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非沉浸式虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)平臺(tái)下正常視力人群和屈光參差患者的雙眼不平衡狀態(tài)分析

2021-10-14 03:31羅匯慧姜志東林青梅徐莉
新醫(yī)學(xué) 2021年7期

羅匯慧?姜志東?林青梅?徐莉

【摘要】目的 應(yīng)用非沉浸式虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)平臺(tái),探尋屈光參差和雙眼不平衡情況的關(guān)系。方法? 對(duì)體檢人群中不同屈光狀態(tài)的127名志愿者進(jìn)行研究,檢查其屈光狀態(tài)和視功能(非沉浸式虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)平臺(tái)),記錄和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析結(jié)果。結(jié)果 1 Hz頻率的雙眼整合刺激模式下,正常視力組與屈光參差組的雙眼不平衡情況的差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.017),正常視力組中雙眼不平衡(S1)的比例高于屈光參差組,單眼抑制(S2)的比例低于屈光參差組;而正常視力組和近視組、屈光參差組和近視組雙眼不平衡情況差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P均> 0.017)。輕度屈光參差組和重度屈光參差組的雙眼不平衡情況差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P = 0.159)。結(jié)論 在非沉浸式虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)平臺(tái)的檢查模式下發(fā)現(xiàn)屈光參差組和正常視力組雙眼不平衡情況的構(gòu)成有差異,屈光參差者中雙眼嚴(yán)重不平衡的情況更多。

【關(guān)鍵詞】雙眼不平衡;屈光參差;雙眼整合刺激模式

Assessment of binocular imbalance with a non-immersive virtual reality platform between emmetropes and anisometropes Luo Huihui, Jiang Zhidong, Lin Qingmei, Xu Li. Department of Cornea Ophthalmo-logy, Foshan Aier Eye Hospital, Foshan 528000, China Corresponding author, Xu Li, E-mail: xuli21315@ 163. com

【Abstract】Objective To explore the relationship between anisometropia and binocular imbalance by using a non-immersive virtual reality platform. Methods A total of 127 volunteers with different refractive status were recruited during physical examination. The refractive status and visual function (non-immersive virtual reality platform) were examined, and the results were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results Under the frequency of 1 Hz integrated binocular stimulation mode, the composition of binocular imbalance significantly differed among the normal vision and anisometropia groups (P < 0.017). The ratio of binocular imbalance in the normal vision group (S1) was higher, and the ratio of monocular suppression (S2) was lower than that of anisometropia group. The composition of binocular imbalance did not significantly differ between the normal vision, anisometropia and myopia groups (both P > 0.017). The composition of binocular imbalance did not significantly differ between the mild and severe anisometropia groups (P = 0.159). Conclusions Using the non-immersive virtual reality platform, the composition of binocular imbalance significantly differs between the anisometropia and normal vision counterparts. The incidence of binocular imbalance is higher in anisometropia patients.

【Key words】Binocular imbalance;Anisometropia;Integrated binocular stimulation mode

屈光參差被認(rèn)為是在等效球鏡(Se)≥1.00 D的雙眼屈光差。屈光參差引起的雙眼視功能異常會(huì)對(duì)患者的生活和工作產(chǎn)生極大的影響[1-2]。雙眼視知覺(jué)中的雙眼不平衡狀態(tài)為知覺(jué)在雙眼呈現(xiàn)的不同刺激圖像間競(jìng)爭(zhēng),表現(xiàn)為觀察者看到2個(gè)圖像交替出現(xiàn)[3]。本課題組前期通過(guò)回顧性調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)不同程度的雙眼不平衡在正常視力者(雙眼裸眼視力≥0.8且無(wú)眼疾)中占有很大比例,且可能會(huì)讓雙眼交替間歇使用[4]。但雙眼不平衡情況與屈光參差的關(guān)系有待進(jìn)一步探索。本研究收集體檢人群中不同屈光狀態(tài)的志愿者,使用頻率為

1 Hz的雙眼整合刺激模式對(duì)其雙眼不平衡的情況進(jìn)行測(cè)量,探尋屈光參差和雙眼不平衡情況的關(guān)系,為臨床探尋屈光參差的發(fā)生和進(jìn)展機(jī)制提供新的思路。

對(duì)象與方法

一、研究對(duì)象

視覺(jué)系統(tǒng)的物理成份和神經(jīng)成份協(xié)同工作來(lái)形成我們“感知”的圖像,物理成份可捕獲物像的某些細(xì)節(jié),但人們“感知”的圖像可能不完全是眼睛捕獲的東西,神經(jīng)成份的有效表現(xiàn)能增強(qiáng)圖像,但神經(jīng)成份的缺陷會(huì)扭曲或摧毀這些細(xì)節(jié)。視覺(jué)傳導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)中的大細(xì)胞系統(tǒng)主要傳導(dǎo)運(yùn)動(dòng)信息和低對(duì)比度黑白信息(小細(xì)胞系統(tǒng)傳導(dǎo)顏色和高對(duì)比度黑白細(xì)節(jié)的信息)[15]。課題組采用1 Hz頻率抖動(dòng)的檢查標(biāo)圖像(E視標(biāo)和圓圈)來(lái)檢測(cè)雙眼對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)信息的處理情況后發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然正常視力組、屈光參差組與近視組雙眼不平衡情況的平均分布位置差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,但屈光參差組中S2的構(gòu)成高于正常視力組,由此推測(cè)屈光參差可能與大細(xì)胞通路(負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)動(dòng)信息傳遞)功能缺陷相關(guān)。正常視力組中絕大部分的志愿者表現(xiàn)為雙眼不平衡,從雙眼不平衡的表現(xiàn)過(guò)程和其在正常視力人群中普遍存在的這個(gè)現(xiàn)象中推測(cè),雙眼視知覺(jué)中的雙眼不平衡可能會(huì)讓雙眼間歇、交替使用,能更好的表現(xiàn)出雙眼間使用的協(xié)調(diào)性,有助于減輕視疲勞[4, 16]。屈光參差組中,輕度屈光參差組和重度屈光參差組的雙眼不平衡情況的構(gòu)成情況差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,可推測(cè)大細(xì)胞通路的缺陷可能和屈光參差的進(jìn)展關(guān)系不大。但因屈光參差組的樣本量尤其是重度屈光參差的樣本量偏小,這個(gè)結(jié)論有待以后擴(kuò)大樣本量作進(jìn)一步的驗(yàn)證。

綜上所述,雙眼視知覺(jué)中的雙眼不平衡情況在人群中普遍存在且可能會(huì)讓雙眼交替間歇使用。屈光參差組中的雙眼嚴(yán)重不平衡更多,由此可以推測(cè)大細(xì)胞通路(傳輸運(yùn)動(dòng)信息)的缺陷與屈光參差發(fā)生有關(guān),與其進(jìn)展關(guān)系可能不大,但其中的具體關(guān)聯(lián)性還需要更進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大樣本量的臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)。

參考文獻(xiàn)

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(收稿日期:2020-11-20)

(本文編輯:鄭巧蘭)

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