陶51762;麻栗坡,王啟無(wú)86254,稅玉民,陳文紅20311,金效華,劉冰等1017。廣西:?297。貴州:安龍,張志松,張永田2523;綏陽(yáng),鐘補(bǔ)勤417;德江,羅毅波502。四川:筠連,傅德志84-331。重慶:南川,曲桂嶺1685,熊濟(jì)華,周子林90099,李國(guó)鳳60322,傅德志84-03;武隆,劉正宇182536。

73. 河口銀蓮花 圖版29: 8

Anemone hokouensis C. Y. Wu ex W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 168, pl. 9: 9. 1974; in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 26, pl. 7: 9: 1980; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 190. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 319. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 150. 2008; Q. E. Yang in Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 421. 2015. Holotype 云南河口,薄竹箐,alt. 1 200 m, 1953-05-31,闕再旦1237 (KUN)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)云南河口。生于海拔1 200 m一帶山地。

74. 擬卵葉銀蓮花 圖版29: 4-7

Anemone howellii J. F. Jeff. & W. W. Smith in Not. Bot. Gard.Edinb. 8: 78. 1916; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 25, pl. 7: 4-7. 1980; in Bull. Bot. Res. Haibin 3(1): 36. 1983; in Fl. Guangxi 1: 278. 1991; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 189. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 319. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 150. 2008; Q. E. Yang in Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 422. 2015. Holotype 云南:騰沖,E. B. Howell 111 (E; photo, PE)。

A. begoniifolioides W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 167. 1974. Type 云南:文山,alt. 2 300 m, 1947-08-17,馮國(guó)楣17299 (holotype, PE);馬關(guān),蔡希陶57874 (paratype, PE);屏邊,王孝100238 (paratype, IBSC);河口,胡月英143 (paratype, YIM)。

分布于中國(guó)云南西部和東南部、貴州西南部以及緬甸北部。生山谷溝邊或林中,海拔1 200~2 300 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:麻栗坡,金效華,劉冰等1017,王印政等4177,稅玉民,方瑞正,陳文紅21218;屏邊,瑤山區(qū),毛品一4287。貴州:安龍,張志松,張永田2913。

75.? 盤蕊銀蓮花 圖版27

Anemone discoideogyna W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Type 四川 (Sichuan):石棉縣,金窩 (Shimian Xian, Jinwo), alt. 2 179 m,灌叢中,花白色 (in bushes, fls. white), 2018-07-18,朱相云,張若鵬,祖奎玲 (X. Y. Zhu, R. P. Zhang & K. L. Zu) G10222 (holotype and isotype, PE)。

Herbs perennial, 34-45 cm tall. Basal leaves 2-3, 1 simple, the other 1 or 2 compound, 2-3-leafletted, all long petiolate; simple leaf with blade cordate, 6-11 × 5.4-12 cm, 3-lobed, on margin denticulate, adaxially appressed-puberulous, abaxially on nerves with sparse short hairs, and with petiole 7.4-10.5 cm long; compound leaves ternate or 2-leafletted, with lateral leaflets smaller than terminal one, broadly and obliquely ovate, and with petioles 5.5-8 cm long. Scapes 2, 15-21 cm long, with petioles densely puberulous; cymes terminal, 2-7-flowered; involucral bracts 2, shortly petiolate, deltoid-ovate, 2-3 × 2-3 cm, often 3-lobed, on margin denticulate; pedicels 4-14 cm long, densely appressed-puberulous. Besides, a single flower with its pedicel ca. 24 cm long, directly arising from the rhizome apex. Flower: Sepals 5, white, broadly obovate or obovate, 1.9-2.5 × 0.9-1.9 cm, at apex rounded, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely puberulous. Stamens ca. 240, glabrous; filaments filiform, 2-7 mm long; anthers oblong, 1.5-2 × 0.5-0.8 mm. Gynoecium disc-like, 6 mm in diam., consisting of ca. 200 compactly aggregate carpels; carpel 1.5 mm long, with puberulous ovary broad-elliptic, ca. 0.5 mm long and sessile subglobose stigma ca. 0.4 mm in diam., and with a glabrous stipe ca. 0.6 mm long.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川石棉。生于山地灌叢中,海拔2 179 m。

76. 墨脫銀蓮花 圖版25: 1-4

Anemone motuoenis W. T. Wang in Pl. Divers. Resour. 36(4): 449, fig. 1: A-D. 2014. Holotype 西藏:墨脫,那格之西,alt.3 600 m,冷杉林中,花粉紅色,1980-06-25,青藏高原組10307 (PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)西藏墨脫縣。生于山地冷杉林中,海拔3 600 m。

組9.? 二岐銀蓮花組

Sect.Anemonidium Spach, Hist. Nat. Veget. Phan. 7. 1839; Jancz. in Rev. Gen. Bot. 4: 253. 1892; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 206, 261. 1905-06; Tamura in Sci. Rep. Osaka Univ. 16(2): 27. 1967; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 56. 1980; Tamura in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17AIV: 333. 1995; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 139, 150. 2008. Type: A. dichotoma L. — Anemonidium (Spach) Holub in Folia Geobot, Phytotax. Praha 9: 272. 1974. — Anemonastrum Holub sect. Anemonidium (Spach) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 79: 4. 2016.

根狀莖細(xì)長(zhǎng)?;~1~2或不存在,具長(zhǎng)柄。聚傘花序2~3回二歧狀分枝;總苞苞片2或3,無(wú)柄,小總苞苞片2,無(wú)柄。萼片5或6。雄蕊花絲絲形;花粉具3溝。瘦果扁平,每側(cè)具翅。染色體基數(shù)x=7(Ehrendorfer et al., 2001)。

2種,分布于亞洲、歐洲和北美洲溫帶地區(qū)。中國(guó)有1種,分布于吉林、黑龍江和內(nèi)蒙古。

77. 二岐銀蓮花 圖版28: 1-4

Anemone dichotoma L. Sp. Pl. 540. 1753; DC. Prodr. 1: 20. 1824; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 73. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 261. 1906; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 268. 1937; Iconogr. Corm, Sin. 1: 731, fig. 1462. 1972; Fl. Pl. Herb. China Bor. -Or. 3: 156. 1975; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 56, pl. 16: 1-4. 1980; Y. Z. Zhao in Fl. Intramongol., 2nd ed., 2: 463, pl. 187: 1-2. 1991; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China 3: 499, fig. 799. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 310. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 150. 2008; Y. Z. Zhao, Class. Distr. Vasc.? Pl. Inn. Mongol. 162. 2012. — Anemonastrum dichotomum (L.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. Praha 9: 272.1974. — Anemonastrum dichotomum (L.) Mosyakin in Phytoneuron 79: 4, 2016.? Described from Siberia.

