詞匯短語(yǔ)園地

1. terrify v. 使驚恐，使受驚嚇

The thunderstorm terrified the child.

雷雨把那個(gè)小孩嚇壞了。

His terrifying stories terrified these girls.

他講的恐怖故事嚇壞了這些女孩子。

terrified adj. 恐懼，很害怕

be terrified of sth/doing sth 懼怕某事/做某事

He is terrified of speaking English in class.

他害怕在課堂上講英語(yǔ)。

2. refuse v. 拒絕，回絕

We asked him to come， but he refused.

我們叫他來(lái)，可是他拒絕了。

refuse to do sth 拒絕做某事

He refused to come to the meeting.

他拒絕來(lái)參加會(huì)議。

3. fear n. 害怕，恐懼

（1） 當(dāng)fear作名詞意為“恐懼”時(shí)，多為不可數(shù)名詞。

His voice shook with fear.

他害怕得聲音發(fā)抖。

（2） 當(dāng)fear作名詞意為“憂(yōu)慮；擔(dān)心的事”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞。

There is no reason for your fears.

你沒(méi)有理由擔(dān)心。

1） for fear of （由于怕）以防……

Shut the window for fear of catching a cold.

關(guān)閉窗戶(hù)以免感冒。

2） in fear of 擔(dān)心/害怕……

The thief passed the day in fear of being discovered.

這個(gè)小偷整天提心吊膽害怕被發(fā)現(xiàn)。

4. cure v. 治愈，治好（病人或動(dòng)物）；治好（疾?。?/p>

Penicillin cured him of pneumonia.

青霉素治愈了他的肺炎。

比較：cure和heal的區(qū)別

（1） cure一般用于疾病方面的治愈；除了人或動(dòng)物的疾病外，cure也可用于其他能夠“出毛病”的事或物。

TB is a serious illness， but it can be cured.

肺結(jié)核雖然是一種嚴(yán)重的疾病，但是可以治愈。

I finally managed to cure the rattling noise in my car.

我最終設(shè)法解決了我的汽車(chē)發(fā)出的咯咯響聲。

（2） heal也表示“治愈，復(fù)原”之意，但多半用在外傷傷口的治愈；heal也用在精神上的“醫(yī)治”。

The cut will soon heal up/heal over.

傷口很快就會(huì)愈合。

Time heals all sorrows.

時(shí)間可以治愈一切憂(yōu)傷。

5. resist v. 抵抗，反抗；抗拒；忍耐，忍住

（1） resist表示“抵抗，反抗；抗拒”時(shí)，既可作及物動(dòng)詞，也可作不及物動(dòng)詞。

The nation was unable to resist the invasion.

該國(guó)無(wú)力抵抗侵略。

If the enemy continue to resist， wipe them out.

如果敵人繼續(xù)抵抗，就把他們消滅掉。

（2） resist表示“抵擋；保持原狀；不受……傷害；抗酸，耐熱”等時(shí)為及物動(dòng)詞，后面通常接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。

The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.

銀行強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)降低利率。

This special coating is designed to resist rust.

這一特別的涂層旨在抗銹。

（3） resist表示“忍耐，忍受”時(shí)作及物動(dòng)詞，常用于否定句，可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式，也可作不及物動(dòng)詞。

I couldnt resist the temptation to tease Ollie.

我忍不住要逗奧利玩。

I couldnt resist telling him the secret.

我克制不住只得把秘密告訴了他。

6. accompany v. 陪伴，陪同；附有；伴奏

Who will accompany you to the airport？

誰(shuí)將陪你去機(jī)場(chǎng)？

The well-known singer was accompanied at the electronic organ by his primary school teacher.

那位著名歌唱家的小學(xué)老師用電子風(fēng)琴為他伴奏。

7. absorb v. 吸收（液體，氣體，光，聲等）；汲

取，理解（知識(shí)等）；使全神貫注，吸引（注意

等）；合并（公司等），吞并；承受，經(jīng)受

Cotton gloves absorb sweat.

棉手套吸汗。

So many good ideas！ Its too much for me to absorb all at once.

這么多好主意！太多了，我很難一下子完全吸收。

The old man was utterly absorbed in the book.

老人全神貫注地讀這本書(shū)。

Small businesses are absorbed by big ones.

小公司被大公司吞并了。

She wont be able to absorb another heavy blow.

她無(wú)力承受再一次的沉重打擊。

8. arise v.（問(wèn)題、困難等）發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；升起，上升

Between the copartners serious disagreements arose.

合伙人之間產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)重分歧。

Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.

在他們進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)的過(guò)程中，出現(xiàn)了意想不到的困難。

A heavy mist arose from the lake.

湖面起了濃霧。

9. burn out （火）燃盡，燒完自滅；燒掉（家、

店、財(cái)產(chǎn)等）；燒壞（電燈泡、電器）；（怒氣

等）消失；（因工作過(guò)度等）垮下，精疲力盡

The fire had burnt （itself） out before the fire engines arrived.

消防車(chē)到達(dá)之前火就熄滅了。

The fire burned out his shop and left him deep in debt.

火燒掉了他的商店，使他負(fù)債累累。

The electric light bulb burned out.

電燈泡燒壞了。

Their anger seems to have burned out.

他們的憤怒似乎已經(jīng)平息了。

Youll burn yourself out if you go on working at this rate.

如果你繼續(xù)這樣干下去，你的身體會(huì)垮掉的。

10. by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地

Ive poured coffee into your cup by mistake.

我錯(cuò)把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。

Tom must have taken your dictionary by mistake.

湯姆一定是弄錯(cuò)了才拿了你的字典。

11. treat...as 把……當(dāng)成……對(duì)待

Do not treat this serious matter as a joke.

不要把這件嚴(yán)肅的事情當(dāng)作笑料。

He was treated as a hero on his release from prison.

