陳英道 李育英 李海寧
【摘要】 目的 探討腦小血管?。–SVD)的相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素。方法 選取110例腦小血管病患者作為研究組, 另選取90例非腦小血管病患者作為對(duì)照組。比較兩組研究對(duì)象的基本資料及實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢驗(yàn)指標(biāo), 采用Logistic回歸分析腦小血管病的相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素。結(jié)果 研究組高脂血癥、吸煙、糖尿病、高血壓占比分別為80.91%、70.91%、54.55%、96.36%, 均高于對(duì)照組的60.00%、57.78%、36.67%、52.22%, 差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。研究組餐后2 h血糖、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、C反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)水平分別為(11.51±1.57)mmol/L、(4.41±1.08)mmol/L、(20.96±6.08)μmol/L、(22.95±6.12)mg/L, 均高于對(duì)照組的(7.82±1.09)mmol/L、(2.82±0.51)mmol/L、(15.62±4.52)μmol/L、(5.69±1.13)mg/L, 差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回歸分析顯示, 高血壓、糖尿病、吸煙及Hcy升高是腦小血管病的危險(xiǎn)因素(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 合并有高血壓、糖尿病、吸煙及Hcy升高更容易發(fā)生腦小血管病, 因此臨床上可以通過(guò)控制這些危險(xiǎn)因素來(lái)進(jìn)行腦小血管病的預(yù)防。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 腦小血管病;相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素;糖尿病;高血壓;吸煙;同型半胱氨酸升高
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2020.20.010
【Abstract】 Objective ? To discuss the risk factors of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Methods ? There were 110 cerebral small vessel disease patients as the research group, and 90 non-cerebral small vessel disease patients as the control group. The basic data and laboratory test indexes of the two groups were compared, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of cerebrovascular disease. Results ? The proportion of hyperlipidemia, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension of the research group were 80.91%, 70.91%, 54.55% and 96.36%, which were higher than those of the control group 60.00%, 57.78%, 36.67% and 52.22%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels of 2-h postprandial blood glucose, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, homocysteine (Hcy), C-reactive protein (CRP) of the research group were (11.51±1.57) mmol/L, (4.41±1.08) mmol/L, (20.96±6.08) μmol/L and (22.95±6.12) mg/L respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (7.82±1.09) mmol/L, (2.82±0.51) mmol/L, (15.62±4.52) μmol/L?and (5.69±1.13) mg/L, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and elevated Hcy were risk factors for cerebrovascular disease (P<0.05). Conclusion ? Cerebral small vessel disease is more likely to occur in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and elevated Hcy. Therefore, cerebral small vessel disease can be prevented by controlling these risk factors.
【Key words】 Cerebral small vessel disease; Risk factors; Diabetes mellitus; Hypertension; Smoking; Elevated homocysteine
腦小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease, CSVD)是一種臨床常見(jiàn)的腦血管疾病, 主要是由于各種各樣的原因影響腦內(nèi)的小動(dòng)脈、毛細(xì)血管、小靜脈等所導(dǎo)致的一種疾病[1]。急性腦小血管病的主要表現(xiàn)為腔隙性腦梗死(Lacunar infarction, LI)和腦實(shí)質(zhì)出血[2]。慢性腦小血管病早期沒(méi)有明顯的癥狀, 需要通過(guò)影像學(xué)等方法進(jìn)行診斷, 晚期會(huì)出現(xiàn)認(rèn)知功能的下降、大小便失禁、走路不穩(wěn), 或者出現(xiàn)抑郁等情感障礙[3]。因此對(duì)于腦小血管病的危險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行分析可以有效預(yù)防疾病的發(fā)生和發(fā)展, 對(duì)早期的診斷和治療均有重要的意義。本研究選取110例腦小血管病患者和90例非腦小血管病患者作為研究對(duì)象, 對(duì)比探討腦小血管病的相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素。報(bào)告如下。