分布于中國(guó)吉林、黑龍江和內(nèi)蒙古,以及亞洲北部和歐洲。生于丘陵或低山山坡濕草地,河邊,沼澤中或林中,海拔450~980 m。

本種的根狀莖可供藥用,有舒筋活血、清熱解毒、止痢之效,用于跌打損傷,風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎、痢疾等癥(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 吉林:和龍,延邊二組563;敦化,孔憲武1620。黑龍江:鏡泊湖,安部堅(jiān)太9793;尚志,P. Licent 8879;哈爾濱,王薇等518;呼蘭,P. Licent 8898;北安,東北隊(duì)267;伊春,中德隊(duì)7708;富錦,二龍山,張玉良1635。內(nèi)蒙古:烏蘭浩特,葉建飛09-62811;呼倫貝爾,王戰(zhàn)等641,傅沛云1898;牙克石,東北林學(xué)院隊(duì)86-23;大興安嶺,1954-08,林型組s. n.

組10. 打破碗花花組

Sect.Anemone. W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 27. 1980. —Subgen. Anemone. Tamura in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV: 344. 1995.

基生葉少數(shù)或數(shù)枚,具長(zhǎng)柄。萼片5~10?;ㄋ帉挋E圓形或長(zhǎng)圓形;花絲絲形,或下部稍寬;花粉具3溝具散孔或具散溝,稀具螺旋狀萌發(fā)孔(Xi & Chang, 1964; Ehrendorfer et al., 2009)。心皮數(shù)目常極多。瘦果小,數(shù)目也常極多,形成球形體、卵球形體或圓筒狀體,密被長(zhǎng)綿毛,無(wú)柄或具柄。染色體基數(shù)x=8(Tamura 1995;Ehrendorfer et al., 2001)。

約40種,分布于亞洲、歐洲和非洲北部,以及北美洲和南美洲。中國(guó)有8種,廣布于西部、中部和東北。

系1.? 巖生銀蓮花系

Ser. Rupicolae Tamura ex Chaudhary & Trifonova in Bot. Zhurn. 73: 808. 1988; Tamura in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17a IV: 346. 1995. — A. subsect. Rupicolae (Tamura ex Chaudhary & Trifonova) Starod., Anemone: Syst. Evol. 119. 1991; Q. E. Yang in Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 421. 2015. Type: A. rupicola Camb.

A.sect. Eriocephalus Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Ind. 20. 1855; Tamura in I. c. 345, p. p. Leptotype: A. rupicola Camb.

根狀莖不成塊狀。聚傘花序有1~7花,簡(jiǎn)單,不分枝,或分枝;總苞苞片通常3,與基生葉相似。萼片5~10。瘦果具短柄或無(wú)柄。

約16種。分布于亞洲、歐洲、北美洲和南美洲。中國(guó)有4種。

77. 大花銀蓮花 圖版30: 7-9

Anemone sylvestris L. Sp. Pl. 540. 1753;DC. Prodr. 1: 20. 1824; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 89. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 254. 1905; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 266. 1937; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 729, fig. 1957. 1972; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 33, pl. 6: 7-9. 1980; S. Y. He, Fl. Beijing, rev. ed., 1: 617, fig. 392. 1984; J. W. Wang in Fl. Hebei. 1: 464, fig. 466. 1986; Y. Z. Zhao in Fl. Intramongol., 2nd ed., 2: 685, pl. 187: 3-5. 1991; X. Y. Yu, B. L. Li & Y. M. Li in Fl. Shanxi. 1: 617, pl. 392. 1992; J. G. Liu in Fl. Xinjiang 2(1): 277, pl. 75: 4-6. 1994; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China 3: 495, fig. 490. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 317. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 142. 2008; Y. Zhou, Colour. Ill. Pl. Wet Area. NE China 334. 2019. Described from Germany.

分布于中國(guó)河北北部、遼寧西部、吉林西部、黑龍江、內(nèi)蒙古和新疆,以及亞洲北部和歐洲。生于草原、山地草坡、林邊或多沙坡地,海拔580~2 000 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 河北:張家口,1972-06,烏興曾s. n.;圍場(chǎng),傅國(guó)勛36。北京:延慶,1971-06,延慶隊(duì)158。內(nèi)蒙古:大青山,馬毓泉,吳慶如131;克什克騰旗,楊雅玲277,陳又生14-656;索倫,劉慎諤8249;阿爾山,張玉良350;博客圖,J. Sato 90;呼倫貝爾,王戰(zhàn)等543,770。新疆:哈密,林型組隊(duì)16;富蘊(yùn),新疆隊(duì)10387;博格達(dá)山,新疆學(xué)院植物隊(duì)208;烏魯木齊,西北植物所新疆隊(duì)147;天山,天池,王忠濤29;阜康,洪德元等186;沙灣,關(guān)克儉1278,2302;托里,許小純93-127;綏定,周太炎等65-856;霍城,李安仁,朱家柟10418。

79. 巖生銀蓮花 圖版2: 6-8

Anemone rupicola Camb. in Jacq. Voy. 4: 5, fig. 2. 1838; Hook. f. & Thoms. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 8, 1872; Franch in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 364. 1886; et Pl. Delav. 7: 1889; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 65. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 256. 1905; Pei in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, Bot. Ser., 9(1): 5, 1933; Hand. -Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob 13: 179. 1939; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 11, pl. 5: 6-8. 1980; in Fl. Xizang. 2: 80, fig. 22: 3. 1985; in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 193. 2000; et in High. Pl. China 3: 494, fig. 789. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 318. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 142. 2008. Described from the Himalayan region.

