劉鵬

英語單項(xiàng)選擇題具有容量大、考查面廣的特點(diǎn)，設(shè)題靈活。同學(xué)們要做好這類試題，一要具備扎實(shí)的英語基礎(chǔ)知識；二要緊扣語言環(huán)境，抓住關(guān)鍵詞語；三要掌握一些做單項(xiàng)填空題的思路、方法和技巧。

一、尋找關(guān)鍵信息，作出準(zhǔn)確判斷

試題的有關(guān)信息不一定在句子的表面，可能存在于某一個(gè)引人注目的單詞或句子里，所以應(yīng)對此類試題首先細(xì)讀，吃透題干的意思，然后有針對性地捕捉關(guān)鍵的信息，作出準(zhǔn)確判斷。

1. —Hey， Tina. ______ are you going for your vacation？

—Hmmm， I think Im going to Shanghai. （江西?。?/p>

A. How B. Where C. When D. Why

分析：此題的關(guān)鍵信息是答句中所提供的地點(diǎn)名詞“Shanghai”，因此答案應(yīng)該是相對應(yīng)的詢問地點(diǎn)的疑問副詞“Where”，故B是正確答案。

2. —Oh！ Whats the matter？

—Im really ______ all the time. I have no energy. （南昌市）

A. busy B. happy C. tired D. excited

分析：此題的關(guān)鍵信息是“have no energy”，“have no energy”對應(yīng)的單詞是“tired”，因此答案是C。

3. —Hello， Sandy. This is Jack. What are you doing？

—Im watching a match. It started at 7 p.m. and ______ on for another half an hour. （武漢市）

A. has been B. was

C. had been D. will be

分析：此題的關(guān)鍵信息是“another”，如果沒有“another”這個(gè)單詞，那么答案應(yīng)該是A。因?yàn)椤癮nother”意思是“另外的”，表將來，所以本題正確答案為D。

二、分類比較，注意區(qū)別

對于某些題目，如果僅從題干上分析，不一定能弄清楚其考查目。這時(shí)可以采用分類對比選項(xiàng)，結(jié)合題干意義，排除干擾選項(xiàng)的做法來選擇正確答案。

1. —Can you tell me how to make apple juice？

—Sure. Please watch carefully and you will see how it ______. （合肥市）

A. is made B. is making

C. makes D. will make

分析：對A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)只有A是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式，其他三個(gè)都是主動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式。另外，這三個(gè)主動(dòng)語態(tài)形式的選項(xiàng)填上去，在結(jié)構(gòu)上不完整，缺少賓語，因此答案是A。

三、靈活運(yùn)用，避免思維定勢

考題中有很多題目似曾相識，受思維定勢影響，大家很容易作出錯(cuò)誤判斷。受練習(xí)過的題目影響，不少同學(xué)就會(huì)忽視新題與以前練過的不完全相同。

1. —Look at that model ship.

—I know， but it looks like a real one. Its just ______. （太原市）

A. small B. very small

C. smaller D. smallest

分析：不少同學(xué)容易受思維定勢的影響，認(rèn)為比較級和最高級一般會(huì)列出兩者、三者或三者以上比較的人、東西或事情，而本題表面上看，沒有明顯的比較對象，考生容易誤選A。但根據(jù)上下文，可以看出是“that model ship”和“a real one”進(jìn)行比較，故應(yīng)使用比較級，答案為C。

四、把握語境，據(jù)意巧斷

語境一般指語段的上下文，也指語言文字以外的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物以及社會(huì)環(huán)境。因此，我們須充分利用所給的條件，吃透語境、句意，仔細(xì)分析，合理推斷，從而選出最佳答案。

1. —You dont look well. Youd better see the doctor.

—I ______. But the doctor said there was nothing serious. （石家莊市）

A. have B. am C. will D. was

分析：如果沒有語境提示，任意選項(xiàng)都行，但根據(jù)上文“Youd better see the doctor”和下文“But the doctor said there was nothing serious”，說明“已經(jīng)去看過醫(yī)生了”，因此答案是A。

2. —What ______ do you have for Paul？

—I think he should study harder than before. （西安市）

A. news B. advice

C. help D. information

分析：這是一道考查語境的題，如果離開語境，就很難答對題目。根據(jù)答語“I think he should study harder than before”可以判斷這是一個(gè)建議，故答案應(yīng)是B。

五、仔細(xì)鑒別，逐個(gè)排除

所提供的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)似是而非，難于選擇。這時(shí)應(yīng)排除錯(cuò)誤比較明顯的選項(xiàng)，然后把注意力集中到難以確定的選項(xiàng)中去，經(jīng)過分析、篩選，認(rèn)真推敲，得出最佳答案。

1. —What do you think of Lucys birthday party？

—______. I hope I can have such a party too. （南京市）

A. Just so so B. Boring

C. Terrible D. Wonderful

分析：根據(jù)下文“I hope I can have such a party too”可以把選項(xiàng)A、B、C排除。因此答案是D。

2. —I prefer to eat cakes that have cream on top.

—______！ They are delicious. （上海市）

A. Good luck B. Me too

C. I hope so D. Youre kidding

分析：把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的答案分別放入句中，結(jié)合上下文，可以把A、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)排除，得出正確答案是B。

【模擬練習(xí)】

請閱讀下面各小題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

1. —You look worried. Whats your ______？

—I have trouble learning English.

