Jane Austen on Screen

Pride and Prejudice (1995 BBC TV series)

Andrew Davies’ adaptation has become something of a cultural phenomenon and it is one of the BBC’s most popular television series ever made. The fi nal episode of the six-part series had a market share of 40 per cent in Britain, and the entire first run of VHS videos1VHS錄像帶是90年代流行的老式家用錄像帶。sold out within two hours of release. Jennifer Ehle and Colin Firth were widely praised for their portrayals of Elizabeth Bennet and Mr Darcy, with Firth’s lake scene regarded as one of the most unforgettable moments in British TV history.

Mans fi eld Park (2007 TV drama)

Billie Piper divided critics when she portrayed Fanny Price in this ITV2=Independent Television英國(guó)獨(dú)立電視臺(tái)。drama. TheJane Austen’s Worldblog described her as “woefully3woefully遺憾地，不幸地。miscast”,and her revealing costumes were heavily criticised. It was filmed at Newby Hall, North Yorkshire.

Lost in Austen (2008 TV series)

This popular 2008 television series gained mostly positive reviews. Austen fanatic4fanatic狂熱入迷者。Amanda Price (Jemima Rooper)is transported back in time via a panel in her bathroom wall and finds herself in the Bennet family home. Elizabeth Bennet swaps places with her, finding herself in modern-day Hammersmith5今屬倫敦Hammersmith and Fulham地區(qū)，倫敦西二區(qū)。.The series was praised for “showing the qualities and drawbacks of both eras”—Mr Bennet is bemused6bemuse 使茫然，使困惑。when Amanda tells him Hammersmith is in London,rather than a small village several miles outside it.

Sense and Sensibility (1995)

Bride and Prejudice (2004)

Pride and Prejudiceis given an Indian twist in Gurinder Chadha’s adaptation, transforming Elizabeth Bennet into Lalita Bakshi and Mr Darcy into a wealthy heir to an American hotel chain. Chadha remarked of her film:“Pride and Prejudiceis a universal love story that’s sort of familiar to people.So they can sit back, not worry they’re going to miss the story, and just get into a different fi lm language.”

Persuasion (1995)

This version of Jane Austen’sPersuasionbene fi ted from a surge in popularity for Jane Austen adaptations at the time, with four Austen novels being produced in the same year. Amanda Root played heroine Anne Elliot and Ciarán Hinds played her love interest,Captain Frederick Wentworth.

Pride and Prejudice (2005)

Keira Knightley and Matthew Macfadyen took on the roles of Elizabeth Bennet and Mr Darcy, ten years after Jenn fi er Ehle and Colin Firth had been declared the archetypal8archetypal原型的，典型的。Pride and Prejudiceduo. Although the fi lm never matched the cultural impact of the 1995 series, it was still a commercial success, grossing $121 million.

Northanger Abbey (2007)

The screenplay for the 2007 version ofNorthanger Abbeywas written by Andrew Davies, the screenwriter behind the 1995 television adaptation ofPride and Prejudiceand the television adaptation ofEmmathe following year. The film was a success; 5.6 million people watched Felicity Jones’s portrayal of Catherine Morland when it was first broadcast.

Emma (1996)

American actresses who portray Jane Austen heroines inevitably meet a barrage of cynics who believe that only British actresses can deliver authentic performances. However, Gwyneth Paltrow proved the critics wrong in this popular fi lm, winning widespread praise for her faultless English accent in this highly-enjoyable version ofEmma. Toni Collette played Harriet Smith, whom Emma tries to set up with Mr Elton.

Clueless (1995)

This hit 1995 comedy, probably more famous for coining colloquialisms9colloquialism口語(yǔ)，白話。such as “as if!” and responsible for the liberal usage of the word “totally” by every teenager, found its inspiration in Austen’sEmma.Popular high school girl Cher Horowitz (Alicia Silverstone)plays matchmaker with “tragically unhip10unhip不諳時(shí)髦的?！?new girl, Tai Frasier (Brittany Murphy) with disastrous consequences.Jane Austen would, like, totally approve.