分布于中國(guó)云南西北部、四川西部、西藏東部和南部,以及不丹、尼泊爾和印度北部。生于山地多石礫山坡、草地、灌叢或林下,海拔2 400~4 600 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:德欽,alt. 2 800~4 500 m,王啟無(wú)69463,俞德浚8441,8743,9069,9354,青藏隊(duì)2750;中甸,俞德浚11574,12323,馮國(guó)楣1254;麗江,俞德浚8724,15207,秦仁昌31002。四川:木里,俞德浚5831,6447,青藏隊(duì)14306;鄉(xiāng)城,周仕順6065;得榮,D. E. Boufford等30830;冕寧,武素功2268;康定,劉振書1504;Minya Konka雪山,alt. 4 600 m,1909-06,J. F. Rock 17677;寶興,俞德浚2285,曲桂齡3572,張秀實(shí),任有銑5483。西藏:察隅,青藏隊(duì)271,1085;波密,應(yīng)俊生,洪德元5853;聶拉木,張永田,郎楷永3885,3925,4252;吉隆,吳征鎰等75-674,西藏中草藥隊(duì)533,685。

80. 銳裂銀蓮花 圖9

Anemone laceratoincisa W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 33, 349, fig. l. 1980; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 318. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 142. 2008. —A. rupicola Camb. ssp. laceratoincisa (W. T. Wang) Chaudhary in Bot. Zhurn. 72(6): 824. 1987, et 73(8): 1200. 1988. Holotype ?甘肅:文縣,燕子牙,?125 (CMMI, photo, PE).

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)甘肅文縣。

81. 西藏銀蓮花 圖版29: 1-3

Anemone tibetica W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 32, 349, pl. 7: 1-3. 1980; et in Fl. Xizang. 2: 80, fig. 23: 1-2. 1985; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 38. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 142. 2008; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China in Colour 3: 404. 2016. Holotype 西藏:朗縣,泵村,alt.3 100 m,溝邊,1972-08-18,西藏中草藥隊(duì)4423 (PE)。

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)西藏朗縣。生于山谷溝邊,海拔3 100 m。

系2. 打破碗花花系

Ser. Anemospermos DC. ex Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 205. 1905; Chaudhary & Trifonova in Bot. Zhurn. 73: 808. 1988. Lectolype: A. vitifolia Buch.-Ham. ex DC.

Eriocapitella Nakai in J. Jap. Bot. 17: 267. 1941. — A. sect. Eriocapitella (Nakai) Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 42: 180, 1991; et in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV: 344. 1995. Type: E. japonica (Thumb.) Nakai.

A. subsect. Vitifoliae Starod. in Bot. Zhurn. 74: 1345. 1989; Q. E. Yang in Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 421. 2015. Type: A. vitifolia Buch. -Ham. ex DC.

根狀莖垂直,不成塊狀?;~為三出復(fù)葉或?yàn)閱稳~。聚傘花序2~4回分枝;總苞苞片3,具柄,為三出復(fù)葉或單葉。萼片5。雄蕊花絲絲形。心皮400~500。瘦果小,密被長(zhǎng)綿毛,有細(xì)長(zhǎng)柄。

3種。分布于中國(guó)西南、長(zhǎng)江流域和北部諸省,以及尼泊爾、緬甸和印度北部。

82. 打破碗花花 圖版30: 1-3

Anemone hupehensis (Lem.) Lem. Cat. 176: 40. 1910; Bowles & Stearn in J. Roy.Hort. Soc. 72: 261. 1947; Icongr. Corm. Sin. 1: 728, fig. 1455. 1972; Fl. Tsinling. 1(2): 282. 1974; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 27, pl. 6: 1-3. 1980; B. Z. Ding et al. Fl. Henan. 1: 476. 1981; X. W. Wang in Fl. Anhui. 2: 327, fig. 631. 1987; Y. K. Li in Fl. Guizhouo. 3: 76, pl. 3: 1-6. 1990; W. T. Wang in Fl. Guangxi 1: 280, pl. 119. 5. 1991; Z. H. Lin in Fl. Zhejiang 2: 280, fig. 2-371. 1992; K. M. Liu, Fl. Hunan. 2: 660, fig. 2-516. 2000; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China 3: 493, fig. 787. 2000; S. H. Fu, Fl. Hubei. 1: 350, fig. 487. 2001; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 317. 2001; W. T. Wang in Fl. Jiangxi 2: 160, fig. 160. 2004; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 141. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 322. 2016. —A. japonica (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc. var. hupehensis Lem. Cat. 170: 42. 1908. Described from Hubei Province.

82a. var. hupehensis

82ai. f. hupehensis

分布于中國(guó)四川、云南、廣西北部、廣東北部、貴州、重慶、甘肅南部、陜西南部、河南南部、湖北、湖南、江西、安徽南部和浙江。生于丘陵或低山草坡或溝邊,海拔400~1 800 m。