他獲釋出獄時(shí)被當(dāng)成英雄看待。

12. （be） identical to 和……一樣，與……一致

Your appearance is identical to hers.

你的相貌和她的一模一樣。

This picture is identical to the one my mother has.

這張照片和我母親的那張一模一樣。

13. knock out 摧毀；擊昏；從比賽中排除；磕干

凈；使震驚，使驚得發(fā)呆；使（某人）疲勞，

使（某人）累垮；盡最大努力，竭盡全力

The telephone communications were knocked out by the storm.

電話(huà)線(xiàn)被風(fēng)暴摧毀了。

He received a blow on the head which knocked him out.

他頭上被打了一拳就昏倒了。

He has now knocked out most of the other competitors.

他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)壓倒了大多數(shù)其他競(jìng)賽對(duì)手。

After knocking out his pipe， the old man went on with his story.

老人把煙斗里的煙灰磕干凈后又繼續(xù)講故事。

The beautiful scenery really knocks me out.

這美麗的景色簡(jiǎn)直把我給迷住了。

He knocked himself out with excessive work.

他工作過(guò)度，把身體累垮了。

He knocked himself out cramming for the exams.

他正竭盡全力趕功課準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)試。

14. get out of control 擺脫控制；無(wú)法管理

The noise frightened the horse and it got out of control.

馬被響聲驚著了而無(wú)法控制。

The carriage got out of control and ran over a pedestrian.

那部馬車(chē)失去了控制，碾過(guò)一個(gè)行人。

1） be in control （of sth） 掌管；管理；控制

2） be under control 被控制??；處于控制之下

3） bring/get/keep sth under control 控制；抑制

4） lose control （of ） 失去控制

5） take control of 掌控

15. break down 分解

Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.

水可以分解為氫和氧。

The population breaks down into three main groups.

人口可分成三個(gè)主要的族群。

16. as far as we know 據(jù)我們所知

As far as we know， the earth is the only planet with life on it.

就我們所知，地球是唯一的有生命存在的行星。

As far as we know， no one has ever gotten sick by eating infected mutton.

正如我們所了解的那樣，沒(méi)有一個(gè)人因吃染病的羊肉而得病。

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

A

“High tech” and “state of the art” are two expressions that describe very modern technology. High tech is just a shorter way of saying high technology. And high technology describes any invention， system or device （設(shè)備） that uses the newest ideas or discoveries of science and engineering.

What is high tech？ A computer is high tech. So is a communication satellite. A modern manufacturing （制造業(yè)的） system is surely high tech.

High tech became a popular expression in the United States during the early 1980s. Because of improvements in technology， people could buy many new kinds of products in American stores， such as home computers， microwave ovens， etc.

“State of the art” is something that is as modern as possible. It is a product that is based on the very latest methods and technology. Something that is “state of the art” is the newest possible design or product of a business or industry. A state of the art television set， for example， uses the most modern electronic design and parts. It is the best that one can buy.

“State of the art” is not a new expression. Engineers have used it for years to describe the best and most modern way of doing something.

Millions of Americans began to use the expression in the late 1970s. The reason was the computer revolution （計(jì)算機(jī)革命）. Every computer company claimed that its computers were “state of the art”.

Computer technology changes so fast that a state of the art computer today might be old tomorrow. The expression “state of the art” has become as common and popular as computers themselves. Now all kinds of products are said to be “state of the art”.

1. What do “high tech” and “state of the art” describe？

A. Modern art. B. Home computers.

C. Very modern technology. D. Education in the future.

2. Millions of Americans began to use “state of the art” because of ___ .

A. engineers B. the latest technology

C. the computer revolution D. new kinds of products

3. What can we infer from the passage？

A. A wooden spoon is “state of the art”.

B. “State of the art” became popular earlier than “high tech”.

C. “High tech” decribes a technology that is traditional.

D. American stores could provide all kinds of products for people.

4. Whats the best title of the passage？

A. Computer Technology

B. Two New Expressions

C. Most Advanced Technology

D. High Tech and State of the Art

B

There is that great an idea that in an information and knowledge based economy， the most important thing for companies is attracting and holding outstanding talented guys. Obviously I will not say that is not important， but in my opinion a successful and groundbreaking company cannot be built just from the collection of high talented people， as a great sports team cant be constructed only by the collection of great players.

It is more important to build teams of people that achieve the goals according to the companys organizational vision （洞察力）. It is necessary to create organizations where everybody （with outstanding talent or not） can develop their best personal abilities and that these abilities are addressed to achieve the corporate （共同的） goals and mission. The companys efforts must be addressed to design an organizational system that produces and uses talent from everyone in the company.

Trying to get the best from our people through corporate team building policies， establishing a concrete corporate culture and values， making our company a place where people want to work because it is a good place to stay and develop their abilities， is the best way to compete in the knowledge economy. That will keep us out of the obligation to continually seek for the “best players” and entering in the retribution auctions （拍賣(mài)）.

We have to take into account that， nowadays， the real talented and creative people like to work or keep themselves busy in projects where they can develop their abilities， where they can be involved in the organizational goals and vision， and where they are treated with respect and dignity. Definitively， they want to be happy doing their jobs. And we have to build organizations where they can find that.

