葉喜陽, 陳征海, 潘成椿, 馬丹丹, 李根有
(1. 浙江農林大學林業(yè)與生物技術學院,浙江 臨安 311300; 2. 浙江省森林資源監(jiān)測中心,浙江 杭州 310020; 3. 浙江九龍山國家級自然保護區(qū),浙江 遂昌 323301; 4. 浙江農林大學暨陽學院,浙江 諸暨 311800)
九龍山紫菀
——浙江紫菀屬(菊科)一新種
葉喜陽1, 陳征海2, 潘成椿3, 馬丹丹4, 李根有4
(1. 浙江農林大學林業(yè)與生物技術學院,浙江 臨安 311300; 2. 浙江省森林資源監(jiān)測中心,浙江 杭州 310020; 3. 浙江九龍山國家級自然保護區(qū),浙江 遂昌 323301; 4. 浙江農林大學暨陽學院,浙江 諸暨 311800)
描述了浙江九龍山菊科Asteraceae紫菀屬Aster一新種:九龍山紫菀Asterjiulongshanensis,并附有墨線圖.新種接近于長葉紫菀A.dolichophyllus,但其莖中部以上多分枝,基部及下部的葉花期枯萎,全部葉片被毛,厚紙質,羽狀脈,復合花序由7~10個傘房狀排列的狹圓錐狀支花序組成,頭狀花序直徑約1.5 cm,總苞狹倒錐形或管狀,總苞片3或4層,先端不外展,舌狀花5~10個,舌片綠白色或白色;冠毛等長,白色或污白色而明顯有別.
九龍山紫菀;紫菀屬;菊科;新種;浙江
近年來,我們在野生植物資源調查研究和《浙江植物志》(第二版)的編寫過程中,在浙江西南部山區(qū)發(fā)現了一種紫菀屬植物,經查閱文獻資料[1-8]和栽培觀察研究,確認為一新種,現予報道.
九龍山紫菀 新種(圖1、圖2)
Aster jiulongshanensis Z. H. Chen, X. Y.Ye et C .C. Pan, sp. nov.(Fig.1,2)
The new species is closed toA.dolichophyllus, but differs in having the ramose multiple, from middle part of stem; leaves pubescent, thickly papery, pinnately veined, basal and lowermost ones wither in blooming period; synflorescens with 7~10 narrow panicles, arranged in corymbiform sub-synflorescens; capitulum approximately 1.5 cm in diam.; involucres narrowly obconic or tubiform; phyllaris 3 or 4 seriate, apex not expanding; ligulate flowers 5 to 10; ray florets greenish white or white; pappus equal in length, white or beige.
Type: China, Zhejiang (浙江), Suichang (遂昌), Mount. Jiulong (九龍山), Huangtanyu (黃壇淤),on rocks in valley, alt. 530 m, 30 Oct. 2011,G.Y.LietZ.H.Chen(李根有, 陳征海)JLS20111001 (holotype, ZJFC).
圖1 九龍山紫菀(Ⅰ)Fig. 1 Aster jiulongshanensis(Ⅰ)
1 總苞與總苞片; 2 總苞片; 3 舌狀花; 4 管狀花; 5 雄蕊與雌蕊(管狀花); 6 瘦果及冠毛.圖2 九龍山紫菀(Ⅱ)Fig. 2 Aster jiulongshanensis(Ⅱ)
多年生草本.根狀莖粗壯,匍匐枝長8~12 cm,稍木質.莖直立或斜升,高50~130 cm,中部以上多分枝,被卷曲的糙毛或下部近光滑.基生葉密集成蓮座狀,在花期枯萎,葉片長卵形至長卵狀披針形,長4~13 cm,寬2~9 cm,先端漸尖或急尖,基部楔形下延成長柄;中部葉疏生,葉片卵狀披針形,長7~12 cm,寬2~4 cm,基部漸狹下延至葉柄;上部葉片漸小,倒披針形,長2~4 cm,寬0.8~2 cm;全部葉片厚紙質,正面被糙毛,下部葉尤密,背面無毛或沿脈具稀疏毛,邊緣密被開展的糙毛,有疏鋸齒,齒端具外展的小尖頭,羽狀脈,側脈3~5對,近葉緣處網結;葉柄具翅,基生葉的葉柄長4~8(~16)cm,基部擴大半抱莖,莖中、上部的葉柄漸短.復合花序由7~10個傘房狀排列的支花序組成,每個支花序呈狹圓錐狀或總狀,長15~38 cm,由5~10(~32)個總狀花序組成,每個總狀花序具1~5個頭狀花序;頭狀花序直徑約1.5 cm;花序梗密被毛,苞葉長圓狀披針形,全緣;總苞狹倒錐形或管狀,基部直徑0.5~0.6 cm,長1~1.2 cm;總苞片3或4層,條形至條狀披針形,草質,邊緣膜質,背部綠色,先端漸尖,外層較短,長約2 mm,具緣毛,內層較長,5~6 mm,中脈草質,沿脈疏被毛,最內層僅先端具少量緣毛.舌狀花5~10個,1層,舌片綠白色或白色,條形,長約4 mm,寬約1 mm;管狀花多數,長5~6 mm,管部長2~3 mm,被柔毛,裂片卷曲;花柱附片長披針形.瘦果條狀披針形,稍扁,長約3.5 mm,寬約0.75 mm,熟時由紫紅色轉褐色,有2條邊肋,兩面各有1條中肋,被上向白色短糙毛;冠毛等長,長5~6 mm,白色或污白色,不分枝,具向上短糙毛.花果期9~11月.