本種的根狀莖和全草可供藥用,有消腫利濕、消腫散瘀之效,用于消化不良、腸炎、痢疾、瘧疾、瘰疬等癥; 有小毒(謝磊等,2016)。全草可用作土農(nóng)藥,水浸液可防治稻苞蟲、稻螟、棉蚜、蠅蛆等。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:木里,青藏隊(duì)13308;普格,植物資源隊(duì)59-5542;雷波,趙清盛1483;美姑,植物資源隊(duì)59-1364;馬邊,俞德浚5861;峨眉山,?2561;都江堰,朱大海952;汶川,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇1372;茂縣,湯宗孝1507;平武,方文培4438;蒼溪,經(jīng)濟(jì)植物隊(duì)59-5030;萬(wàn)源,李培元4426。云南:維西,楊親二94-70;麗江,橫斷山隊(duì)2685;文山,稅玉民336;西疇,馮國(guó)楣11983。廣西:那坡,王洪6588;凌云,秦仁昌6838;天娥,北京隊(duì)83-3196;九萬(wàn)山,陳少卿15911;興安,李光照15325;龍勝,廣福林區(qū)隊(duì)1076。廣東:地址不明,1928,蔣英1327。貴州:興義,安順隊(duì)650;安龍,張志松,張永田3622;冊(cè)亨,曹子余532;納雍,畢節(jié)隊(duì)304;畢節(jié),禹平華444;金沙,黃昌洪58;習(xí)水,畢節(jié)隊(duì)1550;赤水,畢節(jié)隊(duì)1352;遵義,川黔隊(duì)1175;清鎮(zhèn),川黔隊(duì)1694;貴陽(yáng),安明態(tài)5288;獨(dú)山,荔波隊(duì)1444;凱里,黔南隊(duì)3450;石阡,武陵山隊(duì)2994;梵凈山,簡(jiǎn)焯坡等30355。重慶:縉云山,縉云山隊(duì)171;南川,金佛山,熊濟(jì)華,周子林92741;武隆,劉正宇181309;酉陽(yáng),趙佐成2853;開縣,巴山隊(duì)2551;奉節(jié),周洪富,粟和毅110866;巫山,周洪富109857;巫溪,楊光輝59265;城口,戴天倫105896。甘肅:文縣,何業(yè)祺911;康縣,張志英16743。陜西:略陽(yáng),傅坤俊6042;勉縣,傅坤俊3890;洋縣,郭本兆1844;紫陽(yáng),李培元4911;平利,劉繼孟8476;周至,劉繼孟8740。河南:淅川,林業(yè)廳隊(duì)1460。湖北:來(lái)鳳,李洪鈞7197;鶴峰,李洪鈞6356;利川,傅國(guó)勛1572;巴東,陳權(quán)龍878;秭歸,趙常明931;興山,王作賓11967;神農(nóng)架,神農(nóng)架隊(duì)11405。湖南:新寧,劉林翰152111;武岡,云山,劉林翰20069;芷江,武陵山隊(duì)2013;永順,劉林翰9508;桑植,北京隊(duì)4358;石門,壺瓶山隊(duì)A214;東安,劉瑛826。江西:蓮花,楊祥學(xué)1344;武功山,江西隊(duì)54-992;修水,熊濟(jì)水99-12。安徽:績(jī)溪,葉文才88-101。浙江:天臺(tái)山,賀賢育28254;開化,丁炳楊1250。

82aii. 水棉花

f. alba W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 166. 1974; in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 228. 1980; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 191. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 317. 2001; W. T. Wang in High. Pl. China in Colour 3: 402. 2016. Holotype 四川:寶興,鹽井,alt.1 300 m, 1963-09,關(guān)克儉,王文采13111 (PE)

Paratypes (均存PE) 四川:布拖,胡嘉琪等5529;會(huì)理,俞德浚1366。云南:昆明,毛品一77;大理,蔡希陶58390;德欽,俞德浚10577;鎮(zhèn)雄,禹平華978。

A. vitifolia Buch. -Ham. ex DC. var. matsudai Yamamoto, Suppl. Tc. Pl. Formos. 3: 27. 1906. — A. matsudai (Yamamoto) Tamura in Acta Phototax Geobot. 16(4): 110. 1956.

A. hupehensis var. simplicifolia W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12(2): 167. 1974. Type 四川:寶興,磽磧,alt. 2 400 m,1963-09-06,關(guān)克儉,王文采3071 (holotype, PE);峨眉山,九老洞,1952-09-01,熊濟(jì)華等32288 (paratype, PE)。

?A. elegans Decne. in Rev. Hort. 4 ser., 1: 41, tab. 3. 1852; Hand.-Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 179. 1939. — A. japonica Sieb. & Zucc. var. elegans (Decne.) Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 33: 364. 1886; et Pl. Delav. 9. 1890; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 253. 1905.

A. vitifolia auct. non Buch. -Ham. ex DC.: T. Y. Yang & T. C. Huang in Fl. Taiwan, 2nd ed., 2: 509, pl. 236. 1996.

分布于中國(guó)云南(海拔1 400~3 500 m)、四川西部(900~2 400 m)、貴州西部(1 500~1 980 m)、重慶南部和臺(tái)灣(1 400~2 300 m)。生于山地草坡,灌叢,溝邊,林邊或林下。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:貢山,俞德浚22693;德欽,王啟無(wú)69127;中甸,俞德浚10942,馮國(guó)楣2053;維西,蔡希陶57863,王啟無(wú)58292;福貢,蔡希陶57079;麗江,秦仁昌21261;鶴慶,秦仁昌23367;漾濞,金效華1339;大理,王漢臣1415;祿勸,毛品一1562;富民,邱炳云596018;昆明,鐘觀光2128,劉慎諤14893;屏邊,王啟無(wú)82117;東川,藍(lán)順彬253;大關(guān),滇東北隊(duì)484。四川:峨眉山,杜大華648;石棉,趙佐成3273;瀘定,D. E. Boufford等27409;天全,胡文光,何鑄11857。貴州:興義,安順隊(duì)650;盤縣,安順隊(duì)1222;關(guān)嶺,王文采s. n.; 納雍,畢節(jié)隊(duì)446;大方,畢節(jié)隊(duì)921;黔西,蔣英8827。重慶:南川,金佛山,熊濟(jì)華,周子林93745。臺(tái)灣:南投,C. M. Wang et al. 3309;花蓮,D. E. Boufford等19285,楊宗愈2183;桃園,楊宗愈6251。

82b. 秋牡丹 (變種)

var. japonica (Thunb.) Bowles & Stearn in J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 72: 265. 1947; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 28. 1980; X. R. Lin & X. Z. Zhao in Fl. Fujian. 2: 21. 1985; X. W. Wang in Fl. Anhui 2: 327. 1987; W. T. Wang in Fl.Guangxi 1: 280. 1991; Z. H. Lin in Fl. Zhejiang 2: 280, fig. 2-372. 1992; K. M. Liu, Fl. Hunan 2: 660. 2000; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 317. 2001; R. J. Wang in Fl. Guangdong 5: 17. 2004; W. T. Wang in Fl. Jiangxi 2: 160. 2004; M. B. Deng & K. Ye in Fl. Jiangsu 2: 87, fig. 2: 141. 2013. — Atragene japonica Thunb. Fl. Jap. 239. 1784. — Anemone japonica (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc. Fl. Jap. 1: 15. 1885, non Houtt, 1778; Forbes & Hemsl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 11. 1886; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 252. 1905; Chun in Sunyatsenia 1: 228. 1934, p. p. — A. vitifolia var. japonica (Thunb.) Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 68. 1904. — Eriocapitella japonica (Thunb.) Nakai in J. Jap. Bot. 17: 268. 1941. Described from Japan.