5. The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 1 refers to ___ .

A. the great idea

B. information and knowledge

C. the collection of talented people

D. attracting and holding talented people

6. According to the author， a good company should consist of ___ .

A. only common people

B. only outstanding people

C. both talented and common people

D. more talented people than common people

7. The most important thing a successful company should do is ___ .

A. continually seeking for talented people

B. employing people with different abilities

C. making the company a place where employees can get the best pay and great respect

D. making the company a place where employees are glad to devote themselves to work

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

1. The small girl was ____ of that big black cat.

2. The police have been trying to ____ up the dead mans sister， but they have no idea where she lives.

3. Were all ____ at the way her husband has treated her.

4. The suspect was charged with ____ his wife.

5. If the bank ____ to lend us the money， were finished！

6. People can ____ better when the air is clean.

7. When the artificial flowers are ____ with natural ones， you can hardly tell the difference.

8. Crowds of people are ____ home from work at this hour.

1. 小時(shí)候，我們的老師反復(fù)告訴我們要努力學(xué)習(xí)。

2. 我倒在床上，開(kāi)始哭起來(lái)。

3. 我們的制度與他們的相比，顯得過(guò)于守舊了。

4. 他無(wú)言地注視著母親。他已經(jīng)很久沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)她了。

1. When we heard the gun fire， we all stood still and shook with ___ .

A. fear B. a fear

C. fears D. the fear

2. — Its amazing that Bob and Steven ___ each other so much.

— Dont you know theyre twins？

A. look B. like

C. imitate D. resemble

3. The little girl stood there， not knowing what to do， ___ by what she had seen.

A. terrified B. terrifying

C. being terrified D. was terrified

4. She almost failed the exam， but her sister， ___ ， did very well.

A. contrasting with B. contrasted with

C. by contrast D. in contrast with

5. Summer in ___ south of France is for ___ most part dry and sunny.

A. the； / B. / ； /

C. the； the D. /； a

6. — You must obey every word of mine！

— ___ I dont？

A. How about B. What if

C. So what D. What about

7. All visitors to his village ___ with kindness.

A. are treated B. are treating

C. treat D. had been treated

8. He put more wood on the fire to make it ___ .

A. burn away B. burn out

C. burn up D. burn down

9. If you like， well welcome you to join us ___ .

A. from time to time B. at times

C. again and again D. at any time

10. What a pity！ He ___ the only chance of success.

A. threw away B. threw on

C. threw back D. threw about

Everyone has probably seen a movie or two about robots going against humans. As a kid it was interesting， but not a reality. But today， when we look at how far scientists have come， its not just a funny thought but a real possibility.

Honda has already created a robot with eyes， legs， arms and hands and it can act just like a person. There is no end to what a robot could do in the future. Just think what we can do in twenty to thirty years. Were dealing with almost an entire new species of human-like robots that could be cleverer than us. Can we continue to use these robots in a way that they serve us， or will they become so wise that they will want independence？

I am really not sure just how far scientists are going to perfect robots. But once this type of robot is made， they will be able to think， make decisions， sense the movement of others and decide what it wants to do.

A new invention has led to the introduction of a female robot， which was introduced at an entertainment show in Vegas. The robot called Roxy sells for between seven and ten thousand dollars. It is built to accompany females. This female robot companion is called true companion and you can find such robots on the Internet. Robots used to have limited uses， but now they are almost in every field. This has opened the door to many dangerous possibilities in the future.

1. What did we think about a robot when we were kids？ （within 6 words）

2. What could robots do in the future？ （within 10 words）

3. Which kind of robots may think as humans beings do？ （within 3 words）

4. Whats the purpose of inventing a female robot？ （within 3 words）

5. Why does the writer worry about robots in the future？ （within 9 words）

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

A

During the Christmas shopping rush in London， the interesting story was reported of a tramp （流浪漢） who， obviously though no fault of his own， found himself locked in a well-known chain store late on Christmas Eve. No doubt the store was crowded with last-minute Christmas shoppers and the staff were dead beat and wanting to get home. Probably all the proper safety checks were made before the store was locked and they left to enjoy the three-day holiday untroubled by customers anxious to get last-minute Christmas presents.

However ridiculous that may be， the tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to make the best of it. There was food， drink， bedding and camping equipment， of which he made good use. There must also have been television sets and radios. Though it was not reported if he took advantages of these facilities， when the shop reopened he was discovered in bed with a large number of empty bottles beside him. He seemed to have been a man of good humor as indeed tramps very commonly are.

Everyone else was enjoying Christmas， so he saw no good reason why he should not do the same. He yielded himself cheerfully， and was taken by the police. Perhaps he had had a better Christmas than usual. He was sent to prison for seven days. The judge awarded （判給） no compensation （賠償） to the chain store for the goods the tramp had used. They had， in his opinion， already received valuable free advertisement from the story revealed in the newspaper and on television. Perhaps the judge had had a good Christmas， too.

1. The tramp was locked in the store ___ .

A. for 7 days B. on purpose

C. by accident D. for safety reasons

2. What does the underlined phrase mean？

A. Angry. B. Exhausted.

C. Forgetful. D. Careless.

3. When the tramp was arrested， he ___ .

A. was drunk

B. made no resistance

C. felt himself wronged

D. felt he should be punished

4. The judge didnt award compensation to the chain store because ___ .

A. the tramp was penniless

B. the tramp had stolen nothing of value

C. the store was responsible for what happened

D. the report of the event benefited the store a lot

B

To the American visitors Iceland is a very interesting country， partly because it is different in so many ways from what he or she is used to seeing at home. There are quite a few things that are not done， or that do not exist on the island—quite a few “noes”.

There is no pollution， for example. No dogs are permitted in Reykjavik， the capital. There is no television on Thursdays or during the whole month of July， and only three hours of black-and-white TV the rest of the time. There is no hard liquor （酒） on Wednesdays and no beer at any time. There are no handguns； only one jail of 35 cells （小牢房） in the whole land—an admirable figure， even for a small country of 222，000 people.

There is no army， air force or navy. There is no tipping for anything. There are no large stores open on Saturdays and Sundays. Since Iceland is located just under the Arctic Circle， there is no darkness in summer and no daylight in winter. But thanks to the Gulf Stream， the climate is rather warm， with temperatures ranging from 34 degrees Fahrenheit （華氏溫度） to 52 degrees in July.

The rules on television， liquor， and guns are the result of governmental decision. But the absence of pollution is due in great part to the fact that Iceland gets its power from the enormous geysers （間歇噴泉） and the thousands of hot springs that come out of ground. They provide all the energy needed by the country. In fact， Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power.

