張志華
【摘要】 目的:探討胎糞吸入綜合征采取高頻振蕩通氣治療的臨床效果。方法:選取筆者所在醫(yī)院接收的50例新生兒胎糞吸入綜合征患者,時間為2015年6月-2018年12月,隨機分為對照組(n=25,采取常頻機械通氣)與觀察組(n=25,采取高頻振蕩通氣治療),對臨床療效及相關指標進行觀察。結果:觀察組在給予呼吸支持后12、24、48、72 h的PO2、a/APO2、SaO2均高于對照組,PCO2低于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.05);觀察組氧療時間、使用呼吸機時間均短于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.05);觀察組呼吸機相關性肺炎發(fā)生率低于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論:新生兒胎糞吸入綜合征采取高頻振蕩通氣模式治療,效果顯著,值得推廣。
【關鍵詞】 常頻機械通氣; 胎糞吸入綜合征; 高頻振蕩通氣
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.18.008 文獻標識碼 B 文章編號 1674-6805(2019)18-00-03
【Abstract】 Objective:To study the clinical effect of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in meconium aspiration syndrome(MAS).Method:A total of 50 MAS children treated from June 2015 to December 2018 in our hospital were selected and randomly assigned to two groups,25 cases in each group.The control group was served as conventional mechanical ventilation,the observation group was served as high-frequency oscillatory ventilation.The clinical effect and index was probed.Result:After 12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h of ventilation,the values of PO2(partial pressure of oxygen),a/APO2(arterial oxygen/alveolar oxygen) and SaO2(arterial oxygen saturation) in the observation group were significantly higher than control group(P<0.05),the values of PCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) in the observation group were significantly lower than control group(P<0.05).The oxygen therapy time and ventilation time in the observation group was significantly shorter than control group (P<0.05),the incidence rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the observation group was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05).Conclusion:The high-frequency oscillatory ventilation has an obvious effect in meconium aspiration syndrome children.It is worthy of promotion.
【Key words】 Conventional mechanical ventilation; Meconium aspiration syndrome; High-frequency oscillatory ventilation
First-authors address:Heyuan Women & Childrens Hospital and Health Institute,Heyuan 517000,China
新生兒胎糞吸入綜合征(MAS)發(fā)病率為2%,以足月兒及過期產兒多發(fā),是指胎兒吸入被胎糞污染的羊水,導致通氣障礙,并伴有肺組織炎癥反應,臨床主要表現為呼吸窘迫[1]。MAS多需要予以機械通氣治療,近年來,高頻振蕩通氣廣泛應用于新生兒呼吸道疾病的治療中,但其用于治療MAS的報道較少。本研究中通過對2015年6月-2018年12月筆者所在醫(yī)院接收的MAS患兒臨床資料進行回顧性分析,探討胎糞吸入綜合征采取高頻振蕩通氣治療的臨床療效,內容如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選取筆者所在醫(yī)院接收的50例新生兒胎糞吸入綜合征患者,時間為2015年6月-2018年12月。納入患者均符合胎糞吸入綜合征相關診斷標準:(1)出生時有宮內窘迫史、窒息史;(2)可觀察到聲門下方有胎糞顆粒;(3)胸片顯示肺部有顆粒狀陰影;(4)滿足機械通氣指征:PCO2 60~70 mm Hg伴pH<7.25;PO2<50 mm Hg;經皮氧飽和度(TcSO2)<85%或FiO2=0.6。排除標準:(1)合并先天性膈疝、先天性心肺畸形及氣管食管瘺等;(2)Apgar評分低于3分;(3)生平體征不平穩(wěn);(4)顱內出血等級為Ⅲ~Ⅳ。將入選者隨機分為對照組(n=25,采取常頻機械通氣)與觀察組(n=25,采取高頻振蕩通氣治療)。觀察組中,女8例,男17例,胎齡(38.5±3.5)周,出生體重(3 190±1 310)g,Apgar評分(7±3)分。對照組中,女7例,男18例,胎齡(38.4±3.1)周,出生體重(3 160±690)g,Apgar評分(7±3)分。兩組患兒一般資料比較差異無統計學意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究經醫(yī)院倫理委員會批準,患者均知情同意。