A. scabiosa Lévl. & Van.in Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 11: 47. 1902.

為一栽培品種,在中國(guó)長(zhǎng)江流域及以南諸省區(qū)廣泛栽培,有時(shí)逸出呈野生狀。在日本也有。

83. 大火草

Anemone tomentosa (Maxim.) Pei in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, Bot. Ser. 9: 2. 1933; et Icon. Chin. Medic. Pl. 1: fig. 17. 1955; X. W. Kung, Fl. Lanzhou 252, fig. 187. 1962; Iconogr. Corm. Sin. 1: 728, fig. 1456. 1972; Fl. Tsinling 1(2): 283, fig. 243. 1974; J. W. Wang in Fl. Hebei 1: 464, fig. 467. 1986; D. Z. Ma & H. L. Liu, Fl. Ningxia 1: 191. 1986; X. Y. Yu, B. L. Li & Y. M. Li in Fl. Shanxi 1: 617, fig. 391. 1992; L. H. Zhou in Fl. Qinghai. 1: 339. 1997; S. H. Fu, Fl. Hubei. 1: 350, fig. 488. 2001; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 317. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 141. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 324. 2016. —A. japonica var. tomentosa Maxim. Fl. Tangut. 7. 1889; et in Acta Hort. Petrop. 11: 20. 1890; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 253. 1905. — A. vitifolia var. tomentosa (Maxim.) Finet & Ggagnep in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 69. 1904. — A. elegans Decne. var. tomentosa (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz. in Acta Hort. Gotob. 13: 179. 1939. — Eriocapitella vitifolia var. tomentosa (Maxim.) Nakai in J. Jap. Bot. 17: 270. 1941. Syntypes: 甘肅,1875,P. J. Piasetski s. n. (non vidi);同地,1885, G. N. Potanin s. n. (LE, non vidi, photo, PE)。

分布于中國(guó)四川西部(康定以北,海拔2 000~3 400 m)、重慶(1 700~1 750 m)、湖北西部(500~2 200 m)、青海東部(1 900~2 500 m)、甘肅南部(1 350~1 800 m)、陜西(780~1 800 m)、河南西部(360~2 000 m)、山西(1 100~1 800 m)和河北西部(700~800 m)。生于山地草坡,灌叢,河灘,林邊或林下。

本種的根可供藥用,有化痰、散瘀、消食化積之效,用于勞傷咳喘、跌打損傷、小兒疳積、痢疾等癥; 有小毒(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 四川:雅江,姜恕2673;康定,方文培3637;二郎山,關(guān)克儉1875;寶興,張秀實(shí),任有銑6772;小金,郎楷永,李良千,費(fèi)勇1526;金川,李馨76135;丹八,D. E. Boufford等37947;馬爾康,李馨71929;理縣,趙清盛252;平武,魯麗敏2008-365;松潘,傅坤俊1768;九寨溝,李沛瓊57;若爾蓋,朱大海4411。重慶:開縣,戴天倫101753;巫溪,曲桂齡1738;城口,戴天倫101285。湖北:巴東,傅國(guó)勛,張志松891;神農(nóng)架,236-6隊(duì)2905。青海:循化,周立華s. n.;民和,何廷農(nóng)825;互助,郭本兆9505。甘肅:文縣,郝景盛374;康縣,廉永善96-398;舟曲,何業(yè)祺688;臨潭,王作賓6138;蘭州,何業(yè)祺4945;武山,黃河隊(duì)4615;天水,劉繼孟10450;華亭,王作賓16939;平?jīng)?,陜甘?duì)10110。陜西:洋縣,楊金祥769;寧陜,傅坤俊17622;佛坪,傅坤俊4950;太白山,王作賓1503;終南山,白銀元1171;藍(lán)田,蘇貴興122;華山,郝景盛4176;黃龍山,傅坤俊3092;延安,傅坤俊8149;志丹縣,崔友文10821;靖邊,黃河隊(duì)8035。河南:固始,劉繼孟4723;內(nèi)鄉(xiāng),關(guān)克儉882;西峽,關(guān)克儉1007;欒川,馬成功367;盧氏,河南隊(duì)34483;嵩縣,植物資源隊(duì)15;登封,普查隊(duì)54501;林縣,普查隊(duì)4025。山西:芮城,包世英,嚴(yán)生俊1548;夏縣,劉天慰447,陵川,劉繼孟7630;霍州,黃河隊(duì)851;靈石,劉鑫源21136;中陽(yáng),黃河隊(duì)2090;交城,劉鑫源21358;興縣。黃河隊(duì)2638;蘆芽山,Harry Smith 8157;五臺(tái),關(guān)克儉,陳藝林1989;繁峙,段長(zhǎng)虹402。河北:涉縣,關(guān)克儉5685;武安,關(guān)克儉5800;內(nèi)丘,劉鑫源545;井經(jīng),劉繼孟3917;平山,1971-07,?497;阜平,劉繼孟3262。

84. 野棉花 圖版30: 4-6

Anemone vitifolia Buch. -Ham. ex DC. Syst. 1: 211. 1817; et Prodr. 1: 21. 1824; Franch. Pl. Delav. 9. 1890; Finet & Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 68. 1904; Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 37: 252. 1905; Pei & Chou, Icon. Chin. Medic. Pl. 1: fig. 15. 1955; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 29, pl. 6: 4-6. 1980; in Fl. Xizang. 2: 80. 1985; in Fl. Guangxi 1: 278. 1991; et in Fl. Yunnan. 11: 199, pl 55: 4-6. 2000; Y. K. Li in Fl. Guizhou. 3: 76. 1990; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 317. 2001; Ziman et al. in J. Jap. Bot. 83(3): 141. 2008; L. Xie in Medic. Fl. China 3: 326. 2016. Holotype: Nepal: Lamba, F. Buchuan s. n. (non vidi).