Paratypes: Zhejiang (浙江), Suichang (遂昌), Mount. Jiulong (九龍山), Huangtanyu (黃壇淤), roadside in valley, alt. 450 m, 26 Oct. 2012,Z.H.ChenetX.Y.Ye(陳征海, 葉喜陽)JLS2012001 (ZJFC); the same locality, alt. 530 m, 26 Oct. 2012,Z.H.ChenetX.Y.Ye(陳征海, 葉喜陽)JLS2012004 (ZJFC). Jiangshan (江山), Nianbadu (廿八都), Zhoucun (周村), Lidongkeng (里東坑), wet rocky slope of a valley at forest margin, alt. 600 m, 28 Sep. 2015,Z.H.Chen,W.Y.XieetF.Y.Zhang(陳征海, 謝文遠, 張芬耀)JS150903 (ZJFC). Jingning (景寧), Yingchuan (英川), Mudaikou (木岱口), rocky slope at forest margin, alt. 680 m, 2 Nov. 2016,Z.H.ChenetG.Y.Li(陳征海, 李根有)JN20161102 (ZJFC). Longquan (龍泉),Mount. Maoshan (峁山), rocky slope at forest margin, alt. 520 m, 11 Sept. 2013,Z.H.ChenetL.M.Ji(陳征海, 季利民)s.n. (ZJFC). Qingyuan (慶元), Qiangangkeng (千崗坑), wet rocky slope under forest, alt. 820 m, 1 Aug. 2014,Z.H.ChenetG.Y.Li(陳征海, 李根有)s.n. (ZJFC).
致謝 浙江農林大學夏國華副教授幫助對花部進行解剖并掃描;上海辰山植物園葛斌杰幫助對瘦果和冠毛進行電鏡掃描;張逸幫助繪制線描圖;杭州師范大學金孝鋒教授對初稿進行審閱并提出修改意見,在此一并致以誠摯的謝意!
[1] 林镕.紫菀屬(菊科)[M]//林镕,陳藝林,石鑄.中國植物志:第七十四卷.北京:科學出版社,1985:133-254.
[2] CHEN Y L, BROUILLET L, SEMPLE J C.AsterLinn[M]// WU Z Y, RAVEN P H. Flora of China, Vol.20-21. Beijing: Science Press & St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis,2011:574-632.
[3] 鄭朝宗.菊科[M]//鄭朝宗.浙江植物志:第六卷.杭州:浙江科學技術出版社,1993:212-368.
[4] 陳麗云,林來官.菊科[M]//福建省科學技術委員會,《福建植物志》編寫組.福建植物志:第五卷.福州:福建科學技術出版社,1993:278-447.
[5] 《安徽植物志》協(xié)作組.菊科[M]//安徽植物志:第四卷.合肥:安徽科學技術出版社,1991:476-641.
[6] 鄭朝宗.浙江種子植物檢索鑒定手冊[M].杭州:浙江科學技術出版社,2005:385-386.
[7] SOEJIMA A, PENG C Ⅰ.AsterLinn[M]//HUANG T C. Flora of Taiwan, Vol.4. 2nd. Taipei: Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan,1998:848-868.
[8] OHWI J. Flora of Japan[M]. Washington: Smthsonian Institution,1965: 872-876.
AsterJiulongshanensis(Asteraceae), a New Species from Zhejiang
YE Xiyang1, CHEN Zhenghai2, PAN Chengchun3, MA Dandan4, LI Genyou4
(1. School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A& F University, Lin’an 311300, China; 2. Zhejiang Monitoring Center of Forest Resources, Hangzhou 310020, China; 3. Administration of Jiulongshan National Natural Reserve, Suichang 323300, China;4. Jiyang College, Zhejiang A & F University,Zhuji 311800, China)
Asterjiulongshanensis, a new species of Asteraceae from Mount. Jiulong of Suichang, is described with illustrations. This new species is similar toA.dolichophyllus, but differs in having multiple branches from middle part of stem, leaves pubescent, thickly papery, pinnately veined, basal and lowermost ones wither in blooming period, synflorescens with 7~10 narrow panicles, arranged in corymbiform sub-synflorescens, capitulum approximately 1.5 cm in diam., involucres narrowly obconic or tubiform, phyllaris 3 or 4 seriate, apex not expanding, ligulate flowers 5 to 10, ray florets greenish white or white, pappus equal in length, white or beige.
Asterjiulongshanensis;Aster; Asteraceae; new species; Zhejiang
2016-09-10
國家林業(yè)局第二次全國重點保護野生植物資源調查項目(林護發(fā)[2012]87號); 浙江省第二次重點保護野生植物資源調查項目(335006-2013-0001); 浙江省野生植物資源調查、建檔、編纂及《浙江植物志》(第二版)編著項目(335010-2015-0005).
李根有(1956—), 男,教授,主要從事植物分類與資源植物開發(fā)利用研究. E-mail: ligy1956@163.com
10.3969/j.issn.1674-232X.2017.01.004
Q949
A
1674-232X(2017)01-0013-03