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IL—10啟動(dòng)子區(qū)—1082基因多態(tài)性與膿毒血癥易感性的關(guān)系研究

2018-12-14 01:48王蕾謝月群陳玲瓏陳新國(guó)張和
中國(guó)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)生 2018年24期
關(guān)鍵詞:多態(tài)性

王蕾 謝月群 陳玲瓏 陳新國(guó) 張和

[摘要] 目的 分析膿毒血癥患者IL-10的啟動(dòng)子區(qū)域轉(zhuǎn)錄起始位點(diǎn)上游第1082位點(diǎn)的多態(tài)性,探討其與膿毒血癥易感性之間的關(guān)系。 方法 采用聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)-限制性片段多態(tài)性(PCR-RELP)檢測(cè)IL-10基因-1082位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性,SPSS17.0分析各位點(diǎn)的基因型分布和等位基因頻率。 結(jié)果 IL-10-1082位點(diǎn)的多態(tài)性在膿毒血癥組(AA:58.16%、GA:39.80%、GG:2.04%)與對(duì)照組(AA:73.75%、GA:26.25%)的基因頻率有顯著性差異(P<0.05)。膿毒血癥組中GA基因型的頻率顯著高于對(duì)照組(P=0.038),膿毒血癥組中G等位基因的頻率顯著高于對(duì)照組(P=0.015)。結(jié)論 IL-10-1082 GA基因型攜帶者比AA基因型患者的膿毒血癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性高,IL-10-1082的G等位基因比A等位基因患膿毒血癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性高。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 膿毒血癥;疾病遺傳易感性;白細(xì)胞介素10;多態(tài)性

[中圖分類號(hào)] R459.7 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701(2018)24-0001-03

Study on the relationship between locus 1082 gene polymorphism in IL-10 promoter region and susceptibility to sepsis

WANG Lei1 XIE Yuequn1 CHEN Linglong1 CHEN Xinguo1 ZHANG He2

1.Department of Emergency, Wenzhou Peoples Hospital in Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325000, China; 2.Department of Radiotherapy, Wenzhou Central Hospital in Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325000, China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the polymorphism at locus 1082 in the upstream of the transcriptional start site in the promoter region of IL-10 in sepsis patients, and to explore its relationship with susceptibility to sepsis. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment polymorphism(PCR-RELP) was used to detect the IL-10-1082 polymorphism. SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the genotypic distribution and allele frequencies at each locus. Results The gene frequency of polymorphism of IL-10-1082 in the sepsis group(AA: 58.16%, GA: 39.80%, GG: 2.04%) and the control group(AA: 73.75%, GA: 26.25%) had significant differences(P<0.05). The frequency of GA genotypes in the sepsis group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P=0.038). The frequency of G allele in the sepsis group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P=0.015). Conclusion IL-10 -1082 GA genotype carriers have a higher risk of sepsis than those with AA genotypes. The G-10 allele of IL-10-1082 has a higher risk of sepsis than the A allele.

[Key words] Sepsis; Disease genetic predisposition; IL-10; Polymorphism

膿毒血癥是當(dāng)今危重癥醫(yī)學(xué)的研究焦點(diǎn)和棘手問題。在全世界,膿毒血癥每年的病死率高達(dá)36800例,其死亡率與心肌梗死相近,已成為老年人十大死因之一[1]。近年來眾多研究者正在研究膿毒血癥的易感因素。膿毒血癥是一種常見危重癥患者較為嚴(yán)重的感染性、多器官損傷疾病,多種炎癥介質(zhì)參與其發(fā)生與發(fā)展過程,期間分泌大量炎癥細(xì)胞因子[2]。IL-10基因定位于1號(hào)染色體q31-32區(qū)域[3],-1082 G/A(rs18 00896)為其基因多態(tài)性之一。有研究顯示白細(xì)胞介素10(Interleukin-10,IL-10)啟動(dòng)子區(qū)的基因多態(tài)性能夠影響IL-10的啟動(dòng)子活性,進(jìn)而調(diào)節(jié)IL-10的表達(dá)[4-6]。IL-10是重要的抗炎癥的細(xì)胞因子,IL-10通過Th1細(xì)胞機(jī)制調(diào)節(jié)免疫應(yīng)答,拮抗促炎癥細(xì)胞因子如TNF-α,從而促進(jìn)膿毒血癥的發(fā)生[7]。此外,IL-10在類風(fēng)濕關(guān)節(jié)炎、病毒性心肌炎的發(fā)生與發(fā)展中也扮演著重要的角色,其通過抑制炎癥反應(yīng),從而促進(jìn)疾病的發(fā)生與發(fā)展[8]。研究顯示,與IL-18及腫瘤壞死因子-α相比,IL-10對(duì)老年膿毒血癥患者的預(yù)后預(yù)測(cè)價(jià)值更佳[8]。然而IL-10-1082的基因多態(tài)性對(duì)膿毒血癥發(fā)生的易感性至今還不明確,本文采用 PCR 限制性酶切多態(tài)性(PCR-RFLP)的方法研究 IL-10 的基因啟動(dòng)子區(qū)-1082位點(diǎn)的多態(tài)性與膿毒血癥發(fā)生的關(guān)系,旨在探討其對(duì)膿毒血癥易感性的影響,為膿毒血癥的預(yù)防研究提供科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。

