湖北省武漢市 童亞文 供稿

大腦的秘密

湖北省武漢市 童亞文 供稿

The Secrets of Brain

Your brain controls everything you do.It makes it possible for you to think,learn,create and feel,toblink1and breathe and for your heart to beat—thisfantastic2control center is your brain.It is soamazing3that a famous scientist once called it“the mostcomplex4thing we have yet discovered in ouruniverse5”.

你的大腦控制你所做的一切。它可以讓你思考、學(xué)習(xí)、創(chuàng)造和感覺(jué)，讓你眨眼和呼吸，甚至讓你的心臟跳動(dòng)——這個(gè)神奇的控制中心就是你的大腦。它是如此的神奇，一位著名的科學(xué)家曾經(jīng)把它稱為“我們?cè)谟钪嬷邪l(fā)現(xiàn)的最復(fù)雜的存在”。

Can this small greyorgan6,which weighs less than one and a half kilos,really do so much? Amazingly,your brain contains about 100 billionneurons7—it would take you over 3,000 years to count them all.Believe it or not,the activity in your brain never stops.Your neurons create and send more message than all the phones in the world.And although one neuron creates only a little electricity,all your neurons together can produce enough electricity to power a lightbulb8.

這個(gè)小小的灰色的器官，重量不到1.5公斤，真的可以做如此多的事情嗎？令人驚訝的是，你的大腦含有大約1000億個(gè)神經(jīng)元——你需要3000多年才能將它們數(shù)完。信不信由你，你大腦里的活動(dòng)從未停止過(guò)。你的神經(jīng)元?jiǎng)?chuàng)建和發(fā)送的信息比世界上所有的電話發(fā)送的信息還要多。雖然一個(gè)神經(jīng)元只產(chǎn)生一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)電，你所有的神經(jīng)元共同產(chǎn)生的電力足夠供一個(gè)燈泡發(fā)亮。

So exactly how fast does your brain work?Well,imagine this:A bee lands on your foot.Neurons in your skin send this information to your brain at a speed of more than 240 kilometers per hour.Your brain then uses other neurons to send the message back to your foot to shake the bee off quickly.These neurons can send this information at more than 320 kilometers per hour. No computer has your brain’sunbelievable9ability to deal with theamount10of information coming from your eyes,ears and othersensory11organs.

那么你的大腦工作起來(lái)到底有多快呢？好吧，想象一下：一只蜜蜂落在你的腳上。在你皮膚上的神經(jīng)元以超過(guò)240公里的時(shí)速將這些信息發(fā)送到你的大腦。然后大腦用其他的神經(jīng)元將信息發(fā)送回你的腳，讓你迅速擺脫蜜蜂。這些神經(jīng)元可以以超過(guò)320公里的時(shí)速來(lái)給你發(fā)送這些信息。沒(méi)有一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)能有大腦這般令人難以置信的能力來(lái)處理來(lái)自你的眼睛、耳朵和其他感覺(jué)器官的大量的信息。

But how does your brain allow you to learn things that you will use in the future?Thestructure12of your brain changes every time you have a new thought,remember or learn something.For example,riding a bike seems impossible at first,but soon you are able to do it. How?As you practice,your brain sends“bike riding”messages again and again.Soon,the actions are learned and you are able to ride a bike easily from then on.

但是，你的大腦如何讓你學(xué)習(xí)一些你在未來(lái)會(huì)用到的技能呢？當(dāng)你有一個(gè)新的想法、記憶或?qū)W新東西的時(shí)候，你的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)發(fā)生變化。例如，一開(kāi)始，騎自行車看起來(lái)是不可能做到的，但很快你就能夠做到。怎么做到的呢？當(dāng)你練習(xí)時(shí)，你的大腦一次又一次的發(fā)出“騎自行車”的信息。很快，這項(xiàng)技能你就學(xué)會(huì)了，并且從那時(shí)候開(kāi)始，你就能輕而易舉地騎自行車了。

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