倪晨晨
細節(jié),即微小易被忽略的細枝末節(jié)。在初中英語書面表達中,同學(xué)們?nèi)裟芫o扣提示要點,適當(dāng)添加某些細節(jié),則可以豐盈文章內(nèi)容,使表達更加生動。那么,如何添加細節(jié)呢?對此,筆者提出了幾點建議,以期對同學(xué)們的寫作有所幫助。
一、添加事例,增強說服力
正所謂“事實勝于雄辯”,在進行英語書面表達時,同學(xué)們?nèi)裟芙柚鷖uch as,for exam?ple/ instance等詞組列舉事例,對句子進行補充和說明,則可以使抽象的內(nèi)容具體化,從而增強文章的可信度和說服力。例如:
I am very interested in ball games.
→I am very interested in ball games,such as badminton,volleyball and table tennis.
我對球類運動很感興趣,比如羽毛球、排球以及乒乓球。
There are many ways that can help us en?rich our school life.
→There are many ways that can help us enrich our school life.For example/instance,we can play more sports,join interest clubs and so on.
這里有很多方法可以幫助我們豐富我們的校園生活。比如,我們可以多做體育運動,可以參加興趣小組,等等。
從上面兩個句子不難看出,原句較為單調(diào),添加了事例后,使所描述的內(nèi)容更加具體生動,語意表達也更加清晰明了。
二、添加目的,增強邏輯性
在英語書面表達中,同學(xué)們?nèi)裟苓m當(dāng)?shù)靥砑幽康臓钫Z這一細節(jié),則可以增強句子的邏輯性,使語意更加連貫,表達更加高級。 常見的表示目的的方式多種多樣,可以用動詞不定式作目的狀語,也可以用in order to/ that,for the purpose of,so as to,for fear that,in case ,so that等短語引導(dǎo)目的狀語。例如:
She works hard day and night.
→To realize her dream,she works hard day and night.
→She works hard day and night so as to realize her dream.
→In order to realize her dream,she works hard day and night.
→She works hard day and night in order that she can realize her dream.
→She works hard day and night for the purpose of realizing her dream.
為了實現(xiàn)她的夢想,她夜以繼日地工作。
I took a dictionary to hold down the test paper.
→I took a dictionary to hold down the test paper in case it was blown away by the wind.
→I took a dictionary to hold down the test paper for fear that it was blown away by the wind.
我拿了本詞典壓住試卷,以防它被風(fēng)吹
走。
分析上述兩個句子可以看出,原句只是對事實進行簡單陳述,給人以空洞之感,添加了目的狀語后,使句子邏輯清晰,語意豐富,表達連貫。
三、添加情感細節(jié),提高感染力
在英語書面表達中,同學(xué)們?nèi)裟芮‘?dāng)?shù)靥砑右恍┍硎厩楦谢蚯榫w的細節(jié)描寫,自然而然地流露內(nèi)心的真情實感,不僅可以提高句子的感染力,而且可以觸發(fā)讀者的情感共鳴。例如:
I finally learned to ride a bicycle.
→It' s a pleasure that I finally learned to ride a bicycle.
很高興我終于學(xué)會了騎自行車。
→To my great pleasure,I finally learned to ride a bicycle.
令我非常高興的是,我終于學(xué)會了騎自
行車。
→I was really pleased that I finally learned to ride a bicycle.
我真得很高興我終于學(xué)會了騎自行車。
→Pleasingly,I finally learned to ride a bi?cycle.
令人高興的是,我終于學(xué)會了騎自行車。
→What pleasured me most was that I fi?nally learned to ride a bicycle.
最讓我高興的是,我終于學(xué)會了騎自行車。
顯然,添加了表示情感的詞匯后,原本平淡的句子變得生動而富有感染力,讓讀者從字里行間體會到了作者的欣喜、愉悅之情。
當(dāng)然,添加細節(jié)的方式并不只有上述提及的三種情況。在平時,同學(xué)們要多歸納,注意表達方法的提煉和把握,從而提升寫作的質(zhì)量和檔次。