Iceland has been described as an independent country where more fish are caught and more books are published per person than anywhere else in the world. The Icelanders have always felt a particular love for literature. They composed their first works in the ninth and tenth centuries AD. These works were poems and stories about the kings， heroes， and heroines of Iceland and Norway. At first the stories were memorized and passed from generation to generation. They were finally written down between 1140 and 1220. The Icelanders have never stopped writing ever since. “Rather shoeless than bookless，” they proudly say.

5. The American visitor enjoys visiting Iceland because ___ .

A. the climate is rather mild

B. it is very different from America

C. the police do not carry handguns

D. no dogs are permitted in the capital

6. It can be inferred from the passage that in Iceland ___ .

A. the sun doesnt set in winter

B. the sun rises and sets regularly

C. the sun never rises in winter and never sets in summer

D. the climate is rather mild because there is no daylight in winter

7. There is no pollution in Iceland mainly because ___ .

A. it is an independent country

B. it is located just under the Arctic Circle

C. Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power

D. the Icelanders use hot water from under ground as their energy

8. “Rather shoeless than bookless” means ___ .

A. they prefer shoes to books

B. they prefer not to have shoes or books

C. they regard books more important than shoes

D. they would rather have shoes on than write books

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

1. Older people seemed to dream less and have fewer ____.

2. Their views on this problem are surprisingly____ .

3. Some people have been ____ of serious diseases through the practice of insight meditation.

4. I decided to ____ his remark as a joke， instead of being offended by it.

5. He told a story about an ____ land that I always dream of.

6. He went over the ____ of union officials， appealing directly to the workforce.

7. For such a tiny woman she had an ____ strength.

8. Jerry told me that the moon was made of cheese. What ____ ！

1. 請(qǐng)?jiān)徫艺`拆了你的信。

2. 有些人贊成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，另一些人反對(duì)。

3. 如果她懂英語(yǔ)的話(huà)，她不會(huì)找我?guī)兔Φ摹?/p>

4. 新鮮空氣和優(yōu)質(zhì)食物對(duì)人類(lèi)有益。

1. Although this medicine can cure you ___ your illness， it has a bad effect ___ you.

A. for； in B. of； in

C. for； on D. of； on

2. ___ the earth to be flat， many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.

A. Believing B. Having believed

C. Believed D. Being believed

3. How I wish I ___ a doctor， and I ___ the dying girl.

A. am； can save B. had been； could save

C. were； could save D. will be； can save

4. If you asked your father， you ___ permission.

A. may get B. might get

C. had got D. can get

5. The volleyball match will be put off if it ___ .

A. rained B. rains

C. were to rain D. should rain

6. Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he ___ me how.

A. teaches B. had taught

C. would teach D. will teach

7. Sports and games should not be treated only ___ amusements.

A. as B. for

C. of D. with

8. If you had enough money， what ___ ？

A. will you buy B. would you buy

C. would you have bought D. will you have bought

9. Mary is ill today. If she ___ ， she ___ absent from school.

A. were not ill； wouldnt be

B. had been ill； wouldnt have been

C. shouldnt be ill； wouldnt be

D. hadnt been ill； could be

10. — Id like to buy some of the Dragon Year stamps.

— Im afraid they have been sold out.

— ___ ！

A. That sounds interesting

B. Nonsense

C. Oh， great

D. Oh， what a shame

When our dog， Angel Michelle， was diagnosed （診斷） with bone cancer in June of 2007， my family was shocked. She was only eight years old， and 1 the slight injury on her right knee， she looked and behaved normally.

Angel had always been a healthy dog， though sometimes a bit 2 about loud noises. From the time she was a puppy we were careful not to shout at one another because we might 3

the dog， which proves that pets help us treat others 4 .

While watching our lovely Angel 5 one morning， I suddenly realized that I had learned more about life from my dog than any human could have taught me. She slept 6 ， with peaceful breath. Suddenly her legs started moving against my feet. I was sure Angel dreamed she was 7 down one of the many roads we had taken her on before her cancer days. 8 she was swimming in the lakes we had taken her to. I 9 a very happy， peaceful dog at that moment. All the 10 we had with her were priceless gifts that she could 11 endlessly in her mind， despite her 12 that made her feel the pain.

I also 13 we had done things right for her， and our children took the 14 out of their busy lives to build lots of wonderful memories with her. These memories will surely benefit us when we too are at an age when 15 disabilities might happen to us.

I no longer cry over how Angel isnt expected to live past Christmas. She has reminded me over and over how 16 her life has been， and that its enough for her to just lie at my 17 ， enjoying quality time.

Ill never 18 the day we had to increase Angel Michelles pain medication because she was having a “bad cancer day”. She reached out and licked （舔） my cheek （臉頰）， looking up at me with 19 that told me， “I know youre doing everything you can for me. And its 20 .”

1. A. but for B. except for C. in addition to D. due to

2. A. nervous B. angry C. concerned D. crazy

3. A. disturb B. wake C. hurt D. violate

4. A. carefully B. seriously C. kindly D. generously

5. A. jumping B. walking C. sleeping D. eating

6. A. uncomfortably B. sadly C. awkwardly D. soundly

7. A. rushing B. lying C. sliding D. running

8. A. Because B. Perhaps C. And D. Since

9. A. imagined B. dreamed C. saw D. remembered

10. A. things B. memories C. hobbies D. adventures

11. A. live B. own C. change D. review

12. A. cancer B. injury C. sadness D. difficulty

13. A. expected B. thought C. realized D. proved

14. A. care B. time C. money D. effort

15. A. mental B. physical C. spiritual D. typical

16. A. proud B. wonderful C. successful D. moving

17. A. table B. door C. house D. feet

18. A. forget B. have C. remember D. forgive

19. A. voices B. brain C. eyes D. heart

20. A. incredible B. enough C. beneficial D. difficult

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

A

Feel tired lately？ Has a doctor said he cant find anything wrong with you？ Perhaps he has sent you to a hospital， but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong with you.