Bridget Jones’s Diary (2001)

Helen Fielding based her novel loosely onPride and Prejudice, as well as making her hapless11hapless倒霉的，不幸的。protagonist,Bridget Jones, obsessed with Colin Firth’s portrayal of Mr Darcy in the BBC 1995 adaptation. In the fi lm, Colin Firth plays Bridget’s love interest, Mark Darcy, and Hugh Grant plays Daniel Cleaver, based on Austen’s wicked George Wickham.

Becoming Jane (2007)

Jane Austen herself, controversially played by American actress Anne Hathaway, becomes the central protagonist of this fi lm. The storyline ofPride and Prejudiceis incorporated into Austen’s life, based on scant12scant不足的，缺乏的。biographical evidence. The fi lm gained positive reviews and was commercially successful, proving that the fascination with the author’s personal life is just as popular as her novels.

《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》（1995年BBC版電視?。?/p>

安德魯·戴維斯改編的這部電視劇在某種意義上已經(jīng)成為一種文化現(xiàn)象，躋身BBC出品的最受歡迎的電視劇行列。該劇共有6集，最后一集在英國(guó)所占市場(chǎng)份額高達(dá)40%，首批發(fā)行的家庭錄像帶更是在開(kāi)售兩小時(shí)內(nèi)銷(xiāo)售一空。詹妮弗·艾莉和科林·費(fèi)斯因成功刻畫(huà)伊麗莎白·貝內(nèi)特和達(dá)西先生這兩個(gè)角色而廣受贊譽(yù)，費(fèi)斯飾演的達(dá)西先生在湖中游泳后濕身出水的一幕被視為英國(guó)電視史上最令人難忘的場(chǎng)面之一。

《曼斯菲爾德莊園》（2007年電視?。?/p>

在這部ITV出品的電視劇中，比莉·派柏飾演范妮·普賴斯，觀眾對(duì)她的評(píng)價(jià)褒貶不一。博客“簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁的世界”稱(chēng)她為“令人遺憾的選角失誤”，她在劇中過(guò)于暴露的服裝也飽受批評(píng)。該劇攝于北約克郡的紐比莊園。

《迷失奧斯丁》（2008年電視劇）

2008年的這部熱門(mén)電視劇獲得的評(píng)價(jià)大多正面。阿曼達(dá)·普賴斯（杰米瑪·盧珀飾）是一個(gè)奧斯丁迷，她從自家浴室墻上的面板穿越時(shí)空，到了貝內(nèi)特家。而伊麗莎白·貝內(nèi)特則與她對(duì)調(diào)，穿越到了現(xiàn)代的漢默史密斯。這部電視劇為人稱(chēng)道之處便是“展現(xiàn)出了兩個(gè)時(shí)代的優(yōu)點(diǎn)與缺陷”——阿曼達(dá)稱(chēng)漢默史密斯是倫敦市區(qū)的一部分，而不是倫敦幾英里開(kāi)外的一個(gè)小村莊，這讓貝內(nèi)特先生大為困惑。

《理智與情感》（1995年電影）

這部由李安執(zhí)導(dǎo)的改編電影廣受推崇，斬獲多個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)和提名，包括頒給編劇艾瑪·湯普森的奧斯卡最佳改編劇本獎(jiǎng)，艾瑪·湯普森還因在片中對(duì)埃莉諾·達(dá)什伍德一角的精彩演繹獲得了最佳女主角提名。凱特·溫斯萊特飾演埃莉諾的妹妹瑪麗安娜，獲得奧斯卡和金球獎(jiǎng)最佳女配角提名。人們普遍認(rèn)為，這部廣受歡迎的電影對(duì)于此后再次掀起的奧斯丁作品改編熱功不可沒(méi)。

《愛(ài)斗氣愛(ài)上你》（2004年電影）

這部由顧倫德·查達(dá)執(zhí)導(dǎo)的改編電影可以被視為印度版《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》，伊麗莎白·貝內(nèi)特變成了拉利塔·巴克西，達(dá)西先生則變?yōu)楦挥械拿绹?guó)連鎖酒店繼承人。查達(dá)如此評(píng)價(jià)她的電影：“《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》是一個(gè)具有普世意義的愛(ài)情故事，人們或多或少都有所熟悉。所以，人們可以放松安坐，不必?fù)?dān)心錯(cuò)過(guò)故事，只是換一種不同的電影語(yǔ)言而已。”