A. vitifolia var. tomentosa Ulbr. in 1. c. Syntypes: Yunnan, Delavay 2818bis; Sikkim, J. D. Hooker s. n. (non vidi).

84a. var. vitifolia

分布于中國(guó)云南西部和中部(海拔1 500~2 700 m)、廣西西部、貴州南部(1 300 m)、四川(2 400~4 000 m)和西藏(2 030~3 000 m),以及不丹、尼泊爾和印度北部。生于山地草坡,溝邊或林中。

本種的根狀莖可供藥用,有止咳止血、理氣殺蟲、祛風(fēng)除濕之效,用于風(fēng)濕骨痛、胃寒痛、跌打損傷、蛔蟲病、小兒疳積等癥;有毒(謝磊等,2016)。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:貢山,俞德浚19495;福貢,高黎貢山隊(duì)27294;大理,蒼山,滇西北分隊(duì)10555;景東,李鳴岡2298;昆明,劉慎諤20230。廣西:那坡,中植聯(lián)廣西隊(duì)4280。貴州:興仁,張志松,張永田7679。四川:理塘,李文華等81-2041;九寨溝,李文華等82-457。西藏:察隅,王啟無(wú)65455;通麥,張永田,郎楷永704;昜貢,應(yīng)俊生,洪德元65-713;墨脫,青藏隊(duì)1833;隆子,青藏補(bǔ)點(diǎn)隊(duì)75-542;錯(cuò)那,任再金369;吉隆,姜恕344。

84b. 綠葉野棉花(變種)

var. subtomentosa Ulbr. in l. c. Syntypes: Northwestern Himalaya, T. Thomson s. n.; Sikkim, Choongthang, 1903-09, D. Prain s. n. (non vidi).

分布于中國(guó)云南(海拔1 350~2 300 m)和西藏東南部(2 000~2 500 m),以及喜馬拉雅山區(qū)西北部和印度北部。生于山地草坡、林邊或林下。

標(biāo)本登錄 云南:貢山,青藏隊(duì)9209;德欽,俞德浚10386;福貢,蔡希陶56629;維西,蔡希陶63076;漾濞,劉慎諤22850;楚雄,李鳴岡84;景東,劉炳云53471;瀾滄,錢義詠3308;石林,稅玉民等64191;屏邊,蔡希陶62597;文山,馮國(guó)楣11360;硯山,王啟無(wú)84154;馬關(guān),稅玉民等31593。

系3.? 塊莖銀蓮花系

Ser. Anemone. — Sect. Anemone. Tamura in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 42: 180. 1991; et in Hiepko, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV: 347. 1995; Ehrendorfer, Ziman, Konig et al. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 160: 312. 2009.

根狀莖塊狀?;~為單葉,3深裂或3全裂,或?yàn)槿鰪?fù)葉。聚傘花序簡(jiǎn)單,具1花,或分枝,具2~3花;總苞苞片(2~)3。萼片5~20。瘦果多數(shù),小,無(wú)柄,被綿毛。

約20種,分布于地中海地區(qū)、中亞地區(qū)和喜馬拉雅山區(qū),以及南美洲和北美洲。中國(guó)有1種,分布于新疆西部。

85. 塊莖銀蓮花 圖版12: 4-6

Anemone gortschakowii? Kar. & Kir, in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 15: 131. 1842; Juz. in Fl. URSS 7: 260, t. 16: 3. 1937; W. T. Wang in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 28: 34, pl. 8: 4-6. 1980; J. G. Liu in Fl. Xinjiang. 2(1): 275, pl. 74: 1-2. 1994; Wang, Ziman & Dutton in Fl. China 6: 318. 2001. — A. biflora DC, var. gortschakowii (Kar. & Kir.) Sinno in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 153: 434. 2007; Ehrendorfer, Ziman, Konig et al. in I. c. 160: 327, fig. 5: G. 2009. Described from Alatau, no specimen cited.

分布于中國(guó)新疆西部和西南部以及哈薩克斯坦。生于山地草坡或多石礫山坡,海拔1 400~3 200 m。

標(biāo)本登錄 新疆:新源,alt. 1 400 m,周太炎65-102;烏恰,alt. 3 200 m,青藏隊(duì)87-0048。

一個(gè)不了解的雜種:

Anemone wilsonli Ulbr. hybrid. Nova (A. altaica Fisch. × baicalensis Turcz.) in Bot. Jahrb. 36. Beibl. 80: 2. 1905. Holotype: 湖北西部,1904-05,E. H. Wilson 1853, p. p. (non vidi)。

從此雜種的形態(tài)描述了解到此雜種的花序總苞苞片3枚,有長(zhǎng)柄,葉片3~5深裂,這種形態(tài)與分布于湖北、四川等省、隸屬西南銀蓮花組(Sect. Anemonanthea)的西南銀蓮花(A. davidii)的總苞十分相似。此外,還了解到其花序有1~2花,花直徑2 cm,萼片5枚,白色,雄蕊花絲絲形,心皮的花柱極短或不存在,柱頭無(wú)柄或近無(wú)柄,上述花序和花的構(gòu)造與分布于湖北、四川等省、隸屬鵝掌草組(Sect. Stolonifera)的鵝掌草(A. flaccida)的花序和花的構(gòu)造頗為相似。在1905年,E. Ulbrich發(fā)現(xiàn)此雜種,至今已過(guò)去114年,在此時(shí)期中,此變種一直未能第二次被發(fā)現(xiàn),可能已經(jīng)滅絕。

