邱玉霞 陳美珍 何麗怡 歐惠琴
[摘要]目的 探討品管圈活動在腦卒中(CVA)吞咽障礙患者中的應(yīng)用效果。方法 選取我院收治的120例CVA吞咽障礙患者,將2018年3~7月收治的60例未實(shí)施品管圈(QCC)活動患者作為對照組,將2018年8~12月收治的60例實(shí)施QCC活動患者作為觀察組,比較兩組的有形成果(誤吸發(fā)生率、吸入性肺炎發(fā)生率)和無形成果。結(jié)果 觀察組的誤吸發(fā)生率、吸入性肺炎發(fā)生率均低于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);觀察組在課程興趣、品管圈認(rèn)知、質(zhì)量改善方法、活動信心、團(tuán)隊(duì)精神、認(rèn)知程度、溝通協(xié)調(diào)方面評分均高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 對CVA吞咽障礙患者實(shí)施QCC管理可有效降低誤吸和吸入性肺炎發(fā)生率,可提高圈員綜合素養(yǎng)及整體能力,值得臨床推廣和應(yīng)用。
[關(guān)鍵詞]品管圈活動;腦卒中;吞咽障礙;誤吸發(fā)生率
[中圖分類號] R473.74? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1674-4721(2020)8(a)-0226-03
Application effect of quality control circle activity in patients with dysphagia after stroke
QIU Yu-xia? ?CHEN Mei-zhen? ?HE Li-yi? ?OU Hui-qin
Department of Cerebrovascular, Qingyuan People′s Hospital, Guangdong Province, Qingyuan? ?511518, China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of quality control circle (QCC) activity in patients with dysphagia after stroke (CVA). Methods A total of 120 patients with CVA and dysphagia admitted to our hospital were selected, and 60 patients who had not undergone QCC activities from March to July 2018 were selected as the control group, and 60 patients from August to December 2018 implemented were classified into the observation group. The visible findings including the incidence of aspiration and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and invisible outcomes were compared in the two groups. Results The incidence of aspiration and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, with statistical differences (P<0.05). After comparing the invisible outcomes in the two groups, the scores of interest in curriculum, perception on QCC, quality improvement methods, activity confidence, team spirit, cognition, communication and coordination were higher than those of the control group, with statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusion The implementation of QCC management for CVA patients with dysphagia can effectively reduce the incidence of aspiration and aspiration pneumonia. Meanwhile, it can improve the comprehensive literacy and overall ability of the circle members, and it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
[Key words] Quality control circle activity; Stroke; Dysphagia; Incidence of aspiration
腦卒中(CVA)是臨床常見、多發(fā)病,患者多伴有后遺癥,吞咽障礙是發(fā)生率較高后遺癥類型。CVA吞咽障礙患者常發(fā)生誤吸,進(jìn)而增加肺部感染的發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn),嚴(yán)重情況下甚至?xí)斐苫颊咧舷ⅰ⑺劳?。因此,對CVA吞咽障礙患者,如何進(jìn)行及時有效干預(yù),降低誤吸發(fā)生率,是臨床研究和關(guān)注重點(diǎn)問題[1-3]。品管圈(QCC)近年來在臨床有廣泛應(yīng)用,是指由相同、相近或有互補(bǔ)性質(zhì)工作場所人群自發(fā)組成活動團(tuán)隊(duì),并通過合作、運(yùn)用科學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)工具和品管手法解決工作現(xiàn)場管理和文化等方面發(fā)生問題。QCC應(yīng)用于護(hù)理工作中,可提高護(hù)理效率、改善護(hù)理質(zhì)量[4-5]。為探究QCC對于降低CVA吞咽障礙患者誤吸發(fā)生率是否有積極作用,本研究將120例CVA吞咽障礙患者作為主要對象,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
綜上所述,QCC是一種科學(xué)管理方法,在CVA吞咽患者護(hù)理管理中使用能降低誤吸和吸入性肺炎發(fā)生率。同時,通過實(shí)施QCC管理,能夠提高護(hù)理人員綜合素養(yǎng)及整體能力,而改善護(hù)理質(zhì)量。因此,值得臨床推廣和應(yīng)用。
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(收稿日期:2020-01-08)