侯朝霞

英語(yǔ)中表示“原因”的方法較多,常見(jiàn)的有以下幾種:

1. because表示直接原因,語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng),常用于回答why引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。because引導(dǎo)的從句大多后置,有時(shí)也可前置。如:

The swimming pool wont be open today because theyre making repairs. 游泳池今天不開(kāi)放,因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)跈z修。

Because I was ill, I didnt go to the meeting. 因?yàn)樯?所以我沒(méi)有去開(kāi)會(huì)。

—Why cant you do it now? 你為什么現(xiàn)在不能做這件事?

—Because I am too busy. 因?yàn)槲姨Α?/p>

2. as多用來(lái)解釋主句的原因,語(yǔ)氣比because弱,多用于日常會(huì)話。as引導(dǎo)的從句大多前置,有時(shí)也可后置。如:

As youre not ready yet, we will wait. 由于你還沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好,我們就等等吧。

I must stop writing now, as I have a lot of work to do. 我現(xiàn)在得停筆了,因?yàn)槲矣泻芏喙ぷ饕觥?/p>

3. since表示上下文中已經(jīng)表述得很清楚的或不言自明的原因,語(yǔ)氣比because弱,但比as強(qiáng)。since引導(dǎo)的從句多前置。如:

Since you have finished your work, lets go now. 既然你把工作干完了,咱們現(xiàn)在就走吧。

Since you cant answer these questions, wed better ask someone else. 既然你不能回答這些問(wèn)題,我們最好還是問(wèn)問(wèn)別人。

4. for為并列連詞,表示附加的推測(cè)出或判斷出的理由,語(yǔ)氣比as弱。for很少用于口語(yǔ)中,所以連接的分句只能后置,表示補(bǔ)充的原因。如:

He must be ill, for he is absent from class today. 他一定是病了,因?yàn)樗裉鞗](méi)來(lái)上課。

It is spring now, for the flowers are out. 春天來(lái)了,百花開(kāi)了。

He must be honest, for he is loved by all. 他一定很誠(chéng)實(shí),因?yàn)樗艿奖娙说膼?ài)戴。

5. because of常用于口語(yǔ)中,重在說(shuō)明某個(gè)結(jié)果的“原因”。because of后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或what從句。如:

She arrived late because of the heavy traffic. (= She arrived late because the traffic was heavy. 因?yàn)榻煌ǘ氯?她來(lái)晚了。

He is here because of you. 他是因?yàn)槟悴艁?lái)這里的。

The girl felt a little tired because of staying up last night. 因?yàn)樽蛱焱砩习疽?這個(gè)女孩覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)累。

She became very angry because of what he said. 她因?yàn)樗f(shuō)的話變得很生氣。

6. thanks to意為“幸虧;由于”,后面可接人稱代詞或名詞,構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ),在句中作狀語(yǔ)。thanks to有時(shí)還可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型或引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。如:

Thanks to your help, we were successful. 多虧你的幫助,我們成功了。

It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game. 正是由于你的愚蠢,我們比賽才輸了。

【專練巴士】

選用because, as, since, for, because of, thanks to填空。

1.______ a sudden rain, we came home with wet clothes.

2. ______ it was late, we had to go home.

3. The letter T is like an island ______ it is in the middle of “Water”.

4. ______ he is busy, I wont trouble him.

5. He didnt come to school yesterday ______ his illness.

6. It is going to rain,______ it is getting dark.

Keys: 1. Thanks to2. As3. because4. Since5. because of6. for