www.elsevier.com/locate/ajps

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (AJPS) is the official journal of Asian Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences(AFPS) and is indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE). It provides the forum for reporting innovations, production methods, technologies, initiatives and the application of scientific knowledge to all aspects of pharmaceutics, including controlled drug release systems, drug targeting, physical pharmacy, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenomics, biopharmaceutics, drug and prodrug design,pharmaceutical analysis, drug stability, quality control, pharmaceutical engineering and material sciences.

T ypes of paper

Contributions falling into the following categories will be considered for publication: original research papers, reviews,short communications.

Please ensure that you select the appropriate article type from the list of options when making your submission. Authors contributing to special issues should ensure that they select the special issue article type from this list.

S ubmission checklist

You can use this list to carry out a fi nal check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Please check the relevant section in this Guide for Authors for more details.

Ensure that the following items are present:

One author has been designated as the corresponding author with contact details:

· Telephone

· E-mail address

· Full postal address

All necessary fi les have been uploaded:Manuscript:

· Include keywords

· All fi gures (include relevant captions)

· All tables (including titles, description, footnotes)

· Ensure all fi gure and table citations in the text match the fi les provided

· Indicate clearly if color should be used for any fi gures in print

Cover Letter

Graphical Abstracts / Highlights fi les (where applicable)

Supplemental fi les (where applicable)

Further considerations

· The manuscript has been prepared consulting the “Template” of AJPS, which can be downloaded at the website http://www.elsevier.com/inca/publications/misc/AJPS_Author%20Template.doc. Please especially pay attention to the format of References and Figure samples.

· Manuscript has been ‘spell checked’ and ‘grammar checked’· All references mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa

· Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Internet)

· Journal policies detailed in this guide have been reviewed

· Referee suggestions and contact details provided, based on journal requirements

For further information, visit our Support Center.

Et hics in publishing

Please see our information pages on Ethics in publishing and Ethical guidelines for journal publication.

Hu man and animal rights

If the work involves the use of human subjects, the author should ensure that the work described has been carried out in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) for experiments involving humans; Uniform Requirements for manuscripts submitted to Biomedical journals. Authors should include a statement in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects. The privacy rights of human subjects must always be observed.

All animal experiments should comply with the ARRIVE guidelines and should be carried out in accordance with the U.K. Animals (Scienti fi c Procedures) Act, 1986 and associated guidelines, EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments, or the National Institutes of Health guide for the care and use of Laboratory animals (NIH Publications No. 8023, revised 1978)and the authors should clearly indicate in the manuscript that such guidelines have been followed.

De claration of interest

All authors must disclose any fi nancial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately in fl uence (bias) their work. Examples of potential con fl icts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Authors must disclose any interests in two places: 1. A summary declaration of interest statement in the title page fi le (if double-blind) or the manuscript fi le (if single-blind). If there are no interests to declare then please state this: ‘Declarations of interest: none’.This summary statement will be ultimately published if the article is accepted. 2. Detailed disclosures as part of a separate Declaration of Interest form, which forms part of the journal’s of fi cial records. It is important for potential interests to be declared in both places and that the information matches. More information.

糖尿病是臨床常見的慢性疾病,分為1型、2型,臨床中2型發(fā)病較多,占90%以上。該病好發(fā)于35歲以上人群,臨床表現(xiàn)為多飲、多食、多尿、體重下降等。如不及時控制病情,則可合并多種嚴重疾病,危及生命。故本文以在我院接受治療的初診2型糖尿病患者為研究對象,探討瑞格列奈聯(lián)合二甲雙胍治療初診2型糖尿病的臨床療效,現(xiàn)詳細報告如下。

Su bmission declaration and veri fi cation

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis or as an electronic preprint, see ‘Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication’ section of our ethics policy for more information),that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify originality, your article may be checked by the originality detection service Crossref Similarity Check.

Ch anges to authorship

Authors are expected to consider carefully the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the journal Editor. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail,letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed.

Only in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue,any requests approved by the Editor will result in a corrigendum.

Co pyright

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a ‘Journal Publishing Agreement’. Acceptance of the agreement will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a ‘Journal Publishing Agreement’ form or a link to the online version of this agreement.

Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations (please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions).If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions.

El sevier supports responsible sharing

Find out how you can share your research published in Elsevier journals.

Ro le of the funding source

You are requested to identify who provided fi nancial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to brief l y describe the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding source(s) had no such involvement then this should be stated.