Then， consider this： you might be in a state of sub-health （亞健康）.

Sub-health， also called the third state or gray state， is explained as a borderline state between health and disease.

According to the survey by the National Health Organization， over 45 percent of sub-healthy people are middle-aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-week.

Symptoms include a lack of energy， depression， slow reactions， insomnia， anger， and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath， sweating and aching in the waist and legs.

The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health， according to some medical experts， is to form good living habits， alternate work and rest， exercise regularly， and take part in open air activities.

As for meals， people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should also eat more fresh vegetables， fruits， fish because they are rich in nutritional （營(yíng)養(yǎng)的） elements—vitamins and other elements that are important to the body.

Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract （消化道）. They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding sub-health.

1. It may be easy for middle-aged people to get sub-healthy because ___ .

A. they begin to get older

B. they have used up their energy

C. they have lost their living hopes

D. they have more pressure in life and work

2. The key to preventing you from falling into a state of sub-health is that you should ___ .

A. work hard B. sleep more

C. take more medicine D. form good living habits

3. The underlined word “alternate” probably means ___ .

A. get tired of B. arrange by turns

C. cause to take place D. keep oneself busy with

4. When you are in a state of sub-health， you should ___ .

A. stay at home and keep silent

B. find out the reasons and relax yourself

C. go to see a doctor and buy some medicine

D. have yourself examined in foreign countries

B

In the past， people who graduated from college felt proud of their academic achievements and confident that their degree （學(xué)位） would help them to find a good job.

However， in the past four years the job market has changed greatly. This years college graduates are facing one of the worst job markets. For example， Ryan Stewart， a graduate of San Jose State University， got a degree in religious studies， but he has not got any job offers. He points out that many people already working are getting laid off （失業(yè)） and dont have jobs， so its even harder for new college graduates to find jobs.

Four years ago， the future looked bright for his class of 2009. There were many high-tech （“dotcom”） job opportunities， graduates received many job offers， and they were able to get jobs with high salaries and benefits such as health insurance and paid vacations. However， “Times have changed. Its a new market”， according to an officer of the university.

The officer says students who do find jobs started preparing two years ago. They worked during summer vacations， they have had several short-time jobs， and they majored in fields that are still paying well， such as accounting or nursing.

Even teaching is not a safe profession now. Ryan Stewart wanted to be a teacher， but instead he will probably go back to school in order to become a college teacher. He thinks college teaching could be a good job even in a bad economy.

In conclusion， these days a college degree does not lead to a good job with a high salary. Some students can only hope that the value of their degree will increase in the future.

5. What did a college degree mean to people in the past？

A. It was a proof of their professional skills.

B. It built up their confidence in the job market.

C. It would help them to start an academic career.

D. It would guarantee their quick lift in their position.

6. Ryan Stewart has not got any job offer because ___ .

A. there are too many graduates of his major

B. he wants to find a job with very high salary

C. he has not received a degree in the university

D. the job market has changed greatly since 2009

7. Why does Ryan Stewart want to be a college teacher？

A. Teaching jobs are well-paid.

B. He majored in teaching in the university.

C. College teaching is less challenging than high-tech jobs.

D. College teaching career wont be influenced by economy.

8. It can be concluded from the passage that ___ .

A. graduates must prepare early to find jobs

B. a college degree can still lead to a good job

C. new college graduates today cant find jobs

D. the value of a college degree has reduced now

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

1. Her country ____ explains her love of nature.

2. Researchers are gradually deciphering （破譯） the ____ structure found in the cells of organisms.

3. The ____ cause of his success is his hard work.

4. The first step in the ____ for making a kite is to build the frame.

5. Last month a ____ of traffic accidents happened in the small city.

6. Apart from the compulsory exercises， there are also voluntary or ____ exercises.

7. All her children are clever， but the youngest boy is really ____ .

8. Adults are not often ____ ； they do not feel comfortable in another place.

1. 我看不出這兩支筆有什么不同。它們看上去完全一樣。

2. 問(wèn)題是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)依靠誰(shuí)。

3. 如果沒(méi)有空氣，人就會(huì)死亡。

4. 我希望我還能有一次這樣的機(jī)會(huì)。

1. I think I can come， but dont ___ it.

A. take on B. believe in

C. look on D. rely on

2. I asked the gardener to ___ all those bushes and plant flowers instead.

A. cut down B. cut out

C. cut across D. cut in

3. — Kate， you went shopping again. Dont you know weve

overspent this month？

— I know. But I just cant ___ the charm of nice clothes.

A. persist B. consist

C. insist D. resist

4. Plants develop ___ seeds. Seeds develop ___ plants.

A. from； into B. into； from

C. from； from D. into； into

5. ___ ， some educators claim that they can help reduce the heavy burden of the students.

A. Controversial as these measures remain

B. Controversial although these measures remain

C. Though controversial these measures remain

D. As these measures remain controversial

6. We had a really hard time about six months ago when we lacked financial help， but now things are ___ .

A. making up B. looking up

C. taking up D. coming up

7. Was it 8 oclock ___ you heard someone ___ at the door？

A. when； knocking B. when； knock

C. that； knocking D. that； knock

8. — Hi， this is Nancy. Is Mr Green there？

— ___ . Ill go and get him.

A. Go on B. Go ahead

C. Wait on D. Hold on

9. He looked at us hopefully and said， “___ all of you succeed this time. I will be waiting for good news from you.”

A. Wish B. Expect

C. May D. Will

10. Whoever has ___ sense knows that smoking is harmful to peoples health.

A. normal B. identical

C. fundamental D. common

Just like humans， birds also rely on sound to communicate. However， they do not have a “l(fā)anguage” in the true sense of the word and instead produce a variety of sounds to express different emotions.

