国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

栝樓屬一新種
——腺栝樓

2020-08-30 13:27朱光權(quán)彭華正柳新紅
浙江林業(yè)科技 2020年3期
關(guān)鍵詞:剛毛苞片裂片

朱光權(quán),彭華正,柳新紅

(浙江省林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院,浙江 杭州 310023)

近年,筆者在《浙江植物志》(新編)編撰過程中,對(duì)浙江省野生植物資源進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。在調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn)一種栝樓屬Trichosanthes植物,它在外形上與長(zhǎng)萼栝樓T.laceribractea相似,但其葉腋具假托葉、雄花序具苞片、雌花梗被剛毛狀刺毛和腺毛、子房被腺毛等許多方面與長(zhǎng)萼栝樓有明顯區(qū)別,與已知的栝樓Trichosanthesspp.都不一樣。經(jīng)過4 a 的野外定株觀測(cè)和對(duì)其實(shí)生后代的觀測(cè),這些性狀都是穩(wěn)定遺傳的。通過查閱標(biāo)本和相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料[1-12],確認(rèn)它為一新種,現(xiàn)予以報(bào)道。

腺栝樓 新種 圖1

Trichosanthes glandulosaG.Q.Zhu,H.Z.Peng et X.H.Liu,sp.nov.Figure 1.

Perennial climbing herbs.Subterranean tubers fusiform or cylindric,to 80 cm,to 13 cm in diam.,surface yellowish-brown,inside white,with a bitter taste.Stem to 6~ 13 m,much branched,angular,grooved,branches sparsely hispidulous or pubescent,slightly denser near nodes.Leaves simple,papery,suborbicular or broadly ovate,6.5-19.0(-26.0) ×6.5-18.0(-24.0) cm,usually 3-7-lobed up to middle or nearly to base,sometimes shallowly lobed,lobes triangular,rhombic,rhombic-ovate or rhombic-obovate,basal lobes usually ear-shaped,apex acuminate,irregularly serrulate and slightly undulate at the margins with mucronulate-teeth,sometimes shallowly lobed,adaxially dark green,densely glandular puberulent in young,densely hispidulous or white punctate in age,pubescent on veins,abaxially pale green,with several discal glands,0.5-2.0 mm in diam.,hispidulous and setose or glandular puberulent on veins,palmate vein 5-7; petiole 1.5-10.5 cm,striate,hispidulous or white punctate.With pseudostipule 1(-2) in leaf axils,linear-lanceolate,apex acuminate or caudate,margin sparsely serrate or entire,adaxially involute,both surfaces pubescent.Tendrils 2-4-fid.Stems,petioles and tendrils glandular pubescent in young.Plants dioecious.Male racemes axillary,peduncle 13-53 cm,sparsely hispidulous or pubescent,7-30-flowered on it; with bract 1(-2),linear-lanceolate,2.0-4.5(-6.5) × 0.3-0.7(-1.3) cm,apex acuminate or caudate,margin sparsely serrate or entire,adaxially involute,both surfaces pubescent; bractlets elliptic-ovate or rhombic-ovate,cucullate,5.0-6.0 × 3.0-4.5 cm,apex caudate,margin lacerate; pedicel 0-5 mm,pubescent; calyx glandular pubescent outside,calyx tube tubular,dilated at apex,4.0-6.5 ×0.8-1.2 cm,segments open,triangular-lanceolate,2.0-2.5 × 0.5-0.9 cm,apex caudate,margin laciniate; corolla white,segments flabellate,sometimes elliptic-obovate,ca.2.5-3.0 × 2.5-3.5 cm,margin long fimbriate to 3-4(-5) cm; anther column ca.9 mm,connective yellow-brown hairy,filaments sparsely hairy.Female flowers solitary; pedicel 0.8-2.0 cm,hispidulous and glandular pubescent; same bracts as in male flowers; calyx glandular pubescent outside,calyx tube cylindric,2.0-3.0 ×ca.0.5 cm;segments lanceolate,1.0-1.7 × ca.0.4 cm,margin serrate or laciniate; corolla segments same in shape as in male flowers,2.0-2.8 × 1.6-2.5 cm; ovary elliptic or elliptic-ovate,1.2-1.5 ×0.7-1.0 cm,glandular pubescent; style glabrous,stigmas ca.1 cm,glabrous.Fruiting peduncle 1-3 cm,hispidulous and pubescent,glabrescent; fruit elliptic or subglobose,6-8 × 5-7 cm,pale green,with white spots,turning orange-red when ripe,glabrous; pulp blackish green.Seeds elliptic-ovate or oblong,11-15 × 6-8 mm,brown,both ends rounded or base truncate,with a distinct concave line around the edge.Fl.Jun-Aug,fr.Sep-Oct.Type:杭州(Hangzhou),小和山(Xiaoheshan),浙江省林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院(Zhejiang Academy of Forestry),竹種園(Bamboo Garden),alt.30 m,3 July.2018,朱光權(quán)(G.Q.Zhu),ZFAZGQ 2018070301(♀,fl.Holotype:ZM)。