Fu nding body agreements and policies

Elsevier has established a number of agreements with funding bodies which allow authors to comply with their funder’s open access policies. Some funding bodies will reimburse the author for the Open Access Publication Fee. Details of existing agreements are available online.

Op en access

Every peer-reviewed research article appearing in this journal will be published open access. This means that the article is universally and freely accessible via the internet in perpetuity, in an easily readable format immediately after publication.The author does not have any publication charges for open access. Shenyang Pharmaceutical University will pay to make the article open access.

A CC user license manages the reuse of the article (see http://www.elsevier.com/openaccesslicenses). All articles will be published under the following license: Cr eative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND).

For non-commercial purposes, lets others distribute and copy the article, and to include in a collective work (such as an anthology), as long as they credit the author(s) and provided they do not alter or modify the article.

El sevier Publishing Campus

The Elsevier Publishing Campus (www.publishingcampus.com) is an online platform offering free lectures, interactive training and professional advice to support you in publishing your research. The College of Skills training offers modules on how to prepare, write and structure your article and explains how editors will look at your paper when it is submitted for publication. Use these resources, and more, to ensure that your submission will be the best that you can make it.

La nguage (usage and editing services)

Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Authors who feel their English language manuscript may require editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scienti fi c English may wish to use the English Language Editing service available from Elsevier’s WebShop.

Su bmission

Submission to this journal proceeds totally online. Use the following guidelines to prepare your article. Via the homepage of this journal (http://ees.elsevier.com/ajps) you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of the various fi les. The system automatically converts source fi les to a single Adobe Acrobat PDF version of the article, which is used in the peer-review process. Please note that even though manuscript source fi les are converted to PDF at submission for the review process, these source fi les are needed for further processing after acceptance. All correspondence, including noti fi cation of the Editor’s decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail and via the author’s homepage, removing the need for a hard-copy paper trail.

Authors should prepare their article using the template found here.

If you require any help, please contact the editorial of fi ce via E-mail: shanla3333@163.com or ajps2006@163.com.

Telephone Support for Chinese speaking users is available.Call at +86 10 85208780 (Available from 9:00 to 17:30 CST).

Su bmit your article

Please submit your article via https://www.evise.com/profi le/#/AJPS/login.

Re ferees

Please submit the names and institutional e-mail addresses of several potential referees. For more details, visit our Support site. Note that the editor retains the sole right to decide whether or not the suggested reviewers are used.

Ad ditional information

Tables and fi gures may be presented with captions within the main body of the manuscript; if so, fi gures should additionally be uploaded as high resolution fi les.

P ee r review

This journal operates a single blind review process. All contributions will be initially assessed by the editor for suitability for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of two independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the fi nal decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor’s decision is fi nal. More information on types of peer review.

Use of word processing software

It is important that the fi le be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should be in single-column format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do not use the word processor’s options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used,use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see also the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier). Note that source fi les of fi gures, tables and text graphics will be required whether or not you embed your fi gures in the text. See also the section on Electronic artwork. Please consult the Template (http://www.elsevier.com/inca/publications/misc/AJPS_Author%20Template.doc).

To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the ‘spell-check’ and ‘grammar-check’ functions of your word processor.

Art icle structure

Sub division - numbered sections

Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections.Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), 1.2,etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to ‘the text’. Any subsection may be given a brief heading.Each heading should appear on its own separate line.

Int roduction

State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.

Mat erial and methods

Provide sufficient details to allow the work to be reproduced by an independent researcher. Methods that are already published should be summarized, and indicated by a reference.If quoting directly from a previously published method, use quotation marks and also cite the source. Any modifications to existing methods should also be described.

Res ults and discussion

A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Results should be clear and concise. Discussion should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.

Con clusions

The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.

App endices

If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on. Similarly for tables and fi gures: Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.

Ess ential title page information

· Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.

· Author names and affiliations. Please clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. You can add your name between parentheses in your own script behind the English transliteration. Present the authors’ affiliation addresses(where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author’s name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation,including the country name and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.

· Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. This responsibility includes answering any future queries about Methodology and Materials. Ensure that the e-mail address and telephone are given and that contact details are kept up to date by the corresponding author.

· Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a ‘Present address’ (or ‘Permanent address’) may be indicated as a footnote to that author’s name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.

A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state brief l y the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential,then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their fi rst mention in the abstract itself. All the contents of abstract should be in one paragraph and are not be divided into several parts.

