王世俊等
[摘要] 目的 觀察冠狀動脈粥樣硬化心臟?。–HD)患者空腹外周血Obestatin水平的變化,并探討其臨床意義。方法 選取92例行冠狀動脈造影住院患者,根據(jù)造影結(jié)果分為對照組21例和冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組71例,計算冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組患者的Gensini積分,檢測兩組患者的血清Obestatin水平,并分析Obestatin水平與Gensini積分之間的相關(guān)性。 結(jié)果 冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組Obestatin水平較對照組顯著升高(P < 0.01)。根據(jù)Gensini積分將冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組患者分為1~30分組、31~90分組及>90分組,各組間血清Obestatin濃度差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P > 0.05)。 結(jié)論 CHD患者的外周血Obestatin水平顯著升高,推測Obestatin可能是CHD的一個危險因子,但Obestatin水平與CHD患者病變程度無顯著性關(guān)系。
[關(guān)鍵詞] Obestatin;冠狀動脈粥樣硬化心臟?。慌R床意義
[中圖分類號] R541.4 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 1673-9701(2014)05-0086-03
冠心病因其發(fā)病率高、死亡率高,嚴重威脅著人類健康,而被稱為“人類第一殺手”。近年來,研究表明Obestatin是一種Ghrelin相關(guān)肽,Obestatin在肥胖和能量代謝方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。但是,關(guān)于Obestatin在動脈粥樣硬化方面的研究還剛起步,因此本研究旨在探討Obestatin在冠狀動脈粥樣硬化心臟病中的水平變化及臨床意義。
1 對象與方法
1.1 研究對象
選擇92例于2012年1月~2013年6月在我院心血管內(nèi)科住院行冠狀動脈造影術(shù)檢查的冠狀動脈粥樣硬化心臟病(CHD)患者,排除胃切除、腫瘤、生長激素缺乏、惡病質(zhì)、嚴重感染、糖尿病、甲狀腺疾病、未控制的嚴重高血壓、應(yīng)用類固醇治療者及其他嚴重的全身疾病的患者。根據(jù)冠狀動脈造影結(jié)果分為對照組和冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組;按照Gensini評分系統(tǒng)分為對照組(0分)、1~30分組、31~90分組及>90分組。對照組(0分)21例(男13例,女8例),年齡42~74歲,平均(59.56±10.43)歲,SBP(mm Hg):114.8±13.7,DBP(mm Hg):75.7±9.8,BMI(kg/m2):21.94±2.48;1~30分組34例(男21例,女13例),年齡55~79歲,平均(61.55±9.42)歲,SBP(mm Hg):132.8±15.0,DBP(mm Hg):80.8±10.6,BMI(kg/m2):24.36±1.96;31~90分組27例(男18例,9例),年齡52~77歲,平均(62.71±10.24)歲,SBP(mm Hg):129.6±13.8,DBP(mm Hg):79.3±12.6,BMI(kg/m2):25.79±1.16;>90分組10例(男6例,女4例),年齡59~87歲,平均(64.62±11.63)歲,SBP(mm Hg):134.6±17.9,DBP(mm Hg):79.8±15.4,BMI(kg/m2):27.62±0.85。各組間年齡、性別上差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05),各組在血壓、BMI上差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)。
1.2 研究方法
1.2.1 觀察指標 記錄年齡、性別、體質(zhì)指數(shù)(BMI)、血壓等情況。
1.2.2 Obestatin濃度檢測 患者入院后空腹12 h后早晨抽取肘靜脈血2 mL室溫下離心(3600 r/min,15 min),取上層血清,保存于-20℃低溫待測。Obestatin水平采用酶聯(lián)免疫分析技術(shù)(ELISA法)測定,試劑盒由浙大生科生物技術(shù)有限公司提供,批內(nèi)<9%,批間<15%,樣本線性回歸與預期濃度相關(guān)系數(shù)R值為0.92以上。嚴格按照說明書對所有樣本同一批次進行檢測。
1.2.3 冠狀動脈造影 按美國心臟病學學會/美國心臟學會(ACC/AHA)的冠狀動脈造影指南,采用飛利浦公司的Integris CV-DSA。根據(jù)冠狀動脈造影結(jié)果對冠脈病變程度進行分析,同時采用Gensini積分將患者分為對照組(0分)、1~30分組、31~90分組及>90分組。
1.3 統(tǒng)計學分析
采用SPSS16.0統(tǒng)計學軟件進行分析,計量資料用均數(shù)±標準差(x±s)表示,多組間比較采用方差分析,兩組間比較采用t檢驗,計數(shù)資料采用χ2檢驗。P < 0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 兩組血清Obestatin水平的比較
冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組較對照組Obestatin水平顯著升高(P < 0.01),見表1。
表1 兩組血清Obestatin水平的比較(x±s,ng/L)
2.2 不同Gensini積分的冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組患者的Obestatin水平比較
冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組中三組間差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P > 0.05),表明Obestatin水平與CHD患者病變程度無顯著性關(guān)聯(lián)。見表2。
表2 不同Gensini積分的冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組患者的Obestatin
水平比較(x±s,ng/L)
3 討論
2005年11月,Zhang等[1]研究證實Preproghrelin不僅可產(chǎn)生Ghrelin,另外還可產(chǎn)生一種多肽,命名為Obestatin,并且在大鼠胃組織中提取到該種激素。Obestatin由23個氨基酸組成,C末端的甘氨酸殘基帶有?;揎椈鶊F,小鼠、大鼠和靈長類及人類的Obestatin氨基酸序列一致。Obestatin是與Ghrelin來自同一基因的多肽,由前Ghrelin原(Preproghrelin)經(jīng)過不同剪切方式形成,是孤兒受體G蛋白偶聯(lián)受體39的內(nèi)源性配體。
大多數(shù)研究顯示Ghrelin是一種心臟保護因子[2-25],如①控制冠狀動脈粥樣硬化的炎性反應(yīng);②防止血管內(nèi)皮細胞功能失調(diào),減緩內(nèi)皮細胞凋亡;③擴張冠狀動脈,加速心肌供血;④保護缺血及缺血再灌注引起的心肌損傷;⑤對抗有害物質(zhì)對心肌的損傷,刺激心肌細胞增殖以及抑制心肌細胞的凋亡;⑥防止血管及血管平滑肌細胞的鈣化等。Zhang等[1]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在對機體食欲和體質(zhì)量的調(diào)節(jié)中,Obestatin與Ghrelin的功能完全相反。因此如果在心血管系統(tǒng)中Obestatin與Ghrelin具有相反的生物學作用[1,26-29],那么CHD患者中Obestatin水平升高是一種危險因素。本研究提示,冠狀動脈粥樣硬化組Gensini積分各組間差異均無統(tǒng)計學意義,表明患者Obestatin水平升高可能與冠狀動脈狹窄程度和病變部位關(guān)系不大。由于本研究標本量較少及其橫斷面設(shè)計,故Obestatin與CHD確切關(guān)系還有待大標本量前瞻性研究。
總之,CHD患者外周血空腹Obestatin水平明顯升高,并與冠心病的某些危險因素相關(guān),故推測Obestatin可能是CHD的一個危險因子。但考慮到本研究的一些局限性,相關(guān)實驗結(jié)果有待進一步論證。
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(收稿日期:2013-09-17)