付美玲 張文治 白麗明 韓松 龐婧慧
摘 要:? 該研究采用硅膠柱色譜、半制備型高效液相色譜和重結晶等方法對落葉松針葉乙酸乙酯萃取物進行分離純化,利用NMR、MS現(xiàn)代波譜技術結合相關文獻報道對分離得到的化合物進行結構鑒定,并對提取浸膏的抑菌活性進行了測試。結果表明:從落葉松針葉乙酸乙酯萃取物中分離得到15個化合物,分別鑒定為Larixol (1)、(2R)-5,4′-二羥基-6-甲基-7-甲氧基-黃酮 (2)、2′,4′-二羥基-4,6′-二甲氧基二氫查爾酮 (3)、2′,4-二羥基-4′,6′-二甲氧基查爾酮 (4)、2′,4′-二羥基-4,6′-二甲氧基查爾酮 (5)、異鼠李素 (6)、4′,5-二羥基-7-甲氧基-8-甲基黃酮 (7)、山奈酚 (8)、β-谷甾醇 (9)、豆甾醇 (10)、胡蘿卜苷 (11)、香草酸 (12)、對羥基苯甲酸 (13)、二甲基羅漢松脂素 (14)、15-二十九烷醇 (15)。其中,化合物2,4,5和7為首次從該屬植物中分離得到。抑菌活性實驗結果顯示,乙酸乙酯萃取浸膏在濃度為5~100 mg·mL-1時對大腸桿菌、枯草芽孢桿菌、蠟樣芽孢桿菌和金黃色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分別為55%~70%、53%~72%、61%~71%和33%~65%。上述結果為更加深入探究落葉松針葉化學成分和藥理活性提供了一定理論依據(jù)。
關鍵詞: 落葉松針葉, 化學成分, 黃酮, 香草酸, 抑菌活性
中圖分類號:? Q946
文獻標識碼:? A
文章編號:? 1000-3142(2020)05-0654-09
Chemical constituents of Larix gmelinii needles
FU Meiling, ZHANG Wenzhi*, BAI Liming, HAN Song, PANG Jinghui
( College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China )
Abstract:? To study on chemical constituents and bioactivity of Larix gmelinii needles, separation and purification of ethyl acetate extract from Larix gmelinii needles were carried out by silica gel column chromatography, semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography, and re-crystallization. The structures of isolated compounds were identified by analysis of spectra of MS, NMR, and compared with the reported conferences. The antibacterial activity of the extract was also tested. The results were as follows: Compounds 1-15 were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract and identified as Larixol (1), (2R)-5,4′-dihydroxy-6-methyl-7-methoxy flavone (2), 2′,4′-dihydroxy-4,6′-dimethoxydihydro-chalcone (3), 2′,4-dihydroxy-4′,6′-dimethoxy-chalcone (4), 2′,4′-dihydroxy-4,6′-dimethoxy-chalcone (5), isorhamnetin (6), 4′,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-8-methyl flavone (7), kaempferol (8), β-sitosterol (9), stigmasterol (10), daucosterol (11), vanillic acid (12), hydroxyl-benzoic acid (13), dimethyl-matairesinol (14), and 15-nonacosanol (15). Compounds 2, 4, 5, and 7 were isolated from the genus Pinus for the first time. The result of antibacterial activity indicated that the inhibition rates of ethyl acetate extract to Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus were 55%-70%, 53%-72%, 61%-71%, 33%-65%, respectively, at the concentration range of 5-100 mg·mL-1. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for further study on the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of Larix gmelinii.