Gra phical abstract

Authors must supply a graphical abstract at the time the paper is submitted. The abstract should summarize the contents of the paper in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership and for compilation of databases. The graphical abstract is posted online only. Carefully drawn fi gures that serve to illustrate the theme of the paper are desired. Authors may also provide appropriate text,not exceeding 30 words. The content of the graphical abstract will be typeset and should be kept within an area of 5 cm by 17 cm (189 x 642 pixels), images should have a minimum resolution of 300 dpi and line art should be between 1000 dpi and 1200 dpi. Authors must supply the graphic separately as an electronic fi le. Preferred fi le types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Offi ce fi les. See http://www.elsevier.com/graphicalabstracts for examples. Authors can make use of Elsevier’s Illustration and Enhancement service to ensure the best presentation of their images also in accordance with all technical requirements: Illustration Service.

Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 6 keywords, using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, ‘a(chǎn)nd’, ‘of’).Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations fi rmly established in the fi eld may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Abb reviations

De fi ne abbreviations that are not standard in this fi eld in a footnote to be placed on the fi rst page of the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be defi ned at their fi rst mention there, as well as in the footnote.Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.

Ack nowledgements

Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise.List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).

For matting of funding sources

List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder’s requirements:

Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].

It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or type of grants and awards. When funding is from a block grant or other resources available to a university, college,or other research institution, submit the name of the institute or organization that provided the funding.

If no funding has been provided for the research, please include the following sentence:

This research did not receive any speci fi c grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-pro fi t sectors.

Sta tistics units

For sample size, the “n” is an italicized lower case letter, with a space on either side: n = 36; For P values, the “P” is an italicized lower case letter, with a space on either side: p ＜ 0.05, p = 0.562.Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other units are mentioned,please give their equivalent in SI. You are urged to consult IUB:Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents: http://www.chem.qmw.ac.uk/iubmb/ for further information. Virgule(/) is used, e.g. ng/ml NOT ng·ml-1. Litre is always a lowercase letter “l(fā)”, e.g. ml/sec, ng/ml, U/ml, g/l. Please shorten some words as follows: year(s) - y; day(s) - d; hour(s) - h; minute(s)- min; second(s) - sec; & - and. Most important, please pay attention to revise the units in the fi gures.

Mat h formulae

Present simple formulae in the line of normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).

Foo tnotes

Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors can build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used. Otherwise, please indicate the position of footnotes in the text and list the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.

Art work Ele ctronic artwork

General points

· Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.

· Embed the used fonts if the application provides that option.

· Aim to use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial,Courier, Times New Roman, Symbol, or use fonts that look similar.

· Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.

· Use a logical naming convention for your artwork fi les.

· Provide captions to illustrations separately.

· Size the illustrations close to the desired dimensions of the published version.

· Submit each illustration as a separate fi le.

A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available.

You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.

Formats

If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Of fi ce application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel) then please supply ‘a(chǎn)s is’ in the native document format.

Regardless of the application used other than Microsoft Offi ce, when your electronic artwork is fi nalized, please ‘Save as’or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):

EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings, embed all used fonts.

TIFF (or JPEG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones), keep to a minimum of 300 dpi.

TIFF (or JPEG): Bitmapped (pure black & white pixels) line drawings, keep to a minimum of 1000 dpi.

TIFF (or JPEG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale), keep to a minimum of 500 dpi.

Please do not:

· Supply fi les that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP,PICT, WPG); these typically have a low number of pixels and limited set of colors;

· Supply fi les that are too low in resolution;

· Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.

Col or artwork

Please make sure that artwork fi les are in an acceptable format(TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF), or MS Of fi ce fi les) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable color fi gures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these fi gures will appear in color online(e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate your preference for color: in print or online only. Further information on the preparation of electronic artwork.

Ill ustration services

Elsevier’s WebShop offers Illustration Services to authors preparing to submit a manuscript but concerned about the quality of the images accompanying their article. Elsevier’s expert illustrators can produce scientific, technical and medical-style images, as well as a full range of charts, tables and graphs.Image ‘polishing’ is also available, where our illustrators take your image(s) and improve them to a professional standard.Please visit the website to fi nd out more.