新發(fā)現(xiàn)的1新種:道孚銀蓮花,在本文完成后1個(gè)月,我在一批標(biāo)本中又發(fā)現(xiàn)銀蓮花屬特產(chǎn)四川西部的1個(gè)新種。

道孚銀蓮花 (圖10)

Anemonedaofuensis W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Holotype 四川(Sichuan):道孚縣,扎拖鄉(xiāng),鮮水河(Daofu Xian, Zhatuo Xiang, Xianshui River), alt. 2 990 m,山坡灌叢,花紫紅色(in bushes on slope, fls. purple-red), 2019-04-24,張樹仁,李邦澤,林東亮(S. R. Zhang, B. Z. Li & D. L. Lin) 3201 (PE)。

\[Sect. Himalayicae (Ulbr.) Juz.\]

Species nova haec est affinis A. obtusilobae D. Don, a qua plantis humilioribus 9-10 cm altis, cymis 1-floris, bracteis involucralibus 2-3-lobatis vel indivisis, sepalis 5, purpureo-rubris, gynoecio ex carpellis 3-4 constanti differt. In A. obtusiloba, plantae 10-30 cm altae, cymae 1(2)-florae, sepala 5 (-8) alba caerulea vel lutea, et gynoecium ex carpellis 8 constans est.

Small perennial herbs, 9-10 cm tall. Basal leaves ca.10, longpetiolate; bladespapery, broad-ovate, 1.1-1.5(-2.4) × 1.6-1.9 (-2.6) cm, at base cordate, 3-sect, central segment broad-rhombic, 3-lobed, with lobes rotundly 1-3-dentate or entire, lateral segments slightly smaller, slightly obliquelly broad-rhombic or subflabellate. 3-lobed, on both surfaces appressed-pubescent; blades of a few small leaves or broad-ovate, 0.5-0.7 × 0.7-1 cm, at base subtruncate, 3-sect, with rhombic2-denticulate central segment and narrow-obovate undivided lateral segments, or broad-rhombic,0.7 × 0.8 cm, at base broadly cuneate, 3-parted; petioles 2.2-4 cm long, pubescent. Scapes 2-3,4-5.5 cm long, densely pubescent, 1-flowered; involucral bracts 3, 0.8-1.1 cm long, pubescent, or one larger cuneate, unequally 3-lobed, two smaller obliquely oblanceolate, equally 2-lobed, or one larger obliquely cuneate, unequally 2-lobed, with the small lobe narrow-ovate, entire and with the larger lobe 3-lobulate; pedicel 4.5-6 cm long, densely appressed-puberulous. Flower: Sepals 5, purple-red (according to field notes), obovate, broad-elliptic or narrow-obovate, 9-12 × 5-7 mm, at apex rounded or obtuse, inconspicuously 7-nerved, adaxially glabrous, abaxially appressed-pubescent. Stamens ca. 30, glabrous; filaments linear, 0.6-1.5 × 0.5 mm; anthers broad-elliptic, 1-1.2 × 1 mm. Carpels 3-4; ovaries ca. 2 mm long, densely pubescent; styles 1-1.2 mm long, glabrous.

特產(chǎn)于中國(guó)四川道孚。生于山坡灌叢中,海拔2 990 m。

致謝 深切感謝傅德志教授提供銀蓮花屬(Anemone)全部植物名錄;謝磊博士、劉冰博士、韓芳橋先生提供文獻(xiàn);班勤、馬欣堂二先生提供標(biāo)本;孫英寶先生為本文繪圖,并錄入、打印稿件。

參考文獻(xiàn):

CAMBESSEDES J, DECAISNE J, 1844. Plantae rariores, quas in Indiaorientali collegit Victor Jaquemont[M]//V. Jaquemont, Voyage dans lInde 4: 1-183.

EHRENDORFER F, 1995. Evolutionary trends and patterns in the Anemoninae [J]. Plant Syst Evol, 9 (Suppl.):283-293.

EHRENDORFER F, SAMUEL R, 2001. Contributions to a molecular phylogeny and systematics of Anemone and related genera (Ranunculaceae-Anemoninae)[J]. Acta Phytotax Sin, 39(4): 293-307.

EHRENDORFER F, ZIMAN SN, KONIG C, et al., 2009. Taxonomic revision, phylogenetics and transcontinental distribution of Anemone section Anemone [J]. Bot J Linn Soc, 160: 312-354.

FRANCHET A, 1886. Plantae Yunnanenses [J]. Bulletin de la Société botanique de France, 33: 363-367.

FU DZ, 2011. Anemone. Vascular plants of the world [M]. 2nd ed. Qingdao: Qingdao Publishing House, Vol. 5: 651-689.

HANDEL-MAZZETTI H, 1939. Plantae sinenses a Dre. H. Smith annis 921-1922, 1924 et 1934 lectae. XXXIII. Ranunculaceae [M]. Acta Hort Gotoburg, 13: 37-219.

HOOT SB, REZNICEK AA, PALMER JD, 1994. Phylogenetic relationships in Anemone (Ranunculaceae) based on morphology and chloroplast DNA [J]. Syst Bot, 19(1):169-200.

JACKSON DD, 1895. Index Kewensis Plantarum Phanerogamarum [M]. Oxford: The Clarendon Press: Vol. 1.

LIU HJ, HE J, DING CH, et al., 2018. Comparative analysis of complete chloroplast genomes of Anemoclema, Anemone, Pulsatilla, and Hepatica revealing structural variations among genera in Tribe Anemoneae (Ranunculaceae)[J]. Front Plant Sci, 9: Article 1097.

MOSYAKIN SI, 2018. Further new combinations in Anemonastrum (Ranunculaceae) for Asian and American taxa [J]. Phytoneuron, 55: 1-11.

PRITZEL GA, 1841. Anemonarum revisio[J]. Linnaea, 15: 561-698.

TAMURA M, 1995. Anemone[M]// HIEPKO P (ed.).? Die naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien, Zwei Aufl. Berlin: Dunker & Humblot, 17aIV: 324-349.

