Tamedia新辦公樓，蘇黎世，瑞士

2014-02-20 07:37:44建筑設(shè)計(jì)坂茂建筑事務(wù)所

世界建筑 2014年10期

關(guān)鍵詞：木結(jié)構(gòu)辦公樓室內(nèi)空間

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：坂茂建筑事務(wù)所

Tamedia新辦公樓，蘇黎世，瑞士

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：坂茂建筑事務(wù)所

1 夜景/Night view

瑞士媒體公司Tamedia的總部項(xiàng)目位于蘇黎世市中心。項(xiàng)目在一個(gè)大型街區(qū)內(nèi)，占地1000m2。集團(tuán)現(xiàn)在的主要建筑都在這里。

地段朝向街區(qū)的東部，其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于可以朝錫爾運(yùn)河形成近50m的長(zhǎng)立面。

新建筑將大體沿用原建筑拆除后的基底，同時(shí)與附近的建筑形成連續(xù)的立面，并充分利用允許的最大建筑高度，在大樓的這一側(cè)將辦公面積最大化。

大樓的主入口位于韋爾德街與施陶法赫爾港大街的北角，也將成為整個(gè)建筑群的主入口。

大樓地上7層，地下2層?？偸褂妹娣e8602m2。附近的施陶法赫爾港大街8號(hào)大樓屋頂上可以擴(kuò)建2層，再增加1518m2。

從建筑的角度看，方案的一大特征是完全以木構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)構(gòu)體系——在技術(shù)和環(huán)保上也是一大創(chuàng)新。這讓建筑從室內(nèi)空間到城市周邊景觀都具有獨(dú)特的形象。為了突出這一點(diǎn)，建筑的表皮為全玻璃，并特別注意控制能耗水平，保證符合瑞士最新的嚴(yán)格節(jié)能規(guī)范。

在朝向城市的一面，大樓的整個(gè)東立面除了作為節(jié)能設(shè)計(jì)中的“保溫屏”以外，還是一個(gè)通高的“過(guò)渡”空間，以客廳區(qū)和辦公樓各層之間的垂直交通形成了獨(dú)特的空間體驗(yàn)。這些“陽(yáng)臺(tái)”可以用于非正式的會(huì)面和休息。立面上還有特殊的可收起玻璃窗系統(tǒng)，可以讓這些空間“變成”露天平臺(tái)，突出內(nèi)部建筑與其周?chē)坝^之間的和諧關(guān)系。

主體的木結(jié)構(gòu)體系在很大程度上是方案最重要的創(chuàng)新。從技術(shù)和環(huán)保角度看，該木結(jié)構(gòu)是針對(duì)這種辦公樓的特定方案。全部露明的結(jié)構(gòu)元素更為工作空間帶來(lái)了獨(dú)一無(wú)二的特色和高品質(zhì)的空間。

選用木材作為主體結(jié)構(gòu)材料是可持續(xù)性上的一大貢獻(xiàn)。施工中只使用可再生的建筑材料和碳排放最低的產(chǎn)品。此外，全部機(jī)械系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)也達(dá)到了最高節(jié)能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。過(guò)渡空間除了“保溫屏”的作用以外，還是公共空間的一部分，由辦公區(qū)回收的空氣供暖和制冷。（尚晉譯）

The project for the headquarters of the Swiss media company Tamedia is situated in the heart of the city of Zurich in a 1000m2site within a larger urban block where the main buildings of the group are currently located.

The site is positioned towards the east part of the block and has the particularity of developing a linear facade of almost 50m facing the Sihl water canal.

The implantation of the new building basically responds to the footprint of the existing building to be demolished this time, creating continuity with the facades of the buildings beside as well as taking advantage of the maximum allowed height in order to optimize the exploitable office area in this side of the building block.

The main access of the building is situated in the north angle of streets Werdstrasse and Stauffacherquai and will actually become the principal entry of the whole building complex.

The building develops within 7 stories over ground floor with two basement levels for a global net area of 8602m2to which we can add 1518 additional square meters that correspond to the two-floor extension project located on the roof of the neighbor building at number 8 of Stauffacherquai street.

From an architectural point of view one of the main features of the project is indeed the proposition of a main structural system entirely made of timber-a big innovation from a technical and environmental standpoint. It gives the building a unique appearance from the inside space as well as from the city around. In order to reinforce and express this idea, the building skin is entirely glazed and special attention was given to achieve a low energy transmission levels that responds to the latest and strict Swiss regulations on energy consumption.

Facing the city, the building also features an "intermediate" space throughout the whole height of the east facade and plays the role of a "thermal screen" for energy conservation. It also becomes a unique spatial experience with the vertical links between the lounge area and different office stories. These "balconies" can be used as informal meeting and rest areas. On the facade there is a glass retractable window system that "transforms" these spaces into open air terraces that reinforce the harmonious relationship between the interior building and its surrounding landscape.

The main timber structural system is in great extent the most significant innovation of the project. From a technical and environmental point of view, the proposition of timber structure is a unique response to this type of office building. The fact that the structural elements are entirely visible also gives unique character and high quality to the working atmosphere.

