谷戰(zhàn)峰

恐怖電影和喜劇電影有著天壤之別，前者會把你嚇得魂飛魄散，而后者會讓你捧腹大笑。這一切都源于電影和音樂的密切關(guān)系，音樂對電影的影響很大。那么，電影制作者是如何用音樂來渲染氣氛的呢？

Theres a world of difference between a horror movie and a comedy—the former scares you half to death while the latter leaves you rolling on the floor with laughter. But try watching them without ?background music and you just might decide theyre not so different after all. Music and movies have been closely connected since the beginning of the film industry—even before the voices of actors were recorded. In movies， music helps to provide a sense of time and place， convey ideas about the characters and， most importantly， draw emotions out of the audience.

Studies have long shown that our heart rates and anxiety levels rise and fall depending on the speed of the music we hear. Using this knowledge， composers use sudden changes in film music speed to create fear among audiences. Slowing the speed of the music will have the opposite effect， bringing about a sense of peace or a dreamlike quality. The use of dissonant （聲音不和諧的） tones and noises is another technique that heightens tension. Humans naturally become unnerved when they hear dissonant sounds because such noises are usually associated with danger， like those that animals make to warn against predators （捕食性動物）.

As crucial as it is， the best film music is subtle. All that audiences are supposed to feel is a heightened sense of emotion—they shouldnt realize whats causing it. Only when the music is taken out of the film， should audiences understand its effects.

In keeping with this principle， some filmmakers are even using whats called “infrasound” （次聲波） to arouse fear. While we may not be able to hear it because its frequency is below the range of the human ear， infrasound has been proven to cause anxiety， tremble and even sorrow. For example， infrasound was used in the soundtrack of the 2007 horror movie Paranormal Activity， and audiences reposed extremely high fear levels despite the lack of action throughout the movie. “It doesnt affect everyone equally，” said British science writer Philip Ball， author of The Music Instinct， but he predicted that “we will see more of it used in movies in the future”.

1. What is the difference between a horror movie and a comedy？

A. Their history.

B. Their actors.

C. Their time and place.

D. Their background music.

2. What causes fear among audiences？

A. The unexpected change of the music.

B. The slow speed of the music.

C. The knowledge of the music.

D. The theme of the music.

3. What does the underlined word “subtle” in the third paragraph mean？

A. Gentle.

B. Wonderful.

C. Not immediately obvious.

D. Not extremely attractive.

Difficult sentence

Only when the music is taken out of the film， should audiences understand its effects.

【翻譯】

【點石成金】本句是一個倒裝句。句中should audiences understand its effects是主句，Only when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。當(dāng)only when位于句首引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，其后的主句習(xí)慣上要用部分倒裝語序，即將be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前。