ULBRICH E, 1905-1906.ber die systematische Gliederung und geographische Verbretung der Gattung Anemone L.[J]. Botanische Jahrbucher, 37: 172-256. 1905; 257-334. 1906.

WANG WT, 1980. Anemone, Anemoclema, Pulsatilla[M]// Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. Beijing: Science Press, 28: 1-56, 60-72.[王文采,1980. 銀蓮花屬,罌粟蓮花屬,白頭翁屬 [M]//. 中國(guó)植物志,北京:科學(xué)出版社,28:1-56,60-72.]

WANG WT, 1995. A revision of the genus Ranunculus in China[J]. Bull Bot Res, 15(2): 137-180; (3): 275-329. [王文采,1995. 中國(guó)毛茛屬修訂 [J]. 植物研究,15(2): 137-180;(3):257-329.]

WANG WT, 2003. A revision of Clematis sect. Clematis (Ranunculaceae)[J]. Acta Phytotax Sin, 41 (1): 1-62.

WANG WT, 2014. Three new species of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) from Xizang[J]. Plant Divers Resour, 36(4): 449-452.[王文采,2014. 西藏銀蓮花屬三新種 [J]. 植物分類與資源學(xué)報(bào),36(4): 449-452.]

WANG WT, 2019. A new section with a new species of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) from Yunnan[J]. Guihaia, 39(1): 7-9.[王文采,2019. 云南銀蓮花屬一新組和一新種 [J]. 廣西植物,39(1): 7-9.]

XI YZ, CHANG KT, 1964. Studies on pollen morphology of Anemone L. [J]. Acta Bot Sin, 12(1): 19-38.[席以珍,張金談,1964. 銀蓮花屬花粉形態(tài)的研究 [J]. 植物學(xué)報(bào),12(1): 19-38.]

XIE L, WANG ZT, CONG X, et al., 2016. Anemone [M]//Medicinal Flora of China. Beijing: Peking University Medicinal Press, 3: 302-337.[謝磊,王崢濤,從瀟, 等,? 2016. 銀蓮花屬 [M]//中國(guó)藥用植物志. 北京: 北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)出版社,3: 302-337.]

YE WC, WANG Y, YANG YK, et al., 1989. A new species of Anemone from Anhui Province [J]. J Wuhan Bot Res, 7(4): 327-328.[葉文才,王宇,楊永康,等,1989. 安徽銀蓮花屬一新種 [J]. 武漢植物學(xué)研究, 7(4): 327-328.]

YUAN Q, YANG QE, 2009.Anemone xingyiensis (Ranunculaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China [J]. Bot Stud, 50: 493-498.

ZHANG Y, HONG Y, REN C, et al., 2015. Palynogy, cytology and molecular systematics of Anemone sect. Begoniifolia (Ranunculaceae)[J]. Plant Syst Evol, 301:411-424.

ZHANG Y, YANG QE, 2014. Confirmation of the occurrence of Anemone orthocarpa (Ranunculaceae) in Vietnam [J]. J Trop Subtrop Bot, 22: 221-224.

ZHU GH (translator), 2001. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (St. Louis Code), Chinese edition [M]. Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press.[朱光華(譯者),2001. 國(guó)際植物命名法規(guī)(圣路易斯法規(guī)),中文版 [M]. 北京: 科學(xué)出版社;圣路易斯: 密蘇里植物園出版社.]

ZIMAN S, KEENER, CS, KADOTA Y, et al., 2004. A taxonomic revision of Anemone L. subgenus Anemonanthea (DC.) Juz. sensu lato (Ranunculaceae) [J]. J Jpn Bot,79(1):43-71; (3): 196-206; (5): 281-310.

ZIMAN S,EHRENDORFER F, KADOTA Y, et al., 2005-2006. A taxonomic revision of Anemone L. section Omalocarpus DC. sensu lato (Ranunculaceae)[J]. J Jpn Bot, 80(5): 282-302. 2005; 81(1): 1-19. 2006.

ZIMAN S, EHRENDORFER F,? KEENER CS, et al., 2007. Revision of Anemone sect. Himalayicae (Ranunculaceae), with three new series [J]. Edinburgh J Bot, 64(1): 51-99.

ZIMAN S,BULAKH EV, KADOTA Y, et al., 2008. Modern view on the taxonomy of the genus Anemone L. sensu lato (Ranunculaceae)[J]. J Jpn Bot, 83(3): 127-155.

收稿日期:? 2020-07-20

基金項(xiàng)目:? 中國(guó)科學(xué)院植物研究所資助王文采院士科研活動(dòng)經(jīng)費(fèi)(110100PZ07) [Supported by the Fund for WANG Wen-tsai Academician Scientific Research of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (110100PZ07)]。

作者簡(jiǎn)介: 王文采(1926- ),中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士,著名植物分類學(xué)家,長(zhǎng)期從事有花植物分類學(xué)研究。

猜你喜歡
中國(guó)分類
垃圾分類的困惑你有嗎
我給資源分分類
按需分類
教你一招:數(shù)的分類
說(shuō)說(shuō)分類那些事
我國(guó)警衛(wèi)反恐怖斗爭(zhēng)對(duì)策研究
淺析當(dāng)代中國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)展的代價(jià)問(wèn)題
肯尼·格雷特,爵士的“中國(guó)”調(diào)子
給塑料分分類吧
新蔡县| 禄丰县| 鄂托克前旗| 丰都县| 株洲市| 黄浦区| 阿图什市| 元江| 阳新县| 平凉市| 长春市| 安福县| 古浪县| 海淀区| 依安县| 清流县| 溆浦县| 宁陵县| 稻城县| 余庆县| 昌宁县| 株洲县| 连云港市| 柳河县| 汾阳市| 福清市| 辛集市| 兴宁市| 九台市| 万盛区| 彭泽县| 雷山县| 丽水市| 昭平县| 三江| 古田县| 汕尾市| 南丹县| 苍溪县| 江永县| 安丘市|