徐州園博會(huì)綜合館暨自然館位于博覽園東側(cè)，東倚山體，西望各城市展園。建筑設(shè)計(jì)以宛若天開為意向，以徐州漢代的層臺(tái)瓊閣為形象，將場地地形與歷史意向緊密結(jié)合，形成補(bǔ)山、藏山、融山、望山之勢。

由于場地環(huán)境復(fù)雜，建筑需要充分彌補(bǔ)因開采而導(dǎo)致山體破壞的自然環(huán)境，并取得和自然的新平衡，從而為整個(gè)園博區(qū)域增色。設(shè)計(jì)通過與自然和諧共生的方式，使建筑充分呼應(yīng)地形并體現(xiàn)地形之勢；在剖面上通過巧妙設(shè)置階梯式的空間，讓參觀者可以從外到內(nèi)、從下至上不斷感受自然的延續(xù)。

設(shè)計(jì)借鑒徐州漢文化中層臺(tái)瓊閣的意象，以鋼木樓閣的方式設(shè)置主展廳，從而與基座空間形成對(duì)比，將光線和自然引入建筑內(nèi)部，形成了天庭望山的效果。同時(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)借鑒漢文化中的苑囿意象，提出依據(jù)環(huán)境而設(shè)計(jì)的補(bǔ)山成房、修宕成臺(tái)的理念，以臺(tái)地景觀連接不同宕口和場地中的不同標(biāo)高，順山而下，修補(bǔ)地形。建筑和景觀依山勢向西層層跌落，為人們提供了綜合館面向園博主展區(qū)的眺望視野?！?/p>

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: 王建國，葛明，徐靜，蔣夢麟，姚昕悅，吳昌亮等/WANG Jianguo, GE Ming, XU Jing,JIANG Menglin, YAO Xinyue, WU Changliang, et al.

合作方/Cooperator: 南京工業(yè)大學(xué)建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院/Architectural Design and Research Institute of Nanjing Tech University

建筑面積/Floor Area: 21,169 m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Time: 2020

竣工時(shí)間/Completion Time: 2021

攝影/Photos: 姚昕悅，魏羽力，潘昌偉/YAO Xinyue, WEI Yulli, PAN Changwei

1 草圖/Sketch

2 鳥瞰/Aerial view（攝影/Photo: 姚昕悅/YAO Xinyue）

3 南側(cè)視景/South view（攝影/Photo: 姚昕悅/YAO Xinyue）

The Complex Pavilion and Nature Pavilion is located on the east side of the Expo Park, with the mountain to the east and the city exhibition parks to the west. Its architectural design, based on the image of Xuzhou high-platform pavilion in the Han Dynasty, successfully combined the topography and history of the area to make full use of its location,making it a harmonious building in the mountain area.

Given the complicated environment conditions of the site, the architecture should well restore the damages caused by mining to the mountain, and achieve a new balance with nature, thus becoming a striking part of the whole Expo Park. By staying true to the principle of harmonious coexistence with nature, the building fully responds to its terrain features in design. For example, the stepped section of the space will enable visitors to feel the continuity of nature from an all-round perspective.

By referring to the image of the high-platform pavilion in Xuzhou Han culture, the design created a main exhibition hall with steel and wood structure, showing a contrast with the base space.Natural light and scenery are introduced into the interior space, allowing visitors to overlook the mountain. Meanwhile, it also drew ideas from the Yuanyou (an enclosed ground for raising animals in ancient China) in Han culture, putting forward the environment-based design concept of building houses by restoring the mountain and platforms by renovating pits. In this way, different platform landscape will be connected on different elevations by different pits and sites, contributing to repairing the mountain terrain. The building and landscape together form descending layers towards the west along the mountain, providing people with a panoramic view in the Complex Pavilion to appreciate the Expo Park.□

4 總平面/Site plan

5 首層平面/Ground floor plan6 二層平面/First floor plan7 三層平面/Second floor plan

8 鳥瞰/Aerial view（攝影/Photo: 姚昕悅）

9 剖面/Sections

10 展廳/Exhibition hall（攝影/Photo: 魏羽力/WEI Yuli）

評(píng)論

馮正功：徐州為華夏九州之一，是兩漢文化的發(fā)源地，山脈起伏，丘陵密布。徐州園博園綜合館項(xiàng)目，以其厚重、莊嚴(yán)、疊落的造型，回應(yīng)了兩漢文化的建筑特征，“補(bǔ)山、藏山、融山、望山”策略的恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用，使建筑與自然融為一體。