Often， birds recognize their mates （or young） by sound rather than sight. Hungry young birds use begging calls to let their mothers know it is feeding time. Alarm calls， flight calls and warning calls are other sounds made frequently by adults.

A new study shows that songbirds rehearse （排演） their songs even in their sleep. The activity in the brain of the birds when asleep is similar to the brain activity when the birds were awake and singing. The team used tiny recording devices to measure the activity of individual brain cells in four songbirds both when they were singing and when they were asleep.

Obiviously this kind of bird stores a song after hearing it， and then rehearses it later in its sleep. Scientists now believe the birds “dream of songs and tunes” to help them master the fine art of singing and that sleep plays a key role in the learning process！

Many songbirds learn to sing by listening to adult birds of the same species. However， if separated from the adults， the young birds develop sounds which are hard to understand instead of normal song patterns. Researchers carried out an experiment in which a male bullfinch （紅腹灰雀） was raised by a female canary （金絲雀）. The bullfinch soon learned the canarys song and when it was later mated to a female bullfinch， Mr Bullfinch taught his children the canarys songs.

Last year， a British survey of Londons songbirds showed that the citys birds are losing their tunes. Birds could hardly hear one another， over the traffic noise； as a result， instead of copying the sweet notes of the adults， young birds were copying the sounds they heard most often， namely car horns and beeping cellphones！

1. How do birds recognize their mates？ （within 5 words）

2. What kind of calls might a hungry young bird make？ （within 2 words）

3. What does the new study show about the songbird in their sleep？ （within 6 words）

4. Who could young birds learn from if separated from the adults？ （within 9 words）

5. What causes the citys birds to lose their tunes？ （within 3 words）

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

A

In a mountainous area of Brazil， there is a kind of beautiful butterfly which can kill men. If people meet them， they will come down in great quantities to bite and kill， sucking （吸） blood and eating flesh through the wounds they cause.

In June， 1966， a boy named Marl Andre who went into the mountains in search of butterfly specimens （標(biāo)本） was killed by these butterflies. A country boy saw him as he was just about to raise his net to catch a butterfly. Suddenly thousands of butterflies came down upon him， covering him all over. The boy struggled and cried as he tried to free himself from their attack. Finally he fell senseless to the ground. Police examined his body and proved that he had died of bites by butterflies.

In New Guinea， there is a kind of needlefish which also kills men. Because it likes light at night， it will swim near the lights of fishing boats， then suddenly shoot out of water like an arrow to its target， and force its 3-inch sharp mouth into a human body. Often people are thrust （戳） in the eye， or through the chest or stomach， resulting in death. Sometimes it will even attack the people in a fishing boat in broad daylight.

About 10 persons in the world are killed by sharks every year， yet more than 20 are killed by needlefish every month.

1. Marl Andre was killed when he ___ .

A. raised a net B. went to Brazil

C. entered the mountains D. tried to catch a butterfly

2. Needlefish comes out ___ .

A. sometimes at night

B. usually in the daytime

C. only when boats appear

D. both at night and in the daytime

3. According to the story， each year needlefish kills ___ .

A. twice more than sharks do

B. fewer persons than sharks do

C. 24 times more persons than sharks do

D. about 10 more persons than sharks do

4. Whats the best title of the passage？

A. Killer Butterflies and Needlefish

B. New Guinea—Not Fit to Live In

C. Brazil Home of Dangerous Butterflies

D. Deaths Caused by Butterflies and Needlefish

B

Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska， Canada and Siberia warm the climate， scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.

This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release （釋放） of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past ten years. Scientists predict that with climate warming， fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming， while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.

This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus catch heat.

Scientists found that right after the fire， large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone （臭氧） levels increased， and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice， darkening the surface and causing more radiation （輻射） from the sun to be taken in. The following spring， however， the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire， because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space， leading to cooling.

“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire， and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically， fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists， however， found that when fire occurs more frequently， more radiation is lost from the earth and leads to cooling results. Specifically， they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated， 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases， but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is got or lost from the earth.

5. According to the new findings， taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ___ .

A. result in a warming climate

B. lead to a longer fire season

C. protect the forests and the environment there

D. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently

6. Earlier studies about northern forest fires ___ .

A. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere

B. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming

C. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate

D. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment

7. The underlined phrase “soaked up” probably means ___ .

A. released B. absorbed

C. created D. distributed

8. From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska， Canada and Siberia may ___ .

A. warm the climate as the supposition goes

B. help to get more energy rather than release more energy

C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice

D. allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

1. English is the only one ____ foreign language on the school curriculum.

2. The official statistics have to be ____ with care.

3. The old lady has some ____ habits.

4. The salesman had been ____ to the meeting by an assistant.

5. When the fire got out of ____ ， the captain told the sailors to abandon the ship.

6. Everything on the earth ____ heat from the sun directly or indirectly.

7. Strong wind ____ and blew our boat onto the rock.

8. It is not about ____ but about how television gives children a false sense of reality.

1. 飛機(jī)失控，墜入了大海。

2. 總之他已經(jīng)死了。沒(méi)有人能使他復(fù)活。

3. 就我們所知，他們將在九點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)。

4. 溫度升高時(shí)，肉就會(huì)開(kāi)始分解。

1. She sat at her desk， with her eyes ___ on the book， ___ in its plot.

A. fixing； absorbing B. fixed； absorbed

C. fixed； absorbing D. fixing； absorbed

2. She is in a poor ___ of health， which worries her mother much.

A. condition B. situation

C. position D. state

3. — You seem to show interest in cooking.

— What？ ___ ， Im getting tired of it.