1 對(duì)象與方法

1.1 研究對(duì)象

本研究收集2016年1月~2017 年9月于我院住院并確診的膿毒血癥患者98例,診斷依據(jù)“2001年危重病醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)/歐洲危重病醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)/美國(guó)胸科醫(yī)師協(xié)會(huì)/外科感染學(xué)會(huì)關(guān)于全身性感染的定義會(huì)議”診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[9]。健康對(duì)照組選自2017年1~9月在溫州市人民醫(yī)院體檢健康的80名志愿者,最大年齡90歲,最小年齡37歲,中位年齡61 歲。膿毒血癥組最大年齡86歲,最小年齡27歲,中位年齡65歲。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 DNA模板的制備 取所有受試者靜脈血3 mL,EDTA抗凝,用改良碘化鈉法提取白細(xì)胞DNA,保存在-20°C條件下。

1.2.2 IL-10多態(tài)性分析 采用鏈合酶聯(lián)反應(yīng)-限制性片斷長(zhǎng)度多態(tài)性(polymerase chainreaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)技術(shù),檢測(cè)IL-10基因啟動(dòng)子區(qū)-1082位點(diǎn)的基因型。根據(jù)參考文獻(xiàn)并應(yīng)用Primer Premier 5.0來設(shè)計(jì)引物。IL-10-1082位點(diǎn)的引物序列,正向鏈: 5‘-GACAACACTACTAAGGCTCCTTTGGGA-3 反向鏈: 5‘-GTGAGCAAACTGAGGCACAGA AAT-3[10]。擴(kuò)增條件為55℃ 45 s,72℃ 60 s,94℃ 30 s,共35個(gè)循環(huán)。PCR 的反應(yīng)體系為50 μL,包括以下組分:DNA聚合酶1.25 U,上下游引物各1.0 μL,10×buffer 5.0 μL,MgCl2 3.0 μL,dNTPs 3.0 μL,滅菌雙蒸水補(bǔ)至50 μL,模板50 ng,則進(jìn)行下一步酶切實(shí)驗(yàn)。取PCR產(chǎn)物10 μL,加Bsl Ⅰ 10 U,10×NEBuffer3 3.0 μL,滅菌雙蒸水補(bǔ)至30 μL,水浴55℃ 2 h,酶切后于3%的瓊脂糖凝膠上電泳,鑒定結(jié)果。

1.2.3 IL-10 -1082位點(diǎn)PCR擴(kuò)增及酶切分析 IL-10-1082位點(diǎn)的PCR產(chǎn)物經(jīng)BslⅠ酶切電泳后產(chǎn)生278 bp及37 bp 2 個(gè)片段為 AA型,產(chǎn)生278 bp、253 bp、37 bp、25 bp 4個(gè)片段為GA型,253 bp、37 bp、25 bp 3個(gè)片段為GG型。

1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法

采用 SPSS17.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)處理,各組IL-10-1082位點(diǎn)基因型及等位基因頻率比較,其分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡規(guī)律,說明本實(shí)驗(yàn)人群具有群體代表性,該人群的IL-10基因分布可反映整體人群基因的分布情況。計(jì)數(shù)資料以[n(%)]表示,采用χ2檢驗(yàn),并計(jì)算比數(shù)比(OR),進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,以P<0.05 為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

2 結(jié)果

2.1 樣本基本情況

膿毒血癥組與對(duì)照組在性別、年齡及吸煙情況比較無顯著性差異(P>0.05)。見表1。

2.2 IL-10-1082各基因型分布與膿毒血癥相對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析

IL-10-1082的基因分型和等位基因頻率與膿毒血癥易感性的關(guān)系中,膿毒血癥組IL-10-1082位點(diǎn)GA基因型分布頻率顯著高于對(duì)照組(OR=2.018,95%CI:1.053~3.868,P=0.038),對(duì)照組中未檢測(cè)到 IL-10-1082GG基因型,等位基因分析結(jié)果顯示膿毒血癥組G等位基因分布頻率顯著高于對(duì)照組(OR=2.014,95%CI:1.168~3.473,P=0.015)。見表2。