Key words: Larix gmelinii needles, chemical constituents, flavanone, vanillic acid, antibacterial activity
落葉松(Larix gmelinii)是松科落葉松屬的落葉喬木,是松科中的重要成員之一,被譽為“北方杉木”(于震,2014),在我國主要分布于東北大小興安嶺、河北、山西、陜西及四川北部等地(姜貴全,2013)。其針葉部分主要含有黃酮類、單萜和倍半萜類揮發(fā)油(韓芬等,2008),藥理研究表明落葉松針葉具有抗氧化(Kolhir et al.,1996;Willfor et al.,2003;Wang et al.,2011;Ma et al.,2012)、抗炎(Pferschy-Wenzig et al.,2008)、抗病毒(張衛(wèi)鵬等,2013)、抗癌(劉妍和王遂,2011)、抗腫瘤(Ohtsu et al.,2001;張澤生等,2012)、抗輻射(楊磊等,2009)、抗突變(周恩寶,2009)、調(diào)節(jié)免疫(崔曉霞等,2012)、抑菌(馬海旭和郭阿君,2017)、殺蟲(崔義等,2016)等生物活性。
為了進一步明確落葉松針葉的化學成分及生物活性,本課題組對落葉松針葉乙酸乙酯萃取物的化學成分和抑菌活性進行了研究,共分離得到15個單體化合物,分別鑒定為Larixol (1)、(2R)-5,4′-二羥基-6-甲基-7-甲氧基-黃酮 (2)、2′,4′-二羥基-4,6′-二甲氧基二氫查爾酮 (3)、2′,4-二羥基-4′,6′-二甲氧基查爾酮 (4)、2′,4′-二羥基-4,6′-二甲氧基查爾酮 (5)、異鼠李素 (6)、4′,5-二羥基-7-甲氧基-8-甲基黃酮 (7)、山奈酚 (8)、β-谷甾醇 (9)、豆甾醇 (10)、胡蘿卜苷 (11)、香草酸 (12)、對羥基苯甲酸 (13)、二甲基羅漢松脂素 (14)和15-二十九烷醇 (15),化合物1-15結構式見圖1所示。此外,不同濃度乙酸乙酯萃取物對大腸桿菌、枯草芽孢桿菌、蠟樣芽孢桿菌和金黃色葡萄球菌均表現(xiàn)出不同程度的抑菌活性。
研究結果進一步表明,黃酮類化合物2,4,5和7為首次從落葉松屬植物中分離得到,初次發(fā)現(xiàn)落葉松針葉乙酸乙酯萃取物在一定濃度范圍內(nèi)對枯草芽孢桿菌和蠟樣芽孢桿菌具有抑菌作用,該研究結果為進一步開發(fā)利用落葉松針葉的藥用價值提供理論依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1.1 儀器、試劑和材料
1.1.1 儀器 Bruker AV-600核磁共振儀(美國Bruker公司);Yanako熔點儀(北京泰克儀器有限公司);YXQ-LS-50S11型立式壓力蒸汽滅菌器(上海博訊實業(yè)有限公司醫(yī)療設備廠);SW-CJ-LED型超凈工作臺(上海錦屏儀器儀表有限公司通州分公司);MIR-253型恒溫培養(yǎng)箱(上海精宏實驗設備有限公司);5988A 型質(zhì)譜儀(美國安捷倫公司);Waters 2489高效液相色譜系統(tǒng)(Waters科技上海有限公司);薄層色譜板20 cm silicagel GF254(青島海洋化工廠);C18半制備色譜柱(250 mm×10 mm,5 μm,美國 kromsil 公司);RE-52AA旋轉蒸發(fā)器(上海亞榮生化儀器廠)。
1.1.2 試劑 瓊脂粉(北京奧博星生物技術有限責任公司),氯化鈉(天津市凱通化學試劑有限公司),胰蛋白胨(北京奧博星生物技術有限責任公司),酵母浸粉(北京奧博星生物技術有限責任公司),除高效液相色譜使用的溶劑為色譜純(天津市科密歐化學試劑有限公司)外,其他溶劑均為分析純。
1.1.3 材料 落葉松針葉,于2017年8月采集于黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市青年林場,經(jīng)齊齊哈爾大學生命學院楊曉杰教授鑒定為落葉松(Larix gmelinii)針葉。
1.1.4 供試菌種 大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli)、蠟樣芽孢桿菌(Bacillus cereus)、枯草芽孢桿菌(B. subtilis)和金黃色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)均由齊齊哈爾大學生命學院提供。
1.2 提取和分離
取干燥落葉松針葉15 kg,粉碎,用無水乙醇浸泡提取3次,每次8 d,合并提取液,減壓濃縮得浸膏460 g。將浸膏溶于熱水中形成混懸溶液,依次以正己烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取。分別合并各部位萃取液,減壓蒸餾得到正己烷萃取物(124 g),乙酸乙酯萃取物(98 g)和正丁醇萃取物(74 g)。
乙酸乙酯萃取物(98 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜進行梯度洗脫(正己烷:乙酸乙酯=1:0~0:1),分離得到6個流分(Fr.1-6),F(xiàn)r.2經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離(正己烷:乙酸乙酯=5:1,7:3),得到10個流分(Fr.2-1~2-10),F(xiàn)r.2-3經(jīng)過重結晶(正己烷:乙酸乙酯=5:1),得到化合物1(15.2 mg)。Fr.3經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離(正己烷:乙酸乙酯=6:4),得到8個流分(Fr.3-1~3-8),F(xiàn)r.3-7經(jīng) HPLC? [Cosmosil 5C18 AR-II(10 mm × 250 mm),水:甲醇=1:9,流速 2 mL·min-1]進一步純化,得到化合物2(14.3 mg)。