山東省臨沂國(guó)際學(xué)校 楊春吉
it句型繁多,用法多樣,在高考寫(xiě)作中使用很高,使用it句型可以增加表達(dá)的豐富性和地道性。閱卷教師視其為高級(jí)表達(dá)。
該句型意為“某人干某事是……的”。當(dāng)該形容詞是表示事物、事情的特點(diǎn)或特征(如necessary,important,strange,difficult,hard,probable,easy,impossible,useless,normal,abnormal,obvious,possible,likely等)時(shí),用for;當(dāng)該形容詞是表示人的特點(diǎn)或特征(如 kind,good,nice,wise,weak,clever,silly,poor,strong,foolish,rude,careless,cruel,bad,brave,careful,grateful,unwise,wrong,stupid,polite,right,honest,impolite,dishonest等)時(shí),用 of。
1.(2014重慶卷書(shū)面表達(dá))就個(gè)人而言,他對(duì)待他人和生活的態(tài)度是完全錯(cuò)誤的。
Personally,it is completely wrong_____him__________with such an attitude towards others and life.
2.(2014江蘇卷書(shū)面表達(dá))對(duì)他們而言,在漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境中,理解這些詞匯并不難。
_____is not difficult_____them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.
3.(2014山東卷改編)我們很難想象古代世界奴隸的生活是怎樣的。
It is difficult_____us__________what life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
4.一個(gè)人做件好事并不難,難的是一輩子做好事。
It is not hard_____one__________a good deed,while it is difficult to do it all your life.
【注意】與其相關(guān)的句型還有
a.It+be+adj.+to do sth
該句型意為“干某事是……的”。
5.(2018浙江卷書(shū)面表達(dá))毋庸置疑,完全依賴(lài)于消費(fèi)排名是不明智的行為。
_____is no doubt that_____is unwise__________completely on ratings consumption.
6.(2018浙江卷書(shū)面表達(dá))假若那樣的話(huà),根據(jù)消費(fèi)排名買(mǎi)書(shū)是既方便又經(jīng)濟(jì)的。
In that case,it is convenient and economical__________books according to ratings.
7.(2018浙江卷書(shū)面表達(dá))有必要對(duì)消費(fèi)排名持客觀(guān)的態(tài)度。
_____is necessary__________an objective attitude towards ratings.
b.It+be+n.(如a good idea/opportunity/one’s duty等)+to do sth
該句型意為“干某事是個(gè)好主意/機(jī)會(huì)/是某人的職責(zé)”。
8.(2018全國(guó)乙卷書(shū)面表達(dá))這真是體驗(yàn)中國(guó)文化的一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)。
It is a really good opportunity__________Chinese culture.
9.(2015江蘇卷書(shū)面表達(dá))遵守交通規(guī)則使社會(huì)井然有序,并且將其納入到正確的軌道上來(lái)是每個(gè)人的職責(zé)。
_____is everyone’s duty__________traffic regulations to keep our society in order and on the right track.
在該句型中,it作形式賓語(yǔ),其后的不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等是真正的賓語(yǔ),常用于本句型的動(dòng)詞主要有think,find,feel,make和consider等。
10.(2017全國(guó)乙卷書(shū)面表達(dá))我認(rèn)為和你一起學(xué)習(xí)唐詩(shī)是很快樂(lè)的事情。
I think_____great fun__________the poems written in the Tang Dynasty with you.
11.(2015湖南卷改編)我覺(jué)得很愉快,老師在公開(kāi)場(chǎng)合表?yè)P(yáng)了我,并且說(shuō)我是個(gè)天資聰慧的學(xué)生。
I felt_____happy_____my teacher praised me in public,saying that I was an intelligent student.
12.(2014福建卷改編)正是文化,而不是語(yǔ)言,使他很難適應(yīng)國(guó)外的新環(huán)境。
It was the culture,rather than the language,that_____it hard for him_______________the new environment abroad.
該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的事情用現(xiàn)在時(shí)、完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)描述時(shí),be動(dòng)詞用is;當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的事情用過(guò)去時(shí)描述時(shí),be動(dòng)詞須用was。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)“人”時(shí),用that/who。強(qiáng)調(diào)其他成分一律用that。有時(shí)根據(jù)需要可以加用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。該句型不可用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、讓步狀語(yǔ),以及比較狀語(yǔ)。
13.(2017天津卷改編)就是我剛回到公寓樓我才首次遇到我的新鄰居。
__________when I got back to my apartment_____I first came across my new neighbors.
14.(2016天津卷改編)你等錯(cuò)了地方。就是在賓館教練把游客們接上了車(chē)。
You are waiting at a wrong place.__________at the hotel_____the coach picked up the tourists.
15.(2015江蘇卷書(shū)面表達(dá))人們遵守交通規(guī)則很重要。
It is the people_____obey the rules that matters.
