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沒想到“孫大圣拔毫毛變小猴”竟然成真了。近日中國(guó)科學(xué)家們干了件大事兒：成功培育出了全球首個(gè)體細(xì)胞克隆猴。這項(xiàng)成就除了在基礎(chǔ)研究上有重大意義，令我國(guó)目前在該領(lǐng)域處于國(guó)際領(lǐng)跑地位之外，還會(huì)對(duì)開發(fā)治療人類疾病的新療法起到巨大的促進(jìn)作用。

文章詞數(shù) 3 0 5 建議用時(shí) 6′ 難度指數(shù) ★★★★

China became 1._______first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive cells,scientists said on Thursday.By December 2017,the Chinese AcademyofScienceshad created two cloned macaques(獼猴)named “Zhong Zhong”and“Hua Hua”by nuclear transferring(核移植)of body cells.Thiswas similar tothe technology 2._______(use)to create the famous cloned sheep Dolly in 1996.

Telra,a monkey born in 1999,is the world’s first ever-cloned monkey,3.________it was done using a simpler method called embryo splitting(胚胎分裂)，and cannot be genetically modified to suit experimental needs.Cloning a monkey using body cells has been a world-class challenge because it is a primate(靈長(zhǎng)類)that 4.________(share)its genetic makeupwithhumans.

For drug and other lab tests,scientists have to purchase monkeys from allover the world,5.________is costly,bad for the environment and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes.

科學(xué)家周四表示，中國(guó)成為第一個(gè)使用非生殖細(xì)胞克隆猴子的國(guó)家。到2017年12月，中國(guó)科學(xué)院通過體細(xì)胞核移植，培育出了兩只克隆獼猴，命名為“中中”和“華華”。這與1996年培育出的著名的克隆羊Dolly的技術(shù)十分相似。

生于1999年的恒河猴Telra是世界上第一只克隆的猴子，但是使用的是胚胎分裂技術(shù)這種更簡(jiǎn)單的方法，不能通過基因改造來滿足實(shí)驗(yàn)需要。用體細(xì)胞克隆猴子一直是一個(gè)世界性的難題，因?yàn)楹镒幼鳛橐环N靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物，和人類一樣有著共同的基因構(gòu)成。

對(duì)于藥物和其他實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試而言，科學(xué)家必須從世界各地購(gòu)買猴子，這不僅成本高，不利于環(huán)境，而且實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果也不準(zhǔn)確，因?yàn)槊恐缓镒涌赡軒в胁煌幕颉?/p>

By cloning monkeys using body cells,6.______(science)can mass-reproducealargenumber ofmonkeys of similar genes in a short period,and they can even change the monkeys’genes to suit 7._________(they)needs.This can save time,cut downexperiment costs,and produce more accurate results,leading tomore effective medicine.

Sun Qiang,who wasin charge ofthe project,said most of the drugs 8._________(try)on lab mice.However,drugs that work on mice might not work or even have side effects on humans because the two species are so 9._______(difference).

Monkeys and humans are both primates,so they are much 10.________(close)related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans.This achievement will help China lead the world research in an international science project related to the study of primate brains.

通過利用體細(xì)胞克隆猴子，科學(xué)家可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)培育大量基因相似的猴子，甚至可以根據(jù)需要改變它們的基因。這樣可以節(jié)省時(shí)間，降低實(shí)驗(yàn)成本，產(chǎn)生更準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果，從而研發(fā)出更有效的藥物。

項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人孫強(qiáng)表示，目前大多數(shù)藥物試驗(yàn)都是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室小鼠身上進(jìn)行的。然而，對(duì)老鼠起作用的藥物可能不會(huì)對(duì)人類起作用，甚至可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生副作用，因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)物種相差太遠(yuǎn)。

猴子和人類都是靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物，因此它們之間有著密切的聯(lián)系，在猴子身上進(jìn)行測(cè)試應(yīng)該和在人類身上進(jìn)行測(cè)試一樣有效。這一成果將幫助中國(guó)在與靈長(zhǎng)類大腦研究相關(guān)的國(guó)際科學(xué)項(xiàng)目中處于領(lǐng)跑地位。

Reading check

Read the passage and fill in each blank with only one word or with the words given in correct forms.

Language study

1.be similar to與……相似

讓我們假定有另外一個(gè)行星和地球的條件相似。

Let us suppose another planet with conditions________________________on the earth.

2.share...with...與……分享……

在朋友方面，我渴望那些可以和我分享快樂的朋友。

When it comes to friends,I desire those who will________________________me.

3.a number of...許多……（修飾可數(shù)名詞）

在這次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上，他們打破了許多紀(jì)錄。

They have broken________________________________in the sports meeting.

4.cut down減少；砍倒

為了減少開支，他們兩個(gè)決定住在一個(gè)房間里。

________________________the expense,the two decided to share the same room.

5.lead to導(dǎo)致；通向

繼續(xù)向前走，你就會(huì)看到一條通向山頂廟宇的小路。

Go ahead and you will see a path________________the temple on top of the hill.

6.in charge of...負(fù)責(zé)……；in the charge of...被……負(fù)責(zé)

我們需要選一位負(fù)責(zé)體育訓(xùn)練的人。

We need someone to________________________________our physical training.