Fig ures

Please locate (cite) the Figures in the text unified as Fig. X in the text. (X is Arabic number.) Data in the Figures should be expressed as Mean ± SD. The SD data are added during the profiling dissolution, release, and concentration-time curves,etc. The data of the reference formulation should be provided as comparison. Please change the format of all the fi gures consulting the Figure samples in the Template (here, http://www.elsevier.com/inca/publications/misc/AJPS_Author%20Template.doc). Please provide the fi gures in clearer style and delete the unnecessary background and lines. If fi gure has more than 1 part, then the different parts are labelled using capital letters: A, B, C, etc., and in the fi gure legend, the capital letter in parentheses is placed at the beginning of the phrase that describes the corresponding part. In text, if referring to a specific part of a fi gure, write as in these examples: “Fig. 4B shows that…” OR “Fig. 4A and 4B show that…”Please specially consult the examples in the template for IR and DSC fi gures. Please combine the parts of IR (or DSC) fi gures into one fi gure using one X-axis and Y-axis, and delete the background and the unnecessary words in the fi gures.

Fig ure captions

Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the fi gure. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the fi gure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.

Tab les

Data in the Tables should be expressed as Mean ± SD. The data of the reference formulation should be provided as comparison. Please locate (cite) the Tables in the text unified as Table X(X is Arabic number.) Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the end. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text and place any table notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Please avoid using vertical rules.

Cit ation in text

Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either ‘Unpublished results’ or ‘Personal communication’. Citation of a reference as‘in press’ implies that the item has been accepted for publication.

Ref erence links

Increased discoverability of research and high quality peer review are ensured by online links to the sources cited. In order to allow us to create links to abstracting and indexing services,such as Scopus, CrossRef and PubMed, please ensure that data provided in the references are correct. Please note that incorrect surnames, journal/book titles, publication year and pagination may prevent link creation. When copying references,please be careful as they may already contain errors. Use of the DOI is encouraged.

A DOI can be used to cite and link to electronic articles where an article is in-press and full citation details are not yet known, but the article is available online. A DOI is guaranteed never to change, so you can use it as a permanent link to any electronic article. An example of a citation using DOI for an article not yet in an issue is: VanDecar J.C., Russo R.M., James D.E.,Ambeh W.B., Franke M. (2003). Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. Journal of Geophysical Research, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884.Please note the format of such citations should be in the same style as all other references in the paper.

Web references

As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.

Dat a references

This journal encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List. Data references should include the following elements: author name(s),dataset title, data repository, version (where available), year,and global persistent identifier. Add [dataset] immediately before the reference so we can properly identify it as a data reference. The [dataset] identifier will not appear in your published article.

Ref erences in a special issue

Please ensure that the words ‘this issue’ are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.

Ref erence management software

Most Elsevier journals have their reference template available in many of the most popular reference management software products. These include all products that support Citation Style Language styles, such as Mendeley and Zotero, as well as EndNote. Using the word processor plug-ins from these products, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article, after which citations and bibliographies will be automatically formatted in the journal’s style. If no template is yet available for this journal, please follow the format of the sample references and citations as shown in this Guide.

Ref erence style

Text: Indicate references by number(s) in square brackets in line with the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given. Example:‘..... as demonstrated [3,6]. Barnaby and Jones [8] obtained a different result ....’ List: Number the references (numbers in square brackets) in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.

Examples:

Reference to a journal publication:

1. Francis MF, Lavoie L, Winnik FM, Leroux JC. Solubilization of cyclosporine A in dextran-g-polyethyleneglycolalkylether polymeric micelles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2003;56(3):337-46.

2. Joshi R, Feldmann V, Koestner W, Detje C, Gottschalk S,Mayer HA, et al. Multifunctional silica nanoparticles for optical and magnetic resonance imaging. Biol Chem 2013;394(8):125-35.

Reference to a book:

3. Strunk Jr W, White EB. The elements of style. 3rd ed. New York: Macmillan; 1979. Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

4. Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, editors. Introduction to the electronic age. New York: E- Publishing Inc; 1999,p. 281-304.

Note shortened form for last page number. e.g., 51-9, and that for more than 6 authors, the fi rst 6 should be listed followed by `et al.’

Jou rnal abbreviations source

Journal names should be abbreviated according to the List of Title Word Abbreviations.

