潘小知
《英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》提出應(yīng)該從“語(yǔ)言能力、文化品格、思維品質(zhì)、學(xué)習(xí)能力”這四個(gè)方面來(lái)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)“核心素養(yǎng)”。所以,筆者希望通過(guò)“核心素養(yǎng)”的四個(gè)方面來(lái)對(duì)文本的進(jìn)行全面解讀從而培養(yǎng)具有“核心素養(yǎng)”的學(xué)生。以下,筆者將以人教版必修三Unit 3“Computer”的reading部分進(jìn)行解讀。
這篇課文是一篇說(shuō)明文,難度適中,文章框架結(jié)構(gòu)較為清晰,但是比較枯燥無(wú)味。學(xué)生可能不是很感興趣,所以這次閱讀教學(xué),作者嘗試著打破傳統(tǒng)閱讀教學(xué)模式從文本解讀的角度來(lái)剖析文章。為了調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的參與性,作者從計(jì)算機(jī)第一人稱(chēng)的角度帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生來(lái)了解我(計(jì)算機(jī))的發(fā)展歷程。
新課標(biāo)提出,要使得學(xué)生有預(yù)測(cè)文本和概括文章大意的要求,所以在開(kāi)篇作者用文章的標(biāo)題提出一個(gè)“Who Am I”的問(wèn)題,讓學(xué)生對(duì)標(biāo)題進(jìn)行一個(gè)事先的猜想,在此過(guò)程中鍛煉學(xué)生的文本猜測(cè)能力,而這篇課文有意思的的地方在于標(biāo)題的設(shè)置,它既能引起學(xué)生的閱讀興趣,又是文章的發(fā)展主線(xiàn)。所以,在接下來(lái)的閱讀中,作者以時(shí)間為主線(xiàn),圍繞“Who Am I”主題,采用信息提取的方法,設(shè)置一系列的閱讀問(wèn)題,讓學(xué)生了解不同時(shí)期“我”的變化和發(fā)展。
總之,解讀文本是英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)的基礎(chǔ),只有全面解讀了文本,教師才能根據(jù)實(shí)際情況因材施教,才能更好地構(gòu)建更高效的課堂教學(xué),才能真正讓學(xué)生成為學(xué)習(xí)的主體,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)培養(yǎng)具有核心素養(yǎng)的學(xué)生的這一最終目標(biāo)。
以下,筆者將以人教版必修二Unit 2“Computers”的reading部分Who Am I為例進(jìn)行解讀。
Teaching procedures 教學(xué)過(guò)程
Step 1. Lead-in (導(dǎo)入who am I?)
Show pictures and use “Who am I” to make a question and do a brief introduction to arouse students interest.
Purpose:Use “Who am I” to make a question and do a brief introduction to arouse students interest. (通過(guò)圖片導(dǎo)入,以第一人稱(chēng)詢(xún)問(wèn)學(xué)生我是誰(shuí),進(jìn)行熱身,調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的好奇心,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,為進(jìn)入課文學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊。)
Step2. Reading(文本解讀)
Task1: Who am I?
Let students read Part1 and finish the tasks.1. Who am I ? 2. What could I do?
During this period , show students some pictures of computers in different periods and let them find how the size changed?Why did I change from big to small?
Purpose:Read the first part and know the development of computer. Meanwhile , I show students some pictures and let them compare the difference in size to prepare for the changes of memory in the next part. ( 閱讀第一段文章,了解計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展史。通過(guò)圖片讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行對(duì)比計(jì)算機(jī)體型的變化,為下一段計(jì)算機(jī)存儲(chǔ)方式進(jìn)行預(yù)設(shè)和鋪墊。)
Task2. Where was I stored?
Read part2 and find the answer.
Since my size is being smaller and my memory is becoming stronger, why I felt lonely?
Purpose:Read the second part and get some information about the store ways to get some details about the size and memory. In addition, let them know a little about the connection between the paragraphs. ( 閱讀第二段文章,了解計(jì)算機(jī)的存儲(chǔ)器情況。通過(guò)對(duì)比存儲(chǔ)器大小和容量大小,體會(huì)計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展。提問(wèn)為何計(jì)算機(jī)變得強(qiáng)大,卻變得孤獨(dú),因?yàn)橛?jì)算機(jī)需要朋友交流,為下段計(jì)算機(jī)的多用途作鋪墊。)
Task3. A devoted friend
Read part3 and find the new application
Purpose:let students know the further functions of ?the computer and the feeling of the computer to prepare for the moral goal. ( 了解計(jì)算機(jī)的用途,思考為何我現(xiàn)在變的快樂(lè)。讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)分析情感的變化,為讀后情感的提升做鋪墊。)
Step3. Post-reading(文本深度解讀)
Task4. Analyze the structure of the passage.
Purpose: learn to analyze the passage structure and know some information about an exposition and how to write an exposition. ( 對(duì)文本進(jìn)行深度解讀,讓學(xué)生理清文章的寫(xiě)作線(xiàn)索,寫(xiě)作手法和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)等。學(xué)習(xí)分析說(shuō)明文的寫(xiě)作手法。)
Step4 Assignment
Keep away from the computer and spend more time accompanying your parents and studying.
Purpose:use the computer properly and dont be addicted to the computer games. They should spend more time on study and accompanying their parents. ( 恰當(dāng)使用電腦,不要沉迷電腦游戲,多花時(shí)間陪伴父母和學(xué)習(xí)。)