2023-03-31
一項新的分析表明,“大平原”部落獲得馬匹的時間比一些歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為的要早得多,這與土著居民將馬描述為長期與持久的伙伴關(guān)系保持一致。封面圖上的這幅巖畫來自美國懷俄明州南部的托拉爾遺址,推測可能繪制于17 世紀(jì)早期——現(xiàn)代馬在北美廣泛分布后不久的時候。
A n e w a n a l y s i s s h o w sthat Great Plains tribes acquiredh o r s e s m u c h e a r l i e r t h a nsome historians had thought,c o n s i s t e n t w i t h I n d i g e n o u sd e s c r i p t i o n s o f a l o n g a n denduring partnership with thehorse. This petroglyph, fromt h e T o l a r s i t e i n s o u t h e r nWyoming, probably dates fromsoon after the modern horsebecame widespread in NorthA m e r i c a i n t h e e a r l y 1 7 t hcentury.
2023-04-07
封面圖展示的是一個跨膜G 蛋白偶聯(lián)受體GPR120, 它與一個Omega-3 脂肪酸配體二十碳五烯酸結(jié)合,以亮橙色表示。GPR120 通過膜內(nèi)的緊束縛袋識別含有順式雙鍵的不飽和脂肪酸。有關(guān)配體身份的信息通過受體傳遞給G 蛋白或細(xì)胞內(nèi)的其他信號伙伴。
Thi s i m a g e i l l u s t r a t e s atransmembrane G protein–coupledr e c e p t o r , G P R 1 2 0 , b o u n d t oan omega-3 fatty acid ligand,eicosapentaenoic acid, shown inbright orange. GPR120 recognizesunsaturated fatty acids, whichcontain cis double bonds, througha tight binding pocket withinthe membrane. Information aboutthe identity of the ligand ispropagated through the receptort o a G p r o t e i n o r t o o t h e rsignaling partners in the cell.
2023-04-14
封面圖描繪了各種各樣的精子試圖到達(dá)卵細(xì)胞的場景。一些精子是不正常的,并且其中一些是被修補過的——這暗示著可以通過治療解決某些類型的精子異常問題,從而獲得可存活的后代。相反,一些健康的精子被“墻壁”阻擋,這代表避孕措施。詳細(xì)內(nèi)容請參閱有關(guān)人類生殖學(xué)的特別章節(jié)。
T h i s i m a g e d e p i c t s avariety of sperm trying to reacha n o o c y t e . S o m e s p e r m a r eabnormal, and some of those arepatched up—alluding to treatmentsthat can overcome some types ofsperm abnormalities to achieveviable offspring. Conversely,some healthy sperm are blockedb y w a l l s , w h i c h r e p r e s e n tcontraception.
2023-04-21
封面圖展示的是一只梳狀櫛水母(幼蟲階段),其內(nèi)部神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一部分顯示為黃色和橙色。通過三維分析表明,內(nèi)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的神經(jīng)元形成了一個連續(xù)的膜網(wǎng)絡(luò),而不是通過突觸連接。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)使我們對神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)連通性和神經(jīng)傳遞進(jìn)化的一貫看法產(chǎn)生了疑問。
This image illustrates thectenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi (inthe cydippid stage) with partof its internal nerve net shownin yellow and orange. Threedimensionalanalysis reveals thatneurons of the internal nervenet form a continuous membranenetwork rather than connectingthrough synaptic junctions. Thisfinding challenges the way weth in k ab out th e e volution ofnervous system connectivity andneurotransmission.
(陶 陶 編譯)