A. name B. question

C. problem D. job

2. Dont do any other things while you are doing your homework. So please ______ your MP3.

A. turn up B. turn down

C. turn on D. turn off

3. —Which of the two T-shirts will you take？

—Ill take ______， one for my brother， the other for myself.

A. either B. neither C. all D. both

4. Go along the street. The museum is just on your right. You cant ______ it.

A. make B. find C. miss D. fail

5. —Do you know ______ the man with sunglasses is？

—Im not sure. Maybe a reporter.

A. who B. what C. where D. how

6. It ______ outside. Youd better take an umbrella with you.

A. rains B. is raining

C. rained D. has rained

7. —Could I borrow your bike？

—_____， but please return it by Saturday.

A. Im sorry B. Of course

C. Let me see D. No， thanks

8. —Susans parents have bought a large house with a beautiful garden.

—It ______ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.

A. must B. might

C. cant D. shouldnt

9. —How about the dishes？

—Fantastic！ Nothing tastes ______.

A. nice B. better

C. terrible D. worse

10. Help others whenever you can ______ youll make the world a nicer place to live.

A. and B. or C. unless D. but

11. —Can I help you？

—I bought this watch yesterday， but it ______ work.

A. wont B. didnt

C. doesnt D. wouldnt

12. —I cant go with you today. There will be a test tomorrow.

—______. Maybe next time.

A. It doesnt matter B. My pleasure C. I dont think so D. Sorry to hear that

13. —Why did you buy a radio？

—______ English.

A. Learn B. Learning

C. To learn D. Be learning

14. —I didnt know you take a bus to school.

—Oh， I _____ take a bus， but it is snowing today.

A. hardly B. never

C. sometimes D. usually

15. I ______ to get there before seven tomorrow， so Ill have to get up early.

A. told B. have told

C. will tell D. was told

16. If the traffic light is red， you ______ cross the road. Its very dangerous.

A. dont B. mustnt

C. neednt D. wouldnt

17. —Why not go to the Great Wall this Saturday？

—Im afraid its not a good ______. Many of us have been there.

A. place B. day C. plan D. idea

18. Jack is afraid of flying. He feels ______ before he gets on the plane.

A. surprised B. excited

C. proud D. nervous

19. —Have you heard the latest news？

—No， what ______？

A. is it B. is there

C. are they D. are those

20. I ______ to Cape Town so I know nothing about it.

A. dont travel B. wont travel

C. havent traveled D. hadnt traveled

21. —What a hot day！ How about going swimming after school？

—______！ Lets ask Daniel to go with us.

A. Thats OK B. No problem

C. Good luck D. Sounds great

22. Were going to the bookstore. You can come with us ______ you can meet us there later.

A. and B. but C. or D. then

23. —Nancy is not coming to the party tonight.

—But she ______ me shed love to.

A. tells B. told

C. had told D. is telling

24. —Do you know ______ the Smiths left Shanghai？

—Im not sure. I only remember it was a Sunday.

A. if B. when C. how D. why

25. ______ more information about the trip， you can go to www.jxtour.com.

A. Find B. Finding

C. To find D. Found

26. —Lets go to the new restaurant on 24th Street for dinner tonight.

—We can cook it at home. Its ______.

A. expensive B. more expensive

C. less expensive D. the most expensive

27. Dont ______ too late， or youll feel tired in tomorrows classes.

A. stay up B. wake up

C. get up D. give up

28. —May I have a glass of beer， please？

—Beer？ Sorry， theres ______ left， but would you like some juice instead？

A. none B. something

C. no one D. nothing

29. —How many cakes can I have， Mum？

—None， dear. They ____ for your father.

A. prepare B. prepared

C. have prepared D. were prepared

30. —Im going back to see my parents this afternoon.

—______.

A. Its very nice of you

B. Youd better hurry

C. Say goodbye to them

D. Give my best wishes to them

31. —It looks like a television. Do you think so？

—Yes， I ______.

A. understand B. know

C. mean D. agree

32. —I dont know how to use this machine.

—It doesnt matter. Here is the ______.

A. instruction B. direction

C. information D. advertisement

33. —Are you going to Beijing by plane？

—Its expensive， but fast. So I am not sure. I ______ take a train.

A. should B. may C. must D. will

34. —What a hot day！ Have you had a drink？

—Yes. But Id like to have ______ after work.

A. it B. one C. other D. another

35. —Do you remember___he came here？

—Of course I do. His father drove him here.

A. whether B. when C. how D. why

36. —I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend.

—I suppose you ______ too fast.

A. drive B. are driving

C. drove D. were driving

37. —______ the socks， Jim. You shouldnt throw them everywhere.

—OK， Mom.

A. Take out B. Take off

C. Try on D. Put away

38. —What should I do， doctor？

—______ healthy， you should take more exercise.

A. Keep B. Keeping

C. To keep D. Having kept

39. —Oh， Marys not here these days. Is she ill？

—______. Her parents told me that she was in hospital.

A. I am afraid so B. I hope not

C. I dont mind D. I dont think so

40. —Nancy， how long does it take to fly to Canada？

—Sorry， I dont know. But I can telephone my father to ______ it for you.

A. do B. check C. catch D. find