16.依我看來(lái),可能就是在那次野餐中她丟失了新買(mǎi)的手表。
In my opinion,_______________during the picnic_____she lost her new watch.
a.It+be+形容詞+主語(yǔ)從句
常用于該句型的形容詞有necessary,essential,useless,important,good,right,natural,strange,proper,fortunate,better,probable,impossible,funny,surprising,obvious,correct和unnecessary等。
17.(2017浙江卷改編)在當(dāng)今世界,大學(xué)生應(yīng)該自主創(chuàng)業(yè),這一點(diǎn)是很重要的。
Nowadays,it is important that a college student_____his own business.
18.很奇怪竟然沒(méi)有人意識(shí)到這件事情的重要性。
It is strange that no one_____this matter’s importance.
b.It+be+過(guò)去分詞+主語(yǔ)從句
常用于該句型的過(guò)去分詞有said,thought,believed,reported,supposed,known,considered,imagined,guessed,decided,pointed,discussed,announced,estimated等。該句型意為“據(jù)說(shuō)/認(rèn)為/相信/報(bào)道……”。該句型可以轉(zhuǎn)化為“People say/think/believe/report...+that從句”或“sb/sth is said/thought/believed/reported...to do sth”兩種形式.
19.(2014北京卷改編)據(jù)報(bào)道,兩個(gè)國(guó)家的會(huì)談?dòng)兴M(jìn)展。
_______________that talks between the two countries are making progress.
20.(2014四川卷書(shū)面表達(dá))眾所周知,中國(guó)的高考在每年6月的7至8日。
檢查宴收、提錢(qián)釋放、酒精考驗(yàn)、白收起家、勤撈致富、擇油錄取、得財(cái)兼幣、大力支吃、攻官小姐、繁榮娼盛、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)特色、人民政腐。
____________that the College Entrance Examination in China falls on June 7 and 8 each year.
c.It+be+過(guò)去分詞(欲望類(lèi)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)從句
該句型中常用的過(guò)去動(dòng)詞(表示主張、建議、請(qǐng)求、命令之類(lèi)的詞)有advised,suggested,desired,requested,required,proposed,ordered,demanded,recommended,insisted等,從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”。
21.有人建議應(yīng)該多喝開(kāi)水。
It is advised that one__________plenty of boiled water.
22.有人建議推遲這個(gè)會(huì)議。
It is suggested that the meeting__________.
d.It+be+抽象名詞+主語(yǔ)從句
常用于該句型的抽象名詞有a pity,a shame,a fact,a question,a hope,an honor,good news,a/the case,a surprise,common knowledge,no wonder等。
23.(2018全國(guó)乙卷書(shū)面表達(dá)改編)帶上一份禮物,比如一束鮮花,或者如果房東有小孩子時(shí),帶一盒巧克力,會(huì)是個(gè)好主意。
__________a good idea_____you should bring a gift such as a bunch of flowers or a box of chocolates if they have young children.
24.(2018天津書(shū)面表達(dá)改編)我真誠(chéng)地希望你能加入我們隊(duì),并且在大賽中展示你的才華。
__________my sincere hope_____you can join our team and show your talent in the event.
25.(2016江蘇卷改編)通常情況下,對(duì)于抱有希望的人來(lái)說(shuō),任何事情都是可能的。
__________often the case_____anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
e.It’s widelyacknowledged/accepted+主語(yǔ)從句
該句型意為“這是公認(rèn)的/普遍認(rèn)為......”。
26.(2014福建卷改編)人們普遍認(rèn)為應(yīng)該在綜合素質(zhì)方面對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。
____________________students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
27.人們普遍認(rèn)為,上合組織青島峰會(huì)進(jìn)一步加深了成員國(guó)之間的溝通與合作。
_________________________the Qingdao summit of the SCO further deepen communication and cooperation among member states.
f.It+happens/follows/seems/appears/matters/occurs/worries/turns out/finds out等+主語(yǔ)從句
在本句型中,有時(shí)會(huì)在上述動(dòng)詞后加to sb。
28.(2018天津書(shū)面表達(dá))我突然想起你以前在類(lèi)似比賽中獲獎(jiǎng)的事情。
_________________________you once took a prize in a similar competition.
29.(2014重慶卷書(shū)面表達(dá))不管是貴還是不貴,都不要緊。
_____doesn’t matter_____it is expensive or not.
該句型意為“當(dāng)某事發(fā)生時(shí),時(shí)間是在……”。此句型很容易和“It is/was+介詞+時(shí)間詞組+that+其他”的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型相混淆。區(qū)分的方法是:若時(shí)間詞組前有介詞,即為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型;若沒(méi)有,即為it指時(shí)間的句型。
30.(2014江西卷改編)半夜里父親把我叫醒看足球賽。
__________the middle of the night_____my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
31.就在每天早上八點(diǎn)整她去上班。
__________at eight o’clock sharp_____she goes to work every morning.
該句型意為“這/那是/將是某人第……次干某事了”。若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is,從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用was,從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用過(guò)去完成時(shí);若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用will be,從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。
32.這對(duì)外國(guó)夫婦告訴我們那是他們第二次參觀(guān)長(zhǎng)城。
The foreign couple told us__________the second time that they__________the Great Wall.