Fr.4經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離(二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=9:1,8:2,7:3),得到16個流分(Fr.4-1~4-16),F(xiàn)r.4-4經(jīng)過重結晶(二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=8:2),得到化合物3(7.1 mg),分別將Fr.4-6和Fr.4-10進行重結晶(二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=7:3)處理,得到化合物4(9.4 mg)和化合物5(12 mg)。Fr.4-11經(jīng)過重結晶(乙酸乙酯),得到化合物6(9.4 mg)。Fr.4-13經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜,以正己烷-乙酸乙酯(7:3)洗脫,得到2個流分(Fr.4-13-1~4-13-2),F(xiàn)r.4-13-1重結晶(乙酸乙酯)得到化合物7(5.5 mg)。Fr.4-15重結晶(乙酸乙酯)得到化合物8(6.9 mg)。Fr.1經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離(正己烷:乙酸乙酯=9:1,8:2),得到12個流分(Fr.1-1~1-12),F(xiàn)r.1-2經(jīng)過重結晶(乙酸乙酯),得到化合物9(16.3 mg)。Fr.2-6經(jīng)過重結晶(乙酸乙酯),得到化合物10(5.4 mg)。Fr.5經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離(二氯甲烷:甲醇=9:1),得到9個流分(Fr.5-1~5-9),F(xiàn)r.5-7經(jīng)過重結晶(甲醇),得到化合物11(20 mg)。Fr.4-13-2經(jīng)過重結晶(乙酸乙酯),得到化合物12(8.6 mg)。Fr.4-14經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜,以正己烷-乙酸乙酯(7:3)洗脫,得到化合物13(7.1 mg)。Fr.4-7經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜,以正己烷-乙酸乙酯(7:3)洗脫,經(jīng)過重結晶(乙酸乙酯)得到化合物14(7.2 mg)。Fr.1-5經(jīng)HPLC? [Cosmosil 5C18 AR-II(10 mm × 250 mm),水:甲醇=5:95,流速2 mL·min-1]進一步純化得到化合物15(20.3 mg)。
1.3 抑菌活性實驗
乙酸乙酯萃取物以丙酮作為溶劑,配制濃度分別為100、50、20、10和5 mg·mL-1溶液,用于抑菌活性測定。參照趙赟鑫(2010)的實驗方法,首先,選擇直徑為9 cm培養(yǎng)皿制備PDA平板,滅菌;再用涂布器在平板上均勻涂布大腸桿菌、枯草芽孢桿菌、蠟樣芽孢桿菌和金黃色葡萄球菌的菌懸液;最后,采用打孔法,用直徑為6 mm的無菌打孔器在已涂布菌懸液的培養(yǎng)基上打孔,每孔加入上述不同濃度萃取物藥液50 μL,以等體積的丙酮為空白對照,每個處理重復3次。用十字交叉法(田雙娥,2019)測量菌落直徑,D處理為處理菌落直徑,D對照為對照菌落直徑,并通過以下公式計算抑菌率。
2 結果與分析
2.1 結構鑒定
化合物1 白色晶體(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 101~102 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 306? [M]+, 分子式為C20H34O2, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.69 (3H, s, H-20), 1.01 (3H, s, H-19), 1.16 (3H, s, H-18), 1.26 (3H, s, H-16), 2.05 (1H, t, J=11.8 Hz, H-7), 2.67 (1H, dd, J=4.8, 12.0 Hz, H-7), 3.86 (1H, m, H-6), 4.59 (1H, d, J=1.4 Hz, H-17), 4.89 (1H, d, J=1.4Hz, H-17), 5.06 (1H, dd, J=1.2, 10.6 Hz, H-15), 5.21 (1H, dd, J=1.2, 17.1 Hz, H-15), 5.91 (1H, dd, J=10.9, 17.1 Hz, H-14); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 39.3 (C-1), 19.2 (C-2), 43.8 (C-3), 33.9 (C-4), 60.6 (C-5), 71.7 (C-6), 49.2 (C-7), 145.6 (C-8), 56.5 (C-9), 39.6 (C-10), 18.1 (C-11), 41.4 (C-12), 73.6 (C-13), 145.3 (C-14), 111.7 (C-15), 27.8 (C-16), 108.5 (C-17), 36.7 (C-18), 22.7 (C-19), 16.1 (C-20)。根據(jù)文獻報道(楊保華,2004),鑒定化合物1為Larixol。