圖1 腺栝樓黑線圖(孫曉霞 繪)Figure 1 Trichosanthes glandulosa G.Q.Zhu,H.Z.Peng et X.H.Liu

多年生攀援草質(zhì)藤本。塊根紡錘形或圓柱狀,長(zhǎng)可達(dá)80 cm,直徑可達(dá)13 cm,表面淡黃褐色,里面白色,味苦。莖長(zhǎng)6~ 13 m,多分枝,具縱棱及槽,小枝疏被剛毛狀刺毛或短柔毛,節(jié)部較密。單葉,葉片紙質(zhì),輪廓近圓形或闊卵形,長(zhǎng)6.5~ 19.0(26.0)cm,寬6.5~ 18.0(24.0)cm,通常3~ 7 中裂至深裂,有時(shí)淺裂,裂片三角形、菱形、菱狀卵形或菱狀倒卵形,基部裂片通常耳狀,先端漸尖,邊緣具有小短尖的不規(guī)則鋸齒或波狀齒,或再淺裂,上面深綠色,幼時(shí)密被腺毛,后變?yōu)槎虅偯珷畲堂桶咨邳c(diǎn),脈上被短柔毛,背面淡綠色,散生數(shù)個(gè)盤狀腺體,直徑0.5~ 2.0 mm,沿脈被剛毛狀刺毛和剛毛或混生腺毛,掌狀脈5~ 7 條;葉柄長(zhǎng)1.5~ 10.5 cm,具縱條紋,被剛毛狀刺毛,后為白色糙點(diǎn)。葉腋具假托葉1(2),線狀披針形,先端漸尖或尾尖,邊緣有疏齒或全緣,內(nèi)卷,兩面被短柔毛。卷須2~ 4 歧。莖、葉柄和卷須幼時(shí)有腺毛。雌雄異株。雄花:總狀花序腋生,總梗長(zhǎng)13~ 53 cm,疏被剛毛狀刺毛和短柔毛,具花7~ 30 朵;苞片1(2),線狀披針形,長(zhǎng)2.0~ 4.5(6.5)cm,寬0.3~ 0.7(1.3)cm,先端漸尖或尾尖,有疏齒或全緣,內(nèi)卷,兩面被短柔毛;小苞片橢圓狀卵形或菱狀卵形,兜狀,長(zhǎng)5.0~ 6.0 cm,寬3.0~ 4.5 cm,先端尾尖,邊緣具長(zhǎng)細(xì)裂片;花梗長(zhǎng)0~ 5 mm,被短柔毛;花萼外面被腺毛,萼筒管狀,長(zhǎng)4.0~ 6.5 cm,頂端擴(kuò)大,直徑0.8~ 1.2 cm,中下部直徑約0.4 cm,萼裂片開張,三角狀披針形,長(zhǎng)2.0~ 2.5 cm,基部寬0.5~ 0.9 cm,先端尾尖,邊緣具細(xì)裂片;花冠白色,裂片扇形,有時(shí)橢圓狀倒卵形,長(zhǎng)約2.5~ 3.0 cm,寬約2.5~ 3.5 cm,邊緣有纖細(xì)流蘇,長(zhǎng)3~ 4(5)cm;花藥柱長(zhǎng)約9 mm,藥隔被黃褐色柔毛,花絲疏被長(zhǎng)柔毛。雌花單生;花梗長(zhǎng)0.8~ 2.0 cm,被剛毛狀刺毛和腺毛;苞片如雄花苞片;花萼外面被腺毛,萼筒圓柱狀,長(zhǎng)2.0~ 3.0 cm,徑約0.5 cm,裂片披針形,長(zhǎng)1.0~ 1.7 cm,基部寬約0.4 cm,邊緣有鋸齒或細(xì)裂片;花冠裂片形似雄花,長(zhǎng)2.0~ 2.8 cm,寬1.6~ 2.5 cm;子房橢圓形或橢圓狀卵形,長(zhǎng)1.2~ 1.5 cm,寬0.7~ 1.0 cm,被腺毛,花柱無毛,柱頭長(zhǎng)約1 cm,無毛。果梗長(zhǎng)1~ 3 cm,被剛毛狀刺毛和短柔毛,后變無毛;果橢圓形或近圓形,長(zhǎng)6~ 8 cm,寬5~ 7 cm,淡綠色,有白斑,成熟時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)橙紅色,無毛;瓤墨綠色。種子橢圓狀卵形或長(zhǎng)圓形,長(zhǎng)11~ 15 mm,寬6~ 8 mm,褐色,兩端鈍圓或種臍端平截,近邊緣處有一圈明顯的凹線?;ㄆ?-8 月,果期9-10 月。