3 討論

IL-10是公認(rèn)的炎癥抑制因子,主要是由Th2細(xì)胞、巨噬細(xì)胞、單核細(xì)胞及基質(zhì)細(xì)胞等分泌,它的主要功能是抑制Th1細(xì)胞,是調(diào)節(jié)促炎細(xì)胞因子的重要的抗炎癥細(xì)胞因子,如腫瘤壞死因子TNF-α及一氧化氮的合成,炎癥細(xì)胞的凋亡和巨噬細(xì)胞活化的抑制等[11-12]。在人類中,血循環(huán)中IL-10水平升高與膿毒血癥性休克、損傷的嚴(yán)重性以及死亡率相關(guān)。人類IL-10基因包含5個(gè)外顯子和4個(gè)內(nèi)含子,位于1號(hào)染色體q31-32區(qū)域,IL-10的表達(dá)可受轉(zhuǎn)錄水平[13-14]和轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平[15-16]的調(diào)節(jié),研究表明,IL-10主要是受轉(zhuǎn)錄水平調(diào)控,且IL-10分泌很大程度上受到遺傳因素的影響[17],其轉(zhuǎn)錄起始位點(diǎn)上游5 kb的區(qū)域內(nèi),至少有23個(gè)單核苷酸多態(tài)性(SNP)位點(diǎn),其中研究最多的是啟動(dòng)子上游第1082位點(diǎn)(G/A)SNP[18]。IL-10基因啟動(dòng)子區(qū)特定的SNP可正向或負(fù)向影響IL-10的分泌水平[18-19],從而影響對(duì)某種特定疾病的易感性。研究表明IL-10基因多態(tài)性可能影響腫瘤的易感性與IL-10-1082基因位點(diǎn)等位基因G有關(guān),如子宮頸癌、肺癌等,其影響機(jī)制可能與下調(diào)IL-1B、TNF-α和血管內(nèi)皮生長(zhǎng)因子的活性有關(guān)[20]。在IL-10基因中,-1082位置處的G單核苷酸啟動(dòng)子多態(tài)性在IL-10的調(diào)節(jié)中是重要的。對(duì)于G等位基因純合的個(gè)體(-1082 GG)在體外刺激后具有更高的循環(huán)IL-10,更高的IL-10 mRNA表達(dá)和更高的IL-10產(chǎn)生[21]。

本文研究結(jié)果顯示兩組患者IL-10-1082位點(diǎn)基因型分布頻率差異均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.038),膿毒血癥組IL-10-1082 GA 基因型頻率高于對(duì)照組,相對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為2.018(1.053~3.868);等位基因分析結(jié)果顯示膿毒血癥組G等位基因分布頻率高于對(duì)照組,有顯著性差異(P=0.015),相對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為2.014(1.168~3.473),提示-1082 位點(diǎn)G等位基因與膿毒血癥的發(fā)生有相關(guān)性。體內(nèi)外的研究表明 IL-10-1082 A等位基因的 IL-10 表達(dá)較低[18,22,23],而 IL-10-1082 G等位基因的IL-10表達(dá)較高[18],這表明-1082位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性影響IL-10的表達(dá)水平,IL-10作為一種抑制炎癥因子,是其促進(jìn)膿毒血癥的發(fā)生,是-1082位點(diǎn)與膿毒血癥易感性相關(guān)的遺傳學(xué)依據(jù),本研究結(jié)果也與之相一致。但有關(guān)IL-10-1082基因多態(tài)性與膿毒血癥發(fā)生的相關(guān)報(bào)告較少,其關(guān)系尚不明確,仍有待進(jìn)一步的深入研究來闡明。

本研究分析IL-10 基因啟動(dòng)子-1082位點(diǎn)基因多態(tài)性,結(jié)果顯示:IL-10-1082 GA基因型攜帶者比AA基因型患者的膿毒血癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性高,IL-10-1082的G等位基因比A等位基因患膿毒血癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性高。此研究結(jié)果與之前體內(nèi)外研究數(shù)據(jù)相一致,為膿毒血癥的病因?qū)W和遺傳學(xué)研究提供了有力的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),提示IL-10可作為防治膿毒血癥的一個(gè)重要靶點(diǎn)。

[參考文獻(xiàn)]

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(收稿日期:2017-11-24)

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