化合物2 黃色油狀物(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),EI-MS m/z: 301? [M]+, 分子式為C17H17O5, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 2.05 (1H, s, CH3-6), 2.76 (1H, dd, J=2.7, 17.1 Hz, H-3), 3.09 (1H, dd, J=13.1, 17.1 Hz, H-3), 3.83 (3H, s, OCH3-7), 5.35 (1H, dd, J=2.7, 13.1 Hz, H-2), 6.07 (1H, s, H-8), 6.88 (2H, d, J=8.3 Hz, H-3′, H-5′), 7.34 (2H, d, J=8.3 Hz, H-2′, H-6′), 12.06 (OH-5); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 79.1 (C-2), 43.3 (C-3),196.1 (C-4), 160.4 (C-5), 106.0 (C-6), 165.8 (C-7), 90.7 (C-8), 161.3 (C-9), 102.8 (C-10), 130.6 (C-1′), 128.0 (C-2′, C-6′), 115.7 (C-3′ and C-5′), 156.3 (C-4′), 8.2 (CH3-6), 55.8 (OCH3-7)。根據(jù)文獻報道(Leyte-Lugo et al.,2017),鑒定化合物2為(2R)-5,4′-dihydroxy-6-C-methyl-7-methoxy-flavanone。
化合物3 黃色結晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 172~173 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 302? [M]+, 分子式為C17H18O5, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 2.95 (2H, t, J=7.5 Hz, H2-β), 3.30 (2H, t, J=7.5 Hz, H2-α), 3.78 (3H, s, OCH3-4′), 3.80 (3H, s, OCH3-6′), 6.18 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz, H-5′), 6.88 (2H, d, J=8.5 Hz, H-3, H-5), 7.16 (2H, d, J=8.5 Hz, H-2, H-6), 13.96 (1H, s, OH-2′); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 133.8(C-1), 129.7 (C-2, C-6 ), 157.9 (C-4), 115.0 (C-3, C-5), 105.0 (C-1′), 166.6 (C-2′), 96.2 (C-3′), 165.3 (C-4′), 91.8 (C-5′), 163.5 (C-6′), 55.4 (OCH3-4′), 56.3 (OCH3-6′), 45.9 (C-α), 29.8 (C-β), 204.3 (C=O)。根據(jù)文獻報道(Seidel et al.,2000),鑒定化合物3為2′,4′-dihydroxy-4,6′-dimethoxydihydrochalcone。
化合物4 黃色針晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 186~187 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 300? [M]+, 分子式為C17H16O5, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 3.81 (3H, s, OCH3-4′), 3.88 (3H, s, OCH3-6′), 5.92 (1H, d, J=2.1 Hz, H-5′), 6.01 (1H, d, J=2.2 Hz, H-3′), 6.93 (2H, d, J=8.5 Hz, H-3, H-5), 7.54 (2H, d, J=8.5 Hz, H-2, H-6), 7.69 (1H, d, J=15.8 Hz, H2-α), 7.74 (1H, d, J=16.0 Hz, H2-β); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 127.9 (C-1), 130.2 (C-2, C-6), 161.0 (C-4), 115.6 (C-3, C-5), 105.6 (C-1′), 166.8 (C-2′), 95.3 (C-3′), 165.2 (C-4′), 92.1 (C-5′), 163.1 (C-6′), 55.8 (OCH3-4′), 56.5 (OCH3-6′), 125.3 (C-α), 142.7 (C-β), 192.3 (C=O)。根據(jù)文獻報道(Seeram et al.,1996;Dharmaratne et al.,2002),鑒定化合物4為2′,4-dihydroxy-4′,6′-dimethoxychalcone。