圖2 腺栝樓各期形態(tài)照片F(xiàn)igure 2 Trichosanthes glandulosa G.Q.Zhu,H.Z.Peng et X.H.Liu

Paratype:China,浙江(Zhejiang),桐廬(Tonglu),頊茆坪(Xumaoping),鄭坑塢 (Zhengkengwu),alt.375 m,西南山坡林中,4 Sep.1978,洪林(L.Hong),HZ056319(♂,HHBG);杭州(Hangzhou),午潮山 (Wuchaoshan),alt.200 m,林緣路邊,26 Aug.2013,朱光權(quán)(G.Q.Zhu),ZFAZGQ201308261(♂,fl.ZM);武義(Wuyi),大溪口村(Daxikoucun),alt.240 m,溪邊綠化帶內(nèi),22 Oct.2017,朱光權(quán)等(G.Q.Zhu et al.),2017102232(fr.,ZM);松陽(Sonyang),箬寮峴(Ruoliaoxian),alt.650 m,路邊,17 July.2016,朱光權(quán)(G.Q.Zhu),ZFAZGQ2016071701(♂,fl.ZM);遂昌(Suichang),際下村(Jixiacun),嶺腳下嶺(Lingjiaoxialing),alt.820 m,路邊灌叢中,24 Sep.2016,朱光權(quán)等(G.Q.Zhu et al.),ZFAZGQ2016092407(fr.,ZM);慶元(Qingyuan),左溪(Zuoxi),半坑村(Bankengcun),alt.550 m,路邊,6 Nov.2016,楊少宗(S.Z.Yang),139(fr.,ZM);龍泉(Longquan),爐岙村(Lu’aocun),alt.1 100 m,村邊荒地,26 Oct.2018,朱光權(quán)(G.Q.Zhu),ZFAZGQ2018102601(fr.,ZM)。

本種常生長(zhǎng)在海拔1 100 m 以下的村旁、路邊、溝邊、林緣或灌叢及疏林中,光照充足,土壤深厚、濕潤(rùn)的地方。腺栝樓與長(zhǎng)萼栝樓的主要區(qū)別見表1。

表1 腺栝樓和長(zhǎng)萼栝樓主要形態(tài)特征比較Table 1 Comparison of T. glandulosa and T.laceribractea

猜你喜歡
剛毛苞片裂片
菊花雜交一代葉片形態(tài)數(shù)量性狀分析
同心發(fā)射筒系留蓋體燃?xì)忾_啟技術(shù)
系3. 門源翠雀花系 Ser. Menyuanensia
德國(guó)小蠊足跗節(jié)腹面及側(cè)面的超微結(jié)構(gòu)觀察
隱匿一世只為花開一時(shí)
一種微波裂片設(shè)備
珙桐苞片發(fā)育過程中內(nèi)源激素的變化特征
3種剛毛藻對(duì)1,2—二氯苯去除效果研究
隱匿一世只為花開一時(shí)
隱匿一世只為花開一時(shí)