Besides the clear contribution to sustainability on the choice of timber as the main structural material (only renewable construction material and the lowest CO2producer in construction process) the global mechanical system has been designed to meet the highest standards in energy issues (Other than "thermal barrier" function, the intermediate space is also part of the public spaces that will be heated and cooled with the extraction air from the office area).

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)/Project Team: Shigeru Ban, Kazuhiro Asami, Gerardo Perez, Takayuki Ishikawa, Masashi Maruyama

協(xié)助建筑師/Associate Architects: Jean de Gastines Architects, Itten+Brechbuhl AG

總承建方/General Contractor: HRS Real Estate AG

主要結(jié)構(gòu)/Main Structure: 木結(jié)構(gòu)，鋼筋混凝土/Timber structure, Reinforced concrete

場(chǎng)地面積/Site Area: 1000m2(總場(chǎng)地面積/Total Site Area: 8000m2)

基底面積/Building Area: 1000m2

總建筑面積/Total Floor Area: 10120m2(新建筑和加建層/ New building and extension floor)

建成時(shí)間/Construction Period: 2013.07

攝影/Photos: Didier Boy de la Tour

2 外景/Exterior view

3 總平面/Site plan

評(píng)論

郝琳：大木作的復(fù)興

在一處具有法式巴洛克風(fēng)貌的項(xiàng)目中，坂茂向建筑工藝高度發(fā)達(dá)的瑞士推介了東方的營(yíng)造美學(xué)——一種類(lèi)似宮殿般雄偉的、結(jié)合非凡精準(zhǔn)隼接構(gòu)造的龐大木構(gòu)空間。毫不例外，坂茂再次強(qiáng)化了他嫻熟的開(kāi)放結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的表現(xiàn)。構(gòu)造表面上并無(wú)太多細(xì)部，而落實(shí)性的細(xì)則，譬如防火設(shè)計(jì)（比如，加入沙的防火空心樓板）、低能耗設(shè)計(jì)、結(jié)構(gòu)荷載的模擬，皆因工程的異常復(fù)雜而深思熟慮。這樣的建筑，在當(dāng)下是劃時(shí)代并深具啟發(fā)的，特別是當(dāng)我們面對(duì)中國(guó)木構(gòu)建筑復(fù)興的重重困境與使命。我們看到的是，坂茂在大木作建筑中的創(chuàng)新，是結(jié)合了先進(jìn)的木材加工技術(shù)、優(yōu)越的防火處理、縝密的場(chǎng)外預(yù)制技藝，以及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)系統(tǒng)組裝施工管理的完整合體。

柳亦春：這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)再次證明了坂茂對(duì)建筑內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和室內(nèi)空間質(zhì)量的重視及其興趣。6層樓的全木結(jié)構(gòu)采用了非常特別的榫卯構(gòu)造節(jié)點(diǎn)，頗有些工業(yè)時(shí)代的構(gòu)造形態(tài)意味。樓板及其設(shè)備架空地板的構(gòu)造和膠合木框架的結(jié)合方式異常清晰，因而完全暴露的結(jié)構(gòu)體系對(duì)室內(nèi)空間的氛圍及質(zhì)量起到了決定性的作用，帶來(lái)了溫暖以及具有手工氣息的室內(nèi)辦公空間。坂茂似乎并不太看重外觀與內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)間的文化關(guān)聯(lián)，格子狀的玻璃外圍護(hù)幕墻雖然和結(jié)構(gòu)的模數(shù)有著很好的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，但是只有夜間室內(nèi)的燈光亮起，人們才能感受到整個(gè)建筑獨(dú)特的氣質(zhì)。

Comments

HAO Lin: The Revival of Carpentry

In a project with French Baroque flavor, Shigeru Ban introduces to Switzerland the oriental architectural aesthetics-a huge space of wood structure with precise joinery, grandeur like a palace. With no exception, once again Shigeru Ban displays his skills in expressing open structure. While the giant structure does not incorporate many details, the implemented technical requirements, such as fire resistance (for instance, hollow fire insulation floors filled with sand), low energy design, and simulation of structure load, are all seriously considered due to the extreme complexity of the project. This architecture is an inspiring landscape of this epoch, especially when we are facing barriers in a path of reviving Chinese wooden architecture. In Shigeru Ban's innovations in wooden architecture, we can see a successful synthesis of advanced wood processing techniques, sophisticated fireproofing treatment, meticulous offsite prefabrication, and on-site assembly and construction management.

LIU Yichun: This design once again proves Shigeru Ban's concern and interest in inner structural and spatial quality of architecture. All six floors are supported by a timber structure with unique tenon and mortise joints, in a form reminiscent of the industrial revolution. The building displays a clear integration of the structure of the elevated floor and the laminated wooden framework. Hence the completely exposed structure defines the internal spatial atmosphere and quality, bringing warmth and a flavor of craftsmanship to this office building. Shigeru Ban seems not to pay much attention to the cultural relevance of the appearance of a building to its inner structure. Although the gridded exterior glass walls match the structural modulus well, passers-by cannot fully appreciate the uniqueness of the building unless with indoor illumination at night.

Tamedia New Office Building, Zurich, Switzerland, 2013

Architects: Shigeru Ban Architects