顧伶俐

摘 要 目的：通過分析65歲以上老年人上腹部B超結果，了解社區(qū)老年人檢出疾病的特點，為家庭醫(yī)生開展工作提供參考。方法：將2017年在岳陽社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務中心接受健康體檢的4 960名65歲以上老年人作為研究對象，其中男性2 201人（44.38%），年齡65～89歲；女性2 759人（55.62%），年齡65～104歲。分析研究對象上腹部B超檢出疾病的資料。結果：4 960名研究對象中，上腹部B超異常檢出3 785人，異常率檢出率76.31%。年齡越大，B超異常檢出率越高，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。脂肪肝、肝囊腫、膽囊結石、膽囊息肉、血吸蟲肝、肝內實質性占位、膽總管擴張的檢出率分別為70.63%、24.19%、14.35%、5.34%、4.05%、0.99%、2.06%。結論：在健康體檢中，應重視B超檢查對肝膽疾病的篩查價值，家庭醫(yī)生應加強對該類疾病的健康教育，注意強化對老年人整體健康生活的指導。

關鍵詞 上腹部；B超；老年人；異常檢出率

中圖分類號：R445.1 文獻標志碼：A 文章編號：1006-1533（2019）16-0053-02

Analysis of the results of B-mode ultrasonography in the upper abdomen of the elderly in a community in Shanghai

GU Linli（General Practice Department of Yueyang Community Health Service Center of Songjiang District， Shanghai 201699， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： By analyzing the results of B-mode ultrasonography in the upper abdomen of the elderly over 65 years old to understand the characteristics of the disease detected in the elderly in the community， and to provide reference for the family doctors to carry out their work. Methods： A total of 4 960 elderly people over the age of 65 who received a health checkup at Yueyang Community Health Service Center in 2017 were selected as the research subjects， and among them， 2 201 males（44.38%） were aged 65-89 years old； 2 759 females（55.62%） were aged 65～104 years old. The data of diseases detected by B-mode ultrasonography in upper abdomen of the research subjects were analyzed. Results： Among 4 960 research subjects， 3 785 abnormalities were detected by B-mode ultrasonography in the upper abdomen， and the detection rate of abnormal rate was 76.31%. The higher the age was， the higher the abnormal rate detected by B-mode ultrasonography was， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The detection rates of fatty liver， hepatic cyst， gallstone， gallbladder polyp， schistosomiasis liver， intrahepatic parenchymal occupancy and common bile duct dilatation were 70.63%， 24.19%， 14.35%， 5.34%， 4.05%， 0.99% and 2.06%， respectively. Conclusion： In the health checkup， attention should be paid to the value of B-mode ultrasonography for hepatobiliary diseases， family doctors should strengthen the health education of such diseases and pay attention to strengthening the guidance for the overall healthy life of the elderly.

KEY WORDS upper abdomen； B-ultrasound； old people； abnormal detection rate

B超檢查作為一項醫(yī)學輔助檢查項目，可以清晰的顯示腹部實質性臟器情況，且具有無創(chuàng)、快速等特點，在臨床中具有很高的使用價值。應用B超檢查還可以早期發(fā)現(xiàn)疾病，廣泛應用于醫(yī)療和健康體檢中，為篩查疾病提供了很大幫助。本文旨在分析65歲以上老年人上腹部B超檢查的結果，為家庭醫(yī)生開展簽約服務提供參考價值。