A. On the contrary B. To the contrary

C. On the other hand D. In other words

4. If you continue ___ ， youll end up in prison.

A. to be stealing B. on stealing

C. stealing D. to be stolen

5. ___ his sister， Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends.

A. Alike B. Dislike

C. Unlike D. Liking

6. The boxer who was ___ in the boxing match did not come to life for five minutes.

A. knocked out B. knocked into

C. knocked over D. knocked down

7. Whos going to accompany him ___ the piano ？

A. with B. to

C. by D. on

8. Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard， and ___ ， you failed.

A. in the end B. in other words

C. after all D. as the result

9. — Do you want another drink？

— ___ .

A. No way B. Thats it

C. I wouldnt say no D. Not at all

10. Chemicals in the body ___ our food into useful substance.

A. break up B. break out

C. break off D. break down

It was a sleepy Monday morning in the teachers office. The old copy machine made a series of short noisy sounds. Its 1 rhythm （節(jié)奏） only seemed to put everyone deeper into “Monday morning mode （模式）”.

Then， Jackie walked happily into the room， clapping her hands 2 three times. “Okay， wake up， you guys. Its Monday！ Lets hear some pep talks （鼓舞士氣的講話(huà)）！” Her 3 voice raised heads and opened eyes. Even the office assistant who was almost asleep at the copy machine 4 .

Maybe it was because Jackie always had a smile and said something 5 that made people happy. Whatever the magic was， she suddenly 6 the room completely on that sleepy Monday morning.

New conversations mysteriously 7 . My colleague and I， who were only 8 the school to give a lecture， got up and 9 ourselves to Jackie.

I soon found out that Jackie was 10 respected for her work and enthusiasm. When it came to her class， 11 was too good 12 her kids. She always made other people feel 13 — even on days when she was not 14 well.

You would never hear Jackie 15 or speak in a negative manner about others. She would always look for and 16 the best within other people. People liked to be around her because her respect for other people was 17 .

Jackie knew that what people wanted from her was simply for her to be herself， someone who 18 her students. However， Jackie was more than a 19 . She was a great model who could 20 a room and make smiles break loose， even on sleepy Monday mornings.

1. A. quick B. dull C. normal D. exciting

2. A. angrily B. rapidly C. gently D. weakly

3. A. depressing B. anxious C. enthusiastic D. relaxing

4. A. set up B. gave up C. looked up D. went up

5. A. serious B. terrible C. incredible D. pleasant

6. A. changed B. left C. shook D. influenced

7. A. worked B. began C. continued D. stopped

8. A. leaving B. building C. guarding D. visiting

9. A. interviewed B. introduced C. educated D. connected

10. A. badly B. well C. hardly D. probably

11. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something

12. A. at B. to C. for D. of

13. A. nervous B. special C. disappointed D. depressed

14. A. doing B. teaching C. performing D. feeling

15. A. shout B. complain C. talk D. sing

16. A. hope B. have C. find D. like

17. A. believable B. true C. exceptional D. obvious

18. A. ran after B. cared about C. thought out D. turned down

19. A. teacher B. mother C. woman D. friend

20. A. clean B. find C. brighten D. make

Cloning Pets克隆寵物

Is animal cloning for real？ I want to have my dog cloned.

Well， animal cloning technology exists， but pet cloning isnt quite there yet. And it may never be.

Why not？ I could think lots of people could want to have copies of their pets.

Thats just a problem： a clone isnt a copy. Its a separate， individual organism. The only thing clone of Mr. Dogs and Mr. Dogs of themselves have in common is their genetic sequence.

The only thing？ Isnt that everything？

Apparently not！ As cloning technology has improved， more and more evidence has come out of clones that dont look alike or act alike. For example， Ted Friend and Greg Archer， both at Texas A& M， have cloned piglets.

They report that there is just as much variation in appearance among the clones as among the non-clones. Some have bristly coats， others not； some have more teeth， some fewer.

But wouldnt a clone at least have its charming personality？

Maybe. The worlds first cloned cat was made by Duane Kraemer， also at Texas A & M. He reports that the clone has a different personality altogether than its clone mother–its much more friendly， in fact.

動(dòng)物真的可以克隆嗎？我想克隆我的狗。

動(dòng)物克隆確實(shí)存在，但是，寵物克隆現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有。估計(jì)以后也不會(huì)有。

為什么不呢？我覺(jué)得有不少人想克隆寵物吧？

因?yàn)槟愕每紤]這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題：克隆并非復(fù)制。克隆是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的生物個(gè)體。狗狗先生的克隆產(chǎn)物和它本身唯一的共同點(diǎn)在于基因序列。

只是基因序列嗎？不是所有的都相同？

當(dāng)然不是！隨著克隆科技的不斷發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)顯示克隆并非看起來(lái)一樣或行為一樣。比如，得州農(nóng)工大學(xué)的Ted Friend 和Greg Archer教授克隆了一批小豬。

報(bào)告顯示在克隆豬和正常繁殖的豬并無(wú)二致，都存在生物變異。有的鬃毛較多，有的沒(méi)有鬃毛。有的牙齒更多；有的牙齒更少。

克隆的寵物至少保留了討人喜歡的個(gè)性吧？

可能會(huì)哦！同是得州農(nóng)工大學(xué)的Duane Kraemer研究出了世界上第一只克隆貓。克隆貓的性情和原來(lái)那只貓的性情大不同——友善了不少。

3. A. depressing B. anxious C. enthusiastic D. relaxing

4. A. set up B. gave up C. looked up D. went up

5. A. serious B. terrible C. incredible D. pleasant

6. A. changed B. left C. shook D. influenced

7. A. worked B. began C. continued D. stopped

8. A. leaving B. building C. guarding D. visiting

9. A. interviewed B. introduced C. educated D. connected

10. A. badly B. well C. hardly D. probably

11. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something

12. A. at B. to C. for D. of

13. A. nervous B. special C. disappointed D. depressed

14. A. doing B. teaching C. performing D. feeling

15. A. shout B. complain C. talk D. sing

16. A. hope B. have C. find D. like

17. A. believable B. true C. exceptional D. obvious

18. A. ran after B. cared about C. thought out D. turned down

19. A. teacher B. mother C. woman D. friend

20. A. clean B. find C. brighten D. make

Cloning Pets克隆寵物

Is animal cloning for real？ I want to have my dog cloned.