Vid eo

Elsevier accepts video material and animation sequences to support and enhance your scienti fi c research. Authors who have video or animation fi les that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include links to these within the body of the article. This can be done in the same way as a fi gure or table by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it should be placed. All submitted fi les should be properly labeled so that they directly relate to the video fi le’s content. In order to ensure that your video or animation material is directly usable,please provide the fi le in one of our recommended fi le formats with a preferred maximum size of 150 MB per fi le, 1 GB in total.Video and animation fi les supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect. Please supply ‘stills’ with your fi les: you can choose any frame from the video or animation or make a separate image. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. For more detailed instructions please visit our video instruction pages.Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the print version of the journal, please provide text for both the electronic and the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.

Sup plementary material

Supplementary material such as applications, images and sound clips, can be published with your article to enhance it.Submitted supplementary items are published exactly as they are received (Excel or PowerPoint fi les will appear as such online). Please submit your material together with the article and supply a concise, descriptive caption for each supplementary fi le. If you wish to make changes to supplementary material during any stage of the process, please make sure to provide an updated fi le. Do not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Please switch off the ‘Track Changes’ option in Microsoft Office fi les as these will appear in the published version.

RES EARCH DATA

This journal encourages and enables you to share data that supports your research publication where appropriate, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles.Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research fi ndings. To facilitate reproducibility and data reuse, this journal also encourages you to share your software, code, models, algorithms, protocols,methods and other useful materials related to the project.

Below are a number of ways in which you can associate data with your article or make a statement about the availability of your data when submitting your manuscript. If you are sharing data in one of these ways, you are encouraged to cite the data in your manuscript and reference list. Please refer to the “References” section for more information about data citation. For more information on depositing, sharing and using research data and other relevant research materials, visit the research data page.

Dat a linking

If you have made your research data available in a data repository, you can link your article directly to the dataset. Elsevier collaborates with a number of repositories to link articles on ScienceDirect with relevant repositories, giving readers access to underlying data that gives them a better understanding of the research described.

There are different ways to link your datasets to your article.When available, you can directly link your dataset to your article by providing the relevant information in the submission system. For more information, visit the database linking page.

For supported data repositories a repository banner will automatically appear next to your published article on Science-Direct.

In addition, you can link to relevant data or entities through identifiers within the text of your manuscript, using the following format: Database: xxxx (e.g., TAIR: AT1G01020; CCDC:734053; PDB: 1XFN).

Men deley Data

This journal supports Mendeley Data, enabling you to deposit any research data (including raw and processed data, video,code, software, algorithms, protocols, and methods) associated with your manuscript in a free-to-use, open access repository.During the submission process, after uploading your manuscript, you will have the opportunity to upload your relevant datasets directly to Mendeley Data. The datasets will be listed and directly accessible to readers next to your published article online.

For more information, visit the Mendeley Data for journals page.

Dat a statement

To foster transparency, we encourage you to state the availability of your data in your submission. This may be a requirement of your funding body or institution. If your data is unavailable to access or unsuitable to post, you will have the opportunity to indicate why during the submission process, for example by stating that the research data is confidential. The statement will appear with your published article on ScienceDirect. For more information, visit the Data Statement page.

Pr oo fs

One set of page proofs (as PDF fi les) will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author (if we do not have an e-mail address then paper proofs will be sent by post) or, a link will be provided in the e-mail so that authors can download the fi les themselves. Elsevier now provides authors with PDF proofs which can be annotated; for this you will need to download the free Adobe Reader, version 9 (or higher). Instructions on how to annotate PDF fi les will accompany the proofs (also given online).The exact system requirements are given at the Adobe site.

If you do not wish to use the PDF annotations function, you may list the corrections (including replies to the Query Form)and return them to Elsevier in an e-mail. Please list your corrections quoting line number. If, for any reason, this is not possible, then mark the corrections and any other comments (including replies to the Query Form) on a printout of your proof and scan the pages and return via e-mail. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and fi gures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately. It is important to ensure that all corrections are sent back to us in one communication: please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.

Offp rints

The corresponding author will be notified and receive a link to the published version of the open access article on ScienceDirect. This link is in the form of an article DOI link which can be shared via email and social networks. For an extra charge, paper offprints can be ordered via the offprint order form which is sent once the article is accepted for publication. Both corresponding and co-authors may order offprints at any time via Elsevier’s Webshop. Authors requiring printed copies of multiple articles may use Elsevier Webshop’s ‘Create Your Own Book’ service to collate multiple articles within a single cover.

Vi sit the Elsevier Support Center to fi nd the answers you need.Here you will fi nd everything from Frequently Asked Questions to ways to get in touch.

You can also check the status of your submitted article or fi nd out when your accepted article will be published.