化合物5 黃色針晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 162~163 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 300? [M]+, 分子式為C17H16O5, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 3.87 (3H, s, OCH3-4), 3.92 (3H, s, OCH3-6′), 5.33 (1H, brs, OH-4′), 5.96 (1H, d, J=2.4 Hz, H-5′), 6.05 (1H, d, J=2.4 Hz, H-3′), 6.94 (2H, d, J=8.8 Hz, H-3, H-5), 7.56(2H, d, J=8.8 Hz, H-2, H-6), 7.75 (1H, d, J=15.6 Hz, H-β), 7.78 (1H, d, J=15.6 Hz, H-α), 14.32 (1H, s, OH-2′); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 128.3 (C-1), 130.1 (C-2, C-6), 161.4 (C-4), 114.4 (C-3, C-5), 106.5 (C-1′), 167.9 (C-2′), 96.8 (C-3′), 162.7 (C-4′), 91.1 (C-5′), 163.2 (C-6′), 55.9 (OCH3-6′), 55.4 (OCH3-4), 125.1 (C-α), 142.6 (C-β), 192.7 (C=O)。根據(jù)文獻報道(Seidel et al.,2000),鑒定化合物5為2′,4′-dihydroxy-4,6′-dimethoxychalcone。
化合物6 黃色針晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 216~217 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 316? [M]+, 分子式為C16H12O7, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 3.85 (3H, s, OCH3-3′), 6.25 (1H, d, J=2.2 Hz, H-6), 6.49 (1H, d, J=2.2 Hz, H-8), 6.96 (1H, d, J=2.2 Hz, H-5′), 7.70 (1H, dd, J=2.2, 8.8 Hz, H-6′), 7.77 (1H, d, J=2.2 Hz, H-2′), 9.74 (1H, brs, OH-4′), 9.84 (1H, brs, OH-3), 10.98 (1H, s, OH-7), 12.49 (1H, s, OH-5); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 156.6 (C-2), 132.9 (C-3), 176.3 (C-4), 159.8 (C-5), 98.9 (C-6), 164.3 (C-7), 95.0 (C-8), 161.2 (C-9), 105.2 (C-10), 122.2 (C-1′), 115.5 (C-2′), 149.3 (C-3′), 151.5 (C-4′), 116.0 (C-5′), 122.0 (C-6′), 56.2 (OCH3-3′)。根據(jù)文獻報道(李勝華,2018),鑒定化合物6為異鼠李素。
化合物7 黃色結晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 280~281 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 297? [M]+, 分子式為C17H13O5, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 2.24 (3H, s, CH3-8), 3.90 (3H, s, OCH3-7), 6.54 (1H, s, H-3), 6.82 (1H, s, H-3), 6.95 (2H, d, J=8.5 Hz, H-3′, H-5′), 7.95 (2H, d, J=8.5 Hz, H-2′, H-6′); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 163.2 (C-2) ,101.2 (C-3), 182.9 (C-4), 160.0 (C-5), 95.5 (C-6), 162.1 (C-7), 103.0 (C-8), 154.2 (C-9), 103.5 (C-10), 121.9 (C-1′), 129.0 (C-2′, C-6′), 162.1 (C-4′), 115.6(C-3′, C-5′), 8.11 (CH3-8), 56.8 (OCH3-7)。根據(jù)文獻報道(Junio et al.,2011),鑒定化合物7為4′,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-8-methylflavone。
化合物8 黃色針晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 271~272 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 286? [M]+, 分子式為C15H10O6, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 6.19 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz, H-6), 6.40 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz, H-8), 6.92 (2H, d, J=8.9 Hz, H-3′, H-5′), 8.04 (2H, d, J=8.9 Hz, H-2′, H-6′); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 147.3 (C-2), 131.6 (C-3), 176.4 (C-4), 161.2 (C-5), 98.7 (C-6), 164.4 (C-7), 94.0 (C-8), 156.6 (C-9), 103.5 (C-10), 122.1 (C-1′), 130.0 (C-2′, C-6′), 159.7 (C-4′), 115.9 (C-3′and C-5′)。根據(jù)文獻報道(Singh et al.,2008),鑒定化合物8為山奈酚。