Well， animal cloning technology exists， but pet cloning isnt quite there yet. And it may never be.

Why not？ I could think lots of people could want to have copies of their pets.

Thats just a problem： a clone isnt a copy. Its a separate， individual organism. The only thing clone of Mr. Dogs and Mr. Dogs of themselves have in common is their genetic sequence.

The only thing？ Isnt that everything？

Apparently not！ As cloning technology has improved， more and more evidence has come out of clones that dont look alike or act alike. For example， Ted Friend and Greg Archer， both at Texas A& M， have cloned piglets.

They report that there is just as much variation in appearance among the clones as among the non-clones. Some have bristly coats， others not； some have more teeth， some fewer.

But wouldnt a clone at least have its charming personality？

Maybe. The worlds first cloned cat was made by Duane Kraemer， also at Texas A & M. He reports that the clone has a different personality altogether than its clone mother–its much more friendly， in fact.

動(dòng)物真的可以克隆嗎？我想克隆我的狗。

動(dòng)物克隆確實(shí)存在，但是，寵物克隆現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有。估計(jì)以后也不會(huì)有。

為什么不呢？我覺(jué)得有不少人想克隆寵物吧？

因?yàn)槟愕每紤]這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題：克隆并非復(fù)制?？寺∈且粋€(gè)獨(dú)立的生物個(gè)體。狗狗先生的克隆產(chǎn)物和它本身唯一的共同點(diǎn)在于基因序列。

只是基因序列嗎？不是所有的都相同？

當(dāng)然不是！隨著克隆科技的不斷發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)顯示克隆并非看起來(lái)一樣或行為一樣。比如，得州農(nóng)工大學(xué)的Ted Friend 和Greg Archer教授克隆了一批小豬。

報(bào)告顯示在克隆豬和正常繁殖的豬并無(wú)二致，都存在生物變異。有的鬃毛較多，有的沒(méi)有鬃毛。有的牙齒更多；有的牙齒更少。

克隆的寵物至少保留了討人喜歡的個(gè)性吧？

可能會(huì)哦！同是得州農(nóng)工大學(xué)的Duane Kraemer研究出了世界上第一只克隆貓?？寺∝埖男郧楹驮瓉?lái)那只貓的性情大不同——友善了不少。

3. A. depressing B. anxious C. enthusiastic D. relaxing

4. A. set up B. gave up C. looked up D. went up

5. A. serious B. terrible C. incredible D. pleasant

6. A. changed B. left C. shook D. influenced

7. A. worked B. began C. continued D. stopped

8. A. leaving B. building C. guarding D. visiting

9. A. interviewed B. introduced C. educated D. connected

10. A. badly B. well C. hardly D. probably

11. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something

12. A. at B. to C. for D. of

13. A. nervous B. special C. disappointed D. depressed

14. A. doing B. teaching C. performing D. feeling

15. A. shout B. complain C. talk D. sing

16. A. hope B. have C. find D. like

17. A. believable B. true C. exceptional D. obvious

18. A. ran after B. cared about C. thought out D. turned down

19. A. teacher B. mother C. woman D. friend

20. A. clean B. find C. brighten D. make

Cloning Pets克隆寵物

Is animal cloning for real？ I want to have my dog cloned.

Well， animal cloning technology exists， but pet cloning isnt quite there yet. And it may never be.

Why not？ I could think lots of people could want to have copies of their pets.

Thats just a problem： a clone isnt a copy. Its a separate， individual organism. The only thing clone of Mr. Dogs and Mr. Dogs of themselves have in common is their genetic sequence.

The only thing？ Isnt that everything？

Apparently not！ As cloning technology has improved， more and more evidence has come out of clones that dont look alike or act alike. For example， Ted Friend and Greg Archer， both at Texas A& M， have cloned piglets.

They report that there is just as much variation in appearance among the clones as among the non-clones. Some have bristly coats， others not； some have more teeth， some fewer.

But wouldnt a clone at least have its charming personality？

Maybe. The worlds first cloned cat was made by Duane Kraemer， also at Texas A & M. He reports that the clone has a different personality altogether than its clone mother–its much more friendly， in fact.

動(dòng)物真的可以克隆嗎？我想克隆我的狗。

動(dòng)物克隆確實(shí)存在，但是，寵物克隆現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有。估計(jì)以后也不會(huì)有。

為什么不呢？我覺(jué)得有不少人想克隆寵物吧？

因?yàn)槟愕每紤]這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題：克隆并非復(fù)制。克隆是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的生物個(gè)體。狗狗先生的克隆產(chǎn)物和它本身唯一的共同點(diǎn)在于基因序列。

只是基因序列嗎？不是所有的都相同？

當(dāng)然不是！隨著克隆科技的不斷發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)顯示克隆并非看起來(lái)一樣或行為一樣。比如，得州農(nóng)工大學(xué)的Ted Friend 和Greg Archer教授克隆了一批小豬。

報(bào)告顯示在克隆豬和正常繁殖的豬并無(wú)二致，都存在生物變異。有的鬃毛較多，有的沒(méi)有鬃毛。有的牙齒更多；有的牙齒更少。

克隆的寵物至少保留了討人喜歡的個(gè)性吧？

可能會(huì)哦！同是得州農(nóng)工大學(xué)的Duane Kraemer研究出了世界上第一只克隆貓?？寺∝埖男郧楹驮瓉?lái)那只貓的性情大不同——友善了不少。