中國傳統(tǒng)建筑圖樣中的“側(cè)樣”，類似于現(xiàn)代建筑設(shè)計(jì)中的“剖面”，“ 側(cè)樣”是傳統(tǒng)建筑建造活動(dòng)中用于推敲建筑關(guān)系的重要一環(huán)。綜合館即通過精妙的剖面設(shè)計(jì)，為公眾提供了一個(gè)特別的空間體驗(yàn)。錯(cuò)層的通高展廳在引入陽光、風(fēng)與自然山景的同時(shí)，其頂部鋼木結(jié)構(gòu)的完整呈現(xiàn)及空間的錯(cuò)動(dòng)與滲透，使建筑空間兼具現(xiàn)代性和古典性，與西班牙當(dāng)代建筑師巴埃薩作品中空間與光的應(yīng)用有異曲同工之妙。

兩漢時(shí)期的層臺(tái)式建筑，多以高大的臺(tái)基承托上部木構(gòu)主體建筑。綜合館取其意，以層臺(tái)的手法重構(gòu)場地之肌理，以自然山勢烘托建筑之氣勢，木構(gòu)、坡屋頂與山石的結(jié)合，成功再現(xiàn)了傳統(tǒng)建筑的地域特征。

庭院是中國建筑的另一個(gè)重要元素。綜合館通過前后庭院的植入，解決了建筑基座部分的采光通風(fēng)問題，更通過空間的內(nèi)外交融，回應(yīng)了建筑與自然和諧共生的傳統(tǒng)理念。

從中國傳統(tǒng)建筑中汲取智慧，并用現(xiàn)代語言、現(xiàn)代材料、現(xiàn)代方法進(jìn)行得體適宜的轉(zhuǎn)譯。綜合館的設(shè)計(jì)，為中國當(dāng)代建筑的地域性表達(dá)提供了一種可借鑒的有效途徑。

11 鋼木構(gòu)架與天窗局部/Partial view of steel and timber frame with skylight（攝影/Photo: 魏羽力/WEI Yuli）

12 鋼木構(gòu)架跨越門廳到展廳/Steel and timber frame across lobby and exhibition hall

13 鋼木構(gòu)架單元/Steel and timber frame units

Comments

FENG Zhenggong: As one of the nine prefectures in ancient China, Xuzhou is the birthplace of Han culture,with undulating mountains and dense hills. The Xuzhou Garden Expo Park Complex Pavilion project well demonstrates the architectural characteristics of Han culture with its thick, solemn, and overlapping shape. It appropriately applied the mountain-based strategy to integrate the building with nature.

The "Ceyang" in traditional Chinese architectural drawings, similar to the "section" in modern architectural design, makes sense for examining the relationship between buildings. With an exquisite cross-section design,the Complex Pavilion successfully provided the public with a special experience space, in which sunlight, wind and natural mountain views are introduced into the split-level,high-rise exhibition hall. The perfect presentation of the steel and wood structure on the top and the dislocation and penetration of the space make the architectural space both modern and classic. The application of space and light is reminiscent of the works of the contemporary Spanish architect Alberto Campo Baeza.

In the high-platform buildings of the Han Dynasty,the main timber structure building above is supported by a high platform. Taking this as an example, the Complex Pavilion re-construct the structure of the site with platforms, aiming at setting off the momentum of the building with natural mountains. The combination of timber structures, sloping roofs and mountains and rocks successfully represent the regional characteristics of traditional buildings once again.

The courtyard constitutes another significant element of Chinese architecture. The implantation of the front and rear courtyards not only gives solution to the ventilation problems of the base part of the building, but also integrates the internal and external spaces, responding to the traditional concept of harmonious coexistence between architecture and nature. The Complex Pavilion design, an example that draws insights from traditional Chinese architecture and transforms the traditional elements properly with modern design language and materials, has provided an effective reference for contemporary Chinese architectural design for a better regional expression.

14 鋼木構(gòu)架與天窗局部/Partial view of steel and timber frame with skylight（12-14 攝影/Photos: 潘昌偉 /PAN Changwei）