化合物9 白色羽狀結晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 141~142 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 414? [M]+, 分子式為C29H50O, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.70 (3H, s, J=7.3 Hz, CH3-29), 0.83 (3H, m, J=6.6 Hz, CH3-27), 0.86 (3H, d, J=6.6 Hz, CH3-26), 0.91 (3H, d, J=6.4 Hz, CH3-21), 1.08 (3H, s, CH3-18), 1.10 (3H, s, CH3-19), 3.53 (1H, m, H-3), 5.35 (1H, m, H-1); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 37.3 (C-1), 26.1 (C-2), 71.8 (C-3), 42.4 (C-4), 140.8 (C-5), 121.7 (C-6), 34.0 (C-7), 31.6 (C-8), 50.2 (C-9), 36.5 (C-10), 21.1 (C-11), 39.8 (C-12), 42.3 (C-13), 56.8 (C-14), 24.3 (C-15), 29.2 (C-16), 56.1 (C-17), 19.6 (C-18), 11.9 (C-19), 36.2 (C-20), 19.2 (C-21), 31.9 (C-22), 28.3 (C-23), 45.9 (C-24), 29.7 (C-25), 12.0 (C-26), 20.2 (C-27), 23.1 (C-28), 19.8 (C-29)。根據(jù)文獻報道(朱海林等,2016),鑒定化合物9為β-谷甾醇。
化合物10 白色結晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 167~168 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 412? [M]+, 分子式為C29H48O, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 3.53 (1H, m, H-3), 5.04 (1H, dd, J=8.6, 15.0 Hz, H-23), 5.16 (1H, dd, J=8.6, 15.0 Hz, H-22), 5.36 (1H, m, H-6); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 37.2 (C-1), 31.9 (C-2), 71.9 (C-3), 42.2 (C-4), 140.9 (C-5), 121.7 (C-6), 31.9 (C-7), 31.9 (C-8), 50.1 (C-9), 36.6 (C-10), 21.2 (C-11), 39.8 (C-12), 42.3 (C-13), 56.8 (C-14), 24.4 (C-15), 28.9 (C-16), 56.1 (C-17), 12.2 (C-18), 19.4 (C-19), 40.5 (C-20), 21.3 (C-21), 138.3 (C-22), 129.4 (C-23), 51.4 (C-24), 31.9 (C-25), 19.4 (C-26), 21.2 (C-27), 25.4 (C-28), 12.2 (C-29)。根據(jù)文獻報道(Ee et al.,2006),鑒定化合物10為豆甾醇。
化合物11 白色粉末(二氯甲烷-甲醇),mp: 291~292 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 576? [M]+, 分子式為C35H60O6, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 0.68 (3H, s, H-18), 0.86 (6H, d, J=7.4 Hz, H-26, H-27), 0.88 (3H, t, J=6.4 Hz, H-29), 0.96 (3H, d, J=7.4 Hz, H-21), 0.99 (3H, s, H-19), 3.26 (3H, m,H-2′, 4′, 5′), 3.63 (1H, t, J=6.1 Hz, H-3′), 3.51 (1H, m,H-3), 4.21 (1H, dd, J=6.1, 11.6 Hz, H-6′a), 4.43 (1H, d, J=11.6 Hz, H-6′b), 4.89 (1H, d, J=7.9 Hz, H-1′), 5.33 (1H, m, H-6); 13C-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 37.9 (C-1), 30.7 (C-2), 79.0 (C-3), 39.6 (C-4), 