《勸導(dǎo)》（1995年電影）

這部簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁小說(shuō)《勸導(dǎo)》的改編版得益于當(dāng)時(shí)勢(shì)頭正盛的奧斯丁作品改編熱，當(dāng)年共有四部影視作品改編自?shī)W斯丁的小說(shuō)。阿曼達(dá)·魯特飾演女主角安妮·埃利奧特，塞倫·希德飾演女主角愛(ài)慕的對(duì)象——弗雷德里克·溫特沃斯艦長(zhǎng)。

《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》（2005年電影）

在詹妮弗·艾莉和科林·費(fèi)斯組合被視作《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》雙主角之典范十年后，凱拉·奈特莉和馬修·麥克費(fèi)登在本片中分別飾演了伊麗莎白·貝內(nèi)特和達(dá)西先生。盡管就文化影響力而言，這部電影無(wú)法與1995年的電視劇版相抗衡，但影片成功盈利，票房總收入高達(dá)1.21億美元。

《諾桑覺(jué)寺》（2007年電影）

2007年電影版《諾桑覺(jué)寺》的劇本由安德魯·戴維斯執(zhí)筆，他也是1995年電視劇版《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》和次年電視劇版《愛(ài)瑪》的編劇。電影大獲成功，首映時(shí)，560萬(wàn)人欣賞了菲麗希緹·瓊斯對(duì)凱瑟琳·莫蘭的演繹。

《愛(ài)瑪》（1996年電影）

飾演簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁作品女主角的美國(guó)女演員難免受到冷嘲熱諷，那些人認(rèn)為唯有英國(guó)女演員才能有原汁原味的表演。然而，在這部大受歡迎的影片中，格溫妮絲·帕特洛證明批評(píng)者的嘲諷實(shí)屬謬誤。在這個(gè)廣受歡迎的電影版《愛(ài)瑪》中，她以一口完美的英音為自己贏得了廣泛贊譽(yù)。托妮·科萊特飾演的是哈麗雅特·史密斯，愛(ài)瑪想撮合她和埃爾頓先生。

《獨(dú)領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷》（1995年電影）

這部1995年熱門(mén)喜劇片的靈感源自?shī)W斯丁的小說(shuō)《愛(ài)瑪》，不過(guò)它更出名的可能是創(chuàng)造了像“as if!”（怎么想的！）這樣的流行口語(yǔ)，還有就是讓“totally”（完全）一詞成為青少年常用的熱門(mén)詞。片中，女高中生謝爾·霍羅威茨（艾麗西亞·希爾維斯通飾）是個(gè)大紅人，她為“落伍到不忍直視”的新來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)校女生塔伊·弗雷澤（布萊特妮·墨菲飾）撮合對(duì)象，結(jié)果卻非常糟糕。簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁可能會(huì)“完全”接受吧。

《BJ單身日記》（2001年電影）

原作者海倫·費(fèi)爾丁以《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》為藍(lán)本創(chuàng)作了小說(shuō)，還讓筆下那運(yùn)氣不佳的女主角布里吉特·瓊斯迷上了1995年BBC版《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中科林·費(fèi)斯飾演的達(dá)西先生。該片中，科林·費(fèi)斯飾演布里奇特的愛(ài)慕對(duì)象馬克·達(dá)西，休·格蘭特則飾演丹尼爾·克里弗，后者的人物原型為奧斯丁原著中品行不端的喬治·威克姆。

《成為簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁》（2007年電影）

這部電影中，簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁本人成了主角，由美國(guó)女演員安妮·海瑟薇飾演，選角頗具爭(zhēng)議。該片根據(jù)有限的生平資料把《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》的故事情節(jié)融入奧斯丁本人的生活。影片收獲不少好評(píng)，票房收入亦大獲成功，足以證明人們對(duì)奧斯丁的個(gè)人生活就像對(duì)她的小說(shuō)一樣著迷。

銀幕上的簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁

譯/徐宜修審訂/章艷

a whole host of awards and nominations, including an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for Emma Thompson, which she won, as well as receiving nominations for her brilliant portrayal of Elinor Dashwood. Kate Winslet portrayed her sister Marianne and was nominated for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe. The fi lm’s popularity is widely credited for the resurgence7resurgence 復(fù)蘇。of Austen adaptations that followed.

（譯者單位：上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)院）