張楠 譚紅艷 王忠紅 衣家奇 于宏達(dá) 宋微
[摘要] 目的 觀察多排螺旋CT診斷及鑒別診斷甲狀腺癌的臨床價(jià)值。 方法 選取2017年12月~2018年12月于我院治療的56例疑似甲狀腺癌患者作為研究對象,應(yīng)用多排螺旋CT進(jìn)行檢查,并與病理檢查進(jìn)行對比,并對甲狀腺癌與良性甲狀腺疾病的腫瘤邊界是否清晰、腫瘤包膜是否完整、是否出現(xiàn)鈣化及囊變、強(qiáng)化程度及是否伴有頸部淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移方面進(jìn)行對比。 結(jié)果 56例疑似甲狀腺癌患者中,經(jīng)病理證實(shí)確診40例,余16例為甲狀腺良性病變。多排螺旋CT檢查診斷的準(zhǔn)確性為83.9%(47/56),甲狀腺癌與甲狀腺良性病變在腫瘤邊界、腫瘤包膜、囊變、鈣化、強(qiáng)化程度及伴有頸部淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移方面比較,差異具有顯著性(P<0.05)。 結(jié)論 多排螺旋CT診斷及鑒別診斷甲狀腺癌具有重要的臨床價(jià)值。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 甲狀腺癌;多排螺旋CT;準(zhǔn)確性;病理
[中圖分類號] R730.44;R736.1? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701(2019)19-0122-03
[Abstract] Objective To observe the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Methods A total of 56 patients with suspected thyroid cancer who were treated in our hospital from December 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled in this study. They underwent multi-slice spiral CT examination and the CT results were compared with pathological examination. Whether the tumor boundary was clear, whether the tumor capsule was intact, whether calcification and cystic changes occurred, the degree of enhancement and whether it was accompanied by cervical lymph node between metastasis thyroid cancer and benign thyroid disease was compared. Results Of the 56 patients with suspected thyroid cancer, 40 were confirmed by pathology and the remaining 16 were benign thyroid lesions. The accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT examination was 83.9%(47/56). The difference between thyroid cancer and benign thyroid lesions in tumor boundary, tumor capsule, cystic change, calcification, degree of enhancement and cervical lymph node metastasis was significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Multi-slice spiral CT has important clinical value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer.
[Key words] Thyroid cancer; Multi-slice spiral CT; Accuracy; Pathology
甲狀腺癌(thyroid carcinoma)是甲狀腺最常見的惡性腫瘤,約占全身惡性腫瘤的1%[1]。近年來,由于受環(huán)境、遺傳和射線暴露等因素影響,其發(fā)病率逐年升高。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),不同影像診斷方式對甲狀腺癌的診斷及準(zhǔn)確性也不太相同[2]。近年來隨著多層螺旋CT掃描技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,其已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于各種腫瘤的診斷與鑒別診斷中,并取得了較好的診斷效果,本研究旨在探討多層螺旋CT對甲狀腺癌的診斷和鑒別診斷價(jià)值,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選取2017年12月~2018年12月于我院治療的56例疑似甲狀腺癌患者作為研究對象,排除先天性甲狀腺疾病患者及合并其他部位惡性腫瘤患者;排除合并嚴(yán)重心肝腎功能不全、精神疾病者、對比劑過敏者。其中男36例,女20例,年齡24~60歲,平均年齡(34.6±3.5)歲。病變部位:右側(cè)26 例,左26例,雙側(cè)4例。
1.2 方法
采用日本東芝 16排螺旋CT進(jìn)行檢測。掃描前囑患者呼吸和屏氣,盡量保持呼吸平穩(wěn)、禁吞咽。平掃:充分暴露患者頸部,從下頜角開始掃描至胸廓入口處結(jié)束。參數(shù)設(shè)置:電流300 mA,電壓120 kV,層厚4 mm,螺距53,視野350 mm×350 mm。增強(qiáng)掃描:平掃后靜脈注射造影劑碘海醇60~80 mL,后靜脈注射生理鹽水36 mL,于注射結(jié)束后的第25秒、第60秒進(jìn)行增強(qiáng)掃描。檢測儀器應(yīng)用日本東芝公司生產(chǎn)的 16排螺旋CT,檢查過程中指導(dǎo)患者掃描前練習(xí)不吞咽動(dòng)作,掃描時(shí)取仰臥位,掃描范圍從聲帶水平至頸根部,根據(jù)病灶大小延伸至上縱膈部位。CT掃描螺距 0.516:1,層厚5 mm,層距5 mm。增強(qiáng)掃描采用碘佛醇為對比劑,應(yīng)用高壓注射器行肘部靜脈團(tuán)注,注射速度3 mL/s,注射量80~100 mL,注射碘佛醇后22 s、50~60 s進(jìn)行掃描。