33.這將是他們第四次到新疆支援邊疆建設(shè)。
_______________the fourth time that they_____the frontier in Xinjiang Province.
該句型意為“這是/那是某人經(jīng)歷過(guò)的……中最……的了”。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is,從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用was,從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
34.(2015四川卷改編)安迪對(duì)她的玩具很滿(mǎn)意,這是她買(mǎi)到的玩具中最好的。
Andy is content with the toy.It is the best that she_____ever_____.
35.這是那些年來(lái)他看過(guò)的最令人乏味的小說(shuō)。
This was the most tiring novel that he__________for those years.
該句型意為“(你)最好……”,相當(dāng)于You’d better do sth。
36.(2018天津卷書(shū)面表達(dá)改編)因此,你最好加入我們隊(duì)以展示你的才華。
Therefore,____________________join our team and show your talent.
37.(2017全國(guó)丙卷書(shū)面表達(dá)改編)所以你最好利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)加入我們的校隊(duì)。
So_______________this opportunity to join our school team.
該句型意為“對(duì)某人而言,……已經(jīng)成為一種慣例”。
38.(2018浙江書(shū)面表達(dá))對(duì)一些人而言,對(duì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)商品或促售服務(wù)的消費(fèi)排名付費(fèi)已經(jīng)成為一種慣例。
It has become a common practice_____some__________for good ratings on their products or service so as to increase their sales.
39.到目前為止,用微信付費(fèi)早已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)人的慣例。
______________________________for the Chinese to pay for what they have bought through WeChat so far.
該句型意為“……是禮貌/不禮貌的行為”。
40.(2018全國(guó)乙卷書(shū)面表達(dá))首先,你最好按時(shí)到達(dá),因?yàn)樵谥袊?guó),守時(shí)被認(rèn)為是一種禮貌行為。
First of all,you’d better arrive on time because____________________to be punctual in China.
41.在國(guó)外,滿(mǎn)口含著飯和別人說(shuō)話(huà)是不禮貌的。
It is bad manners_______________others_____your mouth full of food in foreign countries.
42.(2018浙江卷書(shū)面表達(dá))不可否認(rèn)的是,如此的消費(fèi)排名可能會(huì)給消費(fèi)者帶來(lái)便利,但也常常造成誤導(dǎo)或是不可靠的。
_________________________such ratings might bring convenience to consumers but they are often misleading and unreliable.
43.從我家到我上班的公司有很遠(yuǎn)的路要走。
__________a long way from my home to the company where I work.
總之,it句型還有很多,但常用的為以上所述情形。根據(jù)高考語(yǔ)句所需進(jìn)行“變式”表達(dá),一句多譯,靈活翻譯,既避免重復(fù),又顯得句式練達(dá),使行文跌宕起伏,富有層次感,有效提升了作文的寫(xiě)作檔次。
牛刀小試
Ⅰ.用it句型及相關(guān)句型翻譯下列句子。
44.我認(rèn)為實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)夢(mèng)是每一位中國(guó)人的責(zé)任。
45.眾所周知,世界貿(mào)易摩擦對(duì)任何一個(gè)國(guó)家都沒(méi)有好處。
46.龍舟比賽是南方寒食節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗。
47.這部影片就是在我們村拍攝的。
48.正如諺語(yǔ)所說(shuō)“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”,了解中國(guó)習(xí)俗是每一個(gè)外國(guó)人所必備的常識(shí)。
49.你最好在學(xué)好專(zhuān)業(yè)課以外再修其他你喜歡的專(zhuān)業(yè)。畢竟,技不壓身??!
50.做交換生是學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)。
Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。
51.在我看來(lái),對(duì)于你來(lái)說(shuō)參加更多的團(tuán)隊(duì)活動(dòng)可能是一個(gè)好主意,這些活動(dòng)有助于養(yǎng)成團(tuán)隊(duì)精神。
In my view,_____might be a good idea for you to take part in more team activities,_____is good for developing team spirit.
52.你在高考中犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤也太粗心了。
It is careless_____you to make such mistakes in the College Entrance Examination.
53.為了使你更容易與我們聯(lián)系,你最好把這張卡片放在手邊,以備不時(shí)之需。
To make_____easier to get in touch with us,_________________________to keep this card at hand and use it when in need.
54.那是我家第三次在新西蘭過(guò)圣誕節(jié)。
It_____the third time that our family_____(spend)Christmas Day in New Zealand.
55.這部小說(shuō)是這些年來(lái)他看過(guò)的最有趣的小說(shuō)。It is the most interesting novel that he_____(read)for these years.
56.據(jù)報(bào)道中國(guó)正在建設(shè)另一艘航母。
_____is reported_____China has been building another aircraft carrier.
57.要求她后天就動(dòng)身去上海。
It is required that she_____(leave)for Shanghai the day after tomorrow.
58.你沒(méi)有必要為駕駛考試擔(dān)憂(yōu)。
There is no need_____you________________the driving test.