141.1 (C-5), 121.9 (C-6), 32.5 (C-7), 32.6 (C-8), 50.4 (C-9), 37.1 (C-10), 21.5 (C-11), 40.2 (C-12),42.6 (C-13), 57.3 (C-14), 24.8 (C-15), 29.4 (C-16), 56.4 (C-17), 12.4 (C-18), 19.7 (C-19), 36.4 (C-20), 20.0 (C-21), 34.9 (C-22),26.4 (C-23), 46.2 (C-24), 29.5 (C-25), 20.4 (C-26), 19.6 (C-27), 24.1 (C-28), 12.5 (C-29), 101.9 (C-1′), 74.7 (C-2′), 77.8 (C-3′), 71.2 (C-4′), 77.5 (C-5′), 62.3 (C-6′)。根據(jù)文獻報道(Luo et al.,2009),鑒定化合物11為胡蘿卜苷。
化合物12 白色針晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 209~210 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 168? [M]+, 分子式為C8H8O4, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 3.80 (3H, s, OCH3-3), 6.83 (1H, d, J=7.7 Hz, H-5), 7.45 (2H, m, H-2, H-6); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 122.1 (C-1), 113.2 (C-2), 147.7 (C-3), 151.6 (C-4), 115.5 (C-5), 123.9 (C-6), 56.0 (-OCH3), 167.7 (-COOH)。根據(jù)文獻報道(倪付勇,2017),鑒定化合物12為香草酸。
化合物13 白色粉末(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 215~216 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 138? [M]+, 分子式為C7H6O3, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 6.84 (2H, d, J=8.7 Hz, H-3, H-5), 7.81 (2H, d, J=8.7 Hz, H-2, H-6); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 121.8 (C-1), 132.0 (C-2, C-6), 162.1 (C-4), 115.6 (C-3, C-5), 167.6 (-COOH)。根據(jù)文獻報道(謝雪等,2016),鑒定化合物13為對羥基苯甲酸。
化合物14 無色針晶(正己烷-乙酸乙酯),mp: 127~128 ℃, EI-MS m/z: 386? [M]+, 分子式為C22H26O6, 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 2.51 (1H, dd, J=7.9, 13.5 Hz, H-7b), 2.53 (1H, ddddd, J=5.9, 7.2, 8.1, 8.3, 9.0 Hz, H-8), 2.59 (1H, ddd, J=5.4, 6.4, 9.0 Hz, H-8′), 2.64 (1H, dd, J=7.9, 13.5 Hz, H-7a), 2.91 (1H, dd, J=5.4, 13.8 Hz, H-7′b), 2.96 (1H, dd, J=6.2, 13.8 Hz, H-7′a), 3.83 (3H, s, H-12), 3.84 (3H, s, H-11), 3.86 (3H, s, H-13), 3.87 (1H, s, H-10), 3.88 (1H, dd, J=8.1, 8.7 Hz, H-9b), 4.13 (1H, dd, J=7.2, 8.7 Hz, H-9a), 6.49 (1H, d, J=2.2 Hz, H-2), 6.56 (1H, dd, J=2.2, 8.2 Hz, H-6), 6.65 (1H, dd, J=2.0, 8.3 Hz, H-6′), 6.68 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz, H-2′), 6.77 (1H, d, J=8.4 Hz, H-5′), 6.78 (1H, d, J=8.0 Hz, H-5); 13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 130.5 (C-1), 111.8 (C-2), 147.9 (C-3), 149.2 (C-4), 111.1 (C-5), 120.6 (C-6), 38.2 (C-7), 41.1 (C-8), 71.2 (C-9), 56.0 (C-10), 55.9 (C- 11), 55.9 (C-12), 55.9 (C-13), 130.2 (C-1′), 112.4 (C-2′), 147.8 (C-3′), 149.1 (C-4′), 111.4 (C-5′), 121.4 (C-6′), 34.5 (C-7′), 46.6 (C-8′), 178.7 (C-9′)。根據(jù)文獻報道(Tanabe et al.,2011),鑒定化合物14